scholarly journals Trace Element Concentration and Speciation in Selected Mining-Contaminated Soils and Water in Willow Creek Floodplain, Colorado

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Burt ◽  
T. Weber ◽  
S. Park ◽  
S. Yochum ◽  
R. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Element Concentration ◽  
Trace Element Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Significant Contamination

Long-term mining activities in the mountains around Creede, Colorado have resulted in significant contamination in soils and water in the Willow Creek floodplain. Total major and trace were determined for soils and water and sequential chemical extraction for soils. Objectives were to determine concentrations and potential reactivity of trace elements and investigate their relationship with other soil and water properties. Water trace elements showed significant variability among sites, ranging from 347 to 12108 μg/L. Relative trend showed (Zn > Sr > Ba) > (Mn > W > Cd) > (Sn > V≈Ni≈Cu > Co) > (Ag). Soil trace elements showed significant short-range spatial variability, ranging from 2819 to 19274 mg/kg. Relative trend showed (Pb≈Zn > Mn > Ba > P) > (As > Cu > Sr > V > Cd > Sb≈Ag) > (Co≈Cr > Mo≈Sn≈Ni) > (Be≈W > Se≈Hg). Predominant fractions were oxide, specifically-sorbed/carbonate bound, and residual. Water soluble and exchangeable fractions showed (Zn≈Cd) > Pb and Cd > Zn > Pb, respectively. Mobility factors for highly contaminated soils showed Cd≈Zn > Pb > Cu > As.

scholarly journals Occurrence of rubidium and cesium in Iqe coal, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Evidence from sequential chemical extraction experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cunliang Zhao ◽  
Bangjun Liu ◽  
Jialiang Ma ◽  
Shiming Liu ◽  
Maksim G Blokhin
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Silicate Minerals ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
Extraction Experiment ◽  
Soluble Ion

The occurrence of Rb and Cs in coal samples from Iqe coalfield was analyzed by a sequential chemical extraction experiment. Five types of Rb and Cs were determined in the coal: water soluble, ion exchangeable, organic bonded, carbonate, and silicate. The results indicated that the occurrence of Cs is similar with Rb in coal, and nearly all Rb and Cs are distributed in silicate. The occurrence of Rb and Cs is most likely associated with silicate minerals in coal. With the high correlation between Rb, Cs, and K, and the high content of kaolinite and illite in these coal samples, it can be inferred that illite probably is the main carrier of Rb and Cs. Minor amounts of Rb and Cs may also be adsorbed by kaolinite in Iqe coal, and Cs may exist in other states, such as an exchangeable ion.

DETERMINATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN HUMAN SALIVA BY PIXE TECHNIQUE

1996 ◽  
Vol 06 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. HATAMI ◽  
H. PEYROVAN ◽  
H. AFARIDEH ◽  
S. SHOJAEI
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Element Concentration ◽  
Trace Element Concentration ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Pixe Analysis ◽  
X Ray

Mineral trace element concentration of human saliva from healthy volunteers, were investigated by Proton-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) analysis. The specimens were bombarded with Proton beams of 2 MeV from a Van de Graaff accelerator at NRC . The object of this measurement was to find a normal range of trace element concentration for Iranian people.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metal removal efficiencies by naturally fermented and a. niger fermented pineapple wastes from contaminated sewage sludge

