scholarly journals Synthetic Conditions and Color Characteristics of Tantalum Oxynitride Prepared via Liquid-NH3Process

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo Sasaki ◽  
Zentaro Tokuyasu ◽  
Yoichi Ono ◽  
Mitsunobu Iwasaki ◽  
Seishiro Ito
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Color Index ◽  
Metal Halide ◽  
Color Properties ◽  
Color Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Precursor Material ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Yellow Pigments

Tantalum oxynitrides, such as TaON, exhibit promising color properties and can be employed as nontoxic yellow pigments containing no heavy metals. We have developed a process for preparing nitrides or oxynitrides involving the vacuum-calcination of a precursor material obtained via reaction between a metal halide and liquidNH3. Herein, we describe the synthetic conditions of the liquid-NH3process that affect the color, and thus the color characteristics, of the resulting pigments. Reaction and postreaction treatment conditions were adjusted to obtain the desired yellow color. The liquid-NH3process was performed using 1.0 eq ofH2O(relative toTaCl5) as the oxygen source and 30.0 eq of KCl (relative toTaCl5) as flux. Calcination of the precursor at 1073 K under vacuum was followed by recalcination from room temperature to 973 K at rate of 10 Kmin−1under air. A powder with a color index ofL∗=84.20,a∗=−2.71, andb∗=44.07was obtained.

Investigation of Plasma Treatment Conditions for Wafer-Scale Room-Temperature Bonding Using Ultrathin Au Films in Ambient Air

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
pp. 217-218
Author(s):  
Michitaka Yamamoto ◽  
Takashi Matsumae ◽  
Yuichi Kurashima ◽  
Hideki Takagi ◽  
Tadatomo Suga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Wafer Scale ◽  
Treatment Conditions

scholarly journals Mechanism of Additive-Assisted Room-Temperature Processing of Metal Halide Perovskite Thin Films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maged Abdelsamie ◽  
Tianyang Li ◽  
Finn Babbe ◽  
Junwei Xu ◽  
Qiwei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Metal Halide ◽  
Metal Halide Perovskite ◽  
Halide Perovskite

An Above-Room-Temperature Ferroelectric Organo-Metal Halide Perovskite: (3-Pyrrolinium)(CdCl3)

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (42) ◽  
pp. 11242-11247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng-Yun Ye ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Da-Wei Fu ◽  
Ren-Gen Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Metal Halide ◽  
Metal Halide Perovskite ◽  
Halide Perovskite

Effect of Precursor Sol Ageing on Sol-Gel Derived Ruthenium Oxide Thin Films

1999 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bhaskar ◽  
S. B. Majumder ◽  
P. S. Dobal ◽  
R. S. Katiyar ◽  
A. L. M. Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ruthenium Oxide ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Solution Deposition ◽  
Precursor Material ◽  
Afm Analysis

AbstractIn the present work we have optimized the process parameters to yield homogeneous, smooth ruthenium oxide (RuO2) thin films on silicon substrates by a solution deposition technique using RuCl3.×.H2O as the precursor material. Films were annealed in a temperature range of 300°C to 700°C, and it was found that RuO2 crystallizes at a temperature as low as 400°C. The crystallinity of the films improves with increased annealing temperature and the resistivity decreases from 4.86µΩ-m (films annealed at 400°C) to 2.94pµΩ (films annealed at 700°C). Ageing of the precursor solution has a pronounced effect on the measured resistivities of RuO2 thin films. It was found that the measured room temperature resistivities increases from 2.94µΩ-m to 45.7µΩ-m when the precursor sol is aged for aged 60 days. AFM analysis on the aged films shows that the grain size and the surface roughness of the annealed films increase with the ageing of the precursor solution. From XPS analysis we have detected the presence of non-transformed RuCl3 in case of films prepared from aged solution. We propose, that solution ageing inhibits the transformation of RuCl3 to RuO2 during the annealing of the films. The deterioration of the conductivity with solution ageing is thought to be related with the chloride contamination in the annealed films.

scholarly journals Water-Based Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticle Ink for Printed Toluene Vapours Sensor Operating at Room Temperature

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Maslik ◽  
Ivo Kuritka ◽  
Pavel Urbanek ◽  
Petr Krcmar ◽  
Pavol Suly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Protective Atmosphere ◽  
Baseline Drift ◽  
Nanoparticle Dispersions ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Different Temperatures

This study is focused on the development of water-based ITO nanoparticle dispersions and ink-jet fabrication methodology of an indium tin oxide (ITO) sensor for room temperature operations. Dimensionless correlations of material-tool-process variables were used to map the printing process and several interpretational frameworks were re-examined. A reduction of the problem to the Newtonian fluid approach was applied for the sake of simplicity. The ink properties as well as the properties of the deposited layers were tested for various nanoparticles loading. High-quality films were prepared and annealed at different temperatures. The best performing material composition, process parameters and post-print treatment conditions were used for preparing the testing sensor devices. Printed specimens were exposed to toluene vapours at room temperature. Good sensitivity, fast responses and recoveries were observed in ambient air although the n-type response mechanism to toluene is influenced by moisture in air and baseline drift was observed. Sensing response inversion was observed in an oxygen and moisture-free N2 atmosphere which is explained by the charge-transfer mechanism between the adsorbent and adsorbate molecules. The sensitivity of the device was slightly better and the response was stable showing no drifts in the protective atmosphere.

scholarly journals Kestabilan Inokulan Azotobacter selama Penyimpanan pada Dua Suhu