2007 ◽  
pp. 429-438
Author(s):  
Dominica del Mundo Dacera ◽  
Sandhya Babel
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Heavy metals in sewage sludge can pose a long term environmental risk due to their toxicity,non-biodegradability and consequent persistence, This study assessed the efficiencies ofvarious organic extractants such as naturally fermented and A�pergillus niger (A. niger)fermented raw liquid from pineapple wastes, in the chemical extraction process, to extract Cr,Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn, from anaerobically digested sewage sludge in Thailand. Pineapple wastesare a good source of sugar and protein and have been utilized experimentally in theproduction of citric acid by fennentation with the fungus A. niger. Comparison of theextraction efficiencies of these extractants with commercial citric acid was also investigated attwo hours leaching time and pH 3 and greater. Results of the study revealed that at pHapproaching 4, A. niger fermented liquid seemed to exhibit the best removal efficiency forpractically all metals studied, attaining as much as 72% removal for Zn, 70% for Ni, 50% forCr and 37% for Cu, although effectivity of removal seemed to be less apparent for Pb. Themost readily solubilized metal seemed to be Zn with the most removal of 92% attained bynaturally fermented raw liquid, The effectivity of removal by A. niger fem1ented liquid maybe due to the presence of citric acid and other carboxylic acids as confirmed by the HPLC andIR studies of the fem1ented liquid, Moreover, variation in metal removal efficiencies may beattributed to the fonns of metals in the sludge, as evidenced by chemical speciation studiesusing sequential chemical extraction procedure, with metals predominantly in theexchangeable and oxidizable phases showing ease of leachability,

scholarly journals Geochemistry of elements associated with Late Permian coal in the Zhongliangshan mine, Chongqing, Southwest China

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1655-1673
Author(s):  
Shenjun Qin ◽  
Qingfeng Lu ◽  
Kang Gao ◽  
Penghui Bo ◽  
Shihao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
Modes Of Occurrence ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Permian Coal

The enrichment and geochemical significance of elements associated with Late Permian coals in Southwest China have always gained widespread interest in the field of coal geology. The present study focuses on the geochemical characterization of Late Permian coal in the Zhongliangshan mine. Twenty-three samples were collected from the K1a coal seam of the Zhongliangshan mine, and the major and trace elements in the coal were analyzed by using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The composition of minerals in the Zhongliangshan coal, and the modes of occurrence of coal-associated elements, especially those with elevated contents, were studied through a combination of microscopic analyses, X-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscope – energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. The minerals in coal mainly consist of kaolinite, pyrite, calcite, and quartz, as well as small amount of gypsum and anatase. Compared with the average elemental concentrations in world coal, the Zhongliangshan coal is enriched in Cr, and slightly enriched in Li, U, Sr, V and Ag. Combining the correlation analysis and sequential chemical extraction experiments, it can be inferred that many trace elements in the Zhongliangshan coal have both inorganic and organic affinities. The elements Cr, Li, and V mainly occur in clay minerals, and also are related to organic matter in the coal. Uranium presents firstly in the organic and then silicate states. Strontium shows multiple modes of occurrence including carbonate, silicate, and exchangeable ion states, and Ag primarily occurs in sulfides followed by silicates. The terrigenous debris input from the Emeishan basalt is the major reason for the enrichment of above elements in the Zhongliangshan coal.

scholarly journals Chromium Distribution, Leachability and Speciation in a Chrome Plating Site

Processes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Jiacong Sun ◽  
Yating Luo ◽  
Jien Ye ◽  
Chunhui Li ◽  
Jiyan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Leaching Toxicity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ecological Remediation ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) waste produced by chrome plating activities pollutes the surrounding environment and harms human health. However, information about the chromium (Cr) pollution characteristics of actual electroplating sites is still lacking. In this study, the concentration, leachability and speciation of Cr in soils from a typical chrome plating site were analyzed. Our results showed that this site was severely contaminated by Cr (7.2 to 7735.2 mg/kg) and Cr(VI) reached the mean concentration of 138.7 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Cr(VI) was related to the plating processes. Chrome plating and sewage treatment areas could be considered as the hot spots of contaminated sites. The vertical distribution of Cr(VI) was mainly affected by soil properties, where the loam layer retained and reduced a large amount of Cr(VI) due to its high content of iron minerals and finer particle fractions. Additionally, the chemical extraction results showed that Cr was mainly in non-residual fractions and the existence of Cr(VI) led to a high leaching toxicity based on the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) results. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed the speciation of Cr in the long-term contaminated soils. A large amount of Cr(VI) was reduced into Cr(III) and mainly existed as Cr(OH)3 and Cr2O3. Furthermore, Cr(VI) tended to precipitate as CaCrO4 and persisted in soils. Therefore, it is necessary to find appropriate strategies to remediate these contaminated soils. Overall, these findings strengthen our understanding of Cr(VI) behaviors and lay a foundation for the future pollution investigation, ecological remediation and risk assessment of sites contaminated by electroplating.

scholarly journals Nutrient minerals in commercially available bottled waters of Bangladesh: dietary implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
T Ahmed ◽  
KN Rashid ◽  
Md I Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Element Concentration ◽  
Trace Element Concentration ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Dietary Reference Intake ◽  
Dietary Requirements

This study assesses the quality of drinking water from commercially available bottled waters in Bangladesh in terms of nutrient minerals and estimates their contribution in fulfilling the dietary requirements from such minerals. Ca, Mg, Na, trace element concentration and other physical parameters of the various bottled waters were investigated and compared on 13 samples of major local and imported brands of bottled water collected from local markets. It was found that imported brands had significantly high levels of bicarbonates (245 to 485 mg/l) compared to local brands (12.27 to 86.87 mg/l). Imported brands also had distinctively high levels of calcium (average concentration108.56 mg/l) and magnesium (average concentration 18.49 mg/L) concentrations compared to local brands and can fulfil upto 19.8% and 16.6% of the calcium and magnesium dietary reference intake (DRI) requirement respectively (for an average male). The DRI fulfilment from local brands hardly exceeded 3.3% for calcium and 7.3% for magnesium. The lack of mineral in local brands can be attributed to inadequate mineral amendments after extensive demineralization treatment. This study suggests that most of the local brands of bottled water in the market,poor in mineral content, may have negative dietary implications for long term consumption.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(2), 111-120, 2016

Use of hydroxyapatite to reduce Cd pollution in agriculture soils for Chenopodium quinoa cultivation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Arenas Lago ◽  
Ruben Forján Castro ◽  
Erika S Santos ◽  
Diego Arán ◽  
Manuel Arias Estévez
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction

<p>Cadmium is a metal distributed in low concentrations in the environment without biological function, but it can be toxic at high concentration for plants, animals, and/or humans. This element is one of the major soil pollutant, with high mobility and availability under the conditions of many agricultural soils. The use of nanoremediation techniques can be an effective solution for the in situ recovery of contaminated soils with Cd, although the existing information about the consequences of using nanoparticles in soils is still very scarce. In this context. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles can be an effective amendment for remediation of soils. Quinoa (<em>Chenopodium quinoa</em> Will) is a seed-producing crop that has been cultivated in the Andes for several thousand years but with a good adaptation to different climatic conditions. Currently, quinoa is an emerging multipurpose crop in other parts of the world, due to its high nutritional potential for both human food and animal feedstock and a good alternative to cereals, leading to significant demand and, consequently, cultivation. In this study, we investigated the capacity of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles for recovering artificially contaminated soils with Cd where grown quinoa. For this, seeds of <em>C. quinoa</em> were sown in two different soil (Arenosol and Anthrosol) artificially contaminated with Cd<sup>2+ </sup>(0; 5, 25 and 50 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>) and amended or not with 1% (w/w) of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. The pot assay was carried out under controlled conditions and in a greenhouse for three months. Initial soils were characterized physicochemically and at the end of the assay multielemental concentrations were determined in soil (total and available fraction and plants (shoots). Germination rate, shoot height and dry biomass were measured, as well as pigments, glutathione, ascorbate and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> contents were analysed in plant shoots in order to evaluate plant development and their physiological status. In parallel, a sequential chemical extraction was carried out to determine the Cd distribution in the different geochemical soil phases. Preliminary results indicated that hydroxyapatite nanoparticles have a high capacity to retain Cd. These nanoparticles seem to favour <em>C. quinoa</em> growth even with the highest concentration of Cd added. Therefore, this study will serve as a basis for further scientific research on the potential use of hydroxyapatite in agriculture soils with different characteristics and Cd problems for secure C. quinoa cultivation.</p><p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p><p>This research and postdoc contract from Arenas-Lago D. was supported by the project ED481D 2019/007 (Xunta de Galicia), and Portuguese funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the scope of the project UID/AGR/04129/2020 (LEAF).</p>

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