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Reginawanti Hindersah ◽  
Rija Sudirja
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Temperature Storage

Azotobacter might be used as biological agents in bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil since this rhizobacteria produceexopolysachharides (EPS) that mobilize soil heavy metals, and phytohormones that regulate root growth. So that heavy metal uptake bythe roots could be increased. The objective of this research was to verify the stability of EPS and phytohormones in Azotobacter liquidinoculants during four months in different temperature storage. Liquid inoculants has been produced in EPS-induced media and stored in200C and room temperature (24-270C) during four months. The results showed that the better temperature storage was room temperatureinstead of 20 0C since pH, total N, and EPS and phytohormones content was relatively stable during storage.

scholarly journals Studi Kemampuan Penyerapan Panas pada Atap Rumah Seng Berwarna Terhadap Intensitas Matahari dalam Mengatasi Global Warming

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Nazaruddin Nazaruddin ◽  
Teuku Zulfadli ◽  
Andi Mulkan
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Heat Absorption ◽  
Temperature Observation ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Black Color

The environmental temperature has increased significantly reaching 33oC as felt by the community, one of which is in the Aceh region which triggers Global Warming. As a result of the increase in temperature in the Aceh area, many buildings and houses become uncomfortable especially during the daytime because most house with zinc roof. This will cause the temperature in the house and the air around it to increase. Therefore, it is necessary to do research on the study of heat absorption on colored zinc roofs. This research method is to calculate the heat absorption (sun intensity) in zinc that has been coated with several kinds of colors such as white, red, blue, yellow and black. The purpose of this study was to determine the color that has the least amount of heat absorption to the sun's intensity. The highest room temperature on zinc-coated black is 49.2° C and the lowest is in white.  40.9°C from the pen. In the environmental temperature observation, there is the highest temperature at 12.00.  Room temperature increased the highest temperature at 12.00 on black zinc.  The distribution of room temperature can be averaged with a yellow color of 46.0°C, a black color of 49.2°C, a blue of 45.5°C and a white zinc of 40.9 oC.  The heat absorbed in the room is 47.9 joules, so from the overall average of the test it can be described that the room temperature is 45.6 and the zinc temperature is 53.8oC from the highest temperature difference at 12.00 WIB, room temperature and 13.00 WIB the highest absorption occurs at zinc temperature.

scholarly journals Self-powered, flexible and room temperature operated solution processed hybrid metal halide p-type sensing element for efficient hydrogen detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 014010 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Gagaoudakis ◽  
A Panagiotopoulos ◽  
T Maksudov ◽  
M Moschogiannaki ◽  
D Katerinopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Metal Halide ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Hydrogen Detection ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
P Type

Thermally induced transformations of Fe oxide-stabilized residues from waste incineration

2001 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Sørensen ◽  
C. Bender Koch
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Oxide Phase ◽  
Waste Incinerator ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Fe Oxide ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Reducing Gases

AbstractAir pollution control (APC) facilities at waste incinerator plants produce large quantities of solid residues rich in salts and heavy metals. Heavy metals are readily released to water from the residues and it has, therefore, been found suitable to apply a rapid co-precipitation/adsorption process as a means to immobilize the toxic elements. In the ‘Ferrox process’, this immobilization is based on co-precipitation with an Fe(III) oxide formed by oxidation of Fe(II) by air in an aqueous slurry with the APC residue at alkaline pH. In this work we have undertaken a Mössbauer spectroscopy study of the Fe oxide phase formed by precipitation at room temperature and of the oxides present after heating to 600 and 900°C. The only Fe oxide observed in the Ferrox product at room temperature is a very poorly crystalline ferrihydrite. Analytical transmission electron microscopy showed that the main elements associated with the ferrihydrite are Si and Ca. Following heating to 600°C the oxide is still characterized as an amorphous Fe oxide, and it is probable that Si associated with the ferrihydrite is decisive in preventing crystallization. After the 900°C treatment a transformation into defect maghemite is observed. Reducing gases produced from carbon in the samples probably induces this transformation. It eases, thus, the reduction of Fe(III) and the consequent formation of magnetite that eventually oxidizes to maghemite during cooling in air.

Enhancement of Exciton Emission in Lead Halide-Based Layered Perovskites by Cation Mixing

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3338-3342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanao Era ◽  
Yumeko Komatsu ◽  
Naotaka Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Divalent Metal ◽  
Metal Halide ◽  
Layered Perovskite ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Exciton Emission ◽  
Lead Halide ◽  
Layered Perovskites

Spin-coated films of a lead halide, PbX: X = I and Br, layered perovskites having cyclohexenylethyl ammonium molecule as an organic layer, which were mixed with other metal halide-based layered perovskites consisting of various divalent metal halides (for example, CaI2, CdI2, FeI2, SnBr2 and so on), were prepared. The results of X-ray diffraction measurements exhibited that solid solution formation between PbX-based layered perovskite and other divalent metal halide-based layered perovskites was observed up to very high molar concentration of 50 molar% in the mixed film samples when divalent cations having ionic radius close to that of Pb2+ were employed. In the solid solution films, the exciton emission was much enhanced at room temperature. Exciton emission intensity of PbI-based layered perovskite mixed with CaI-based layered perovskite (20 molar%) is about 5 times large that of the pristine PbI-based layered perovskite, and that of PbBr-based layered perovskite mixed with SnBr-based layered perovskite (20 molar%) was also about 5 times large that of the pristine PbBr-based layered perovskite at room temperature.

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