scholarly journals Needle-Free Electroacupuncture for Postoperative Pain Management

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lee ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Jaung-Geng Lin ◽  
Kerry Watson ◽  
Rick Sai Chuen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Postoperative Pain Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Stimulation Group

This study examined the effects of needle-free electroacupuncture, at ST36 on postoperative pain following hysterectomy. Based on a double-blind, sham, and different intervention controlled clinical experimental design, 47 women were randomly allocated to four different groups. Except for those in the control group (Group 1,n=13), a course of treatment was given of either sham (Group 2,n=12), high-frequency stimulation (Group 3,n=12), or low-frequency stimulation (Group 4,n=10). All groups were assessed during the postoperative period for 24 hours. The Visual Analogue Scale was used to determine the amount of perceived pain felt by each subject. Differences were found between the means postoperatively at three, four, eight, 16, and 24 hours. Post hoc comparison tests indicated that Group 4 was significantly different from Groups 1, 2, and 3 at 24 hours. A one-way ANOVA analysis for total patient-controlled analgesia demand and doses indicated significant differences between the groupsF(3,42)=3.59,P<.05. Post hoc analysis confirmed the differences between Groups 1 (M=84.54) and 4 (M=41.60). Treatment outcomes of this therapy showed a positive effect for the management of postoperative pain.

scholarly journals Serendipitous Stimulation of Nucleus Basalis of Meynert—The Effect of Unintentional, Long-Term High-Frequency Stimulation on Cognition in Parkinson’s Disease

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
I. Daria Bogdan ◽  
D. L. Marinus Oterdoom ◽  
Teus van Laar ◽  
Rients B. Huitema ◽  
Vincent J. Odekerken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Nucleus Basalis ◽  
Nucleus Basalis Of Meynert ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Internal Globus Pallidus ◽  
Frequency Stimulation

There is a growing interest in deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) as a potential therapeutic modality for Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD). Low-frequency stimulation has yielded encouraging results in individual patients; however, these are not yet sustained in larger studies. With the aim to expand the understanding of NBM-DBS, we share our experience with serendipitous NBM-DBS in patients treated with DBS of the internal Globus pallidus (GPi) for Parkinson’s disease. Since NBM is anatomically located ventral to GPi, several GPi-treated patients appeared to have the distal contact of DBS-electrode(s) positioned in the NBM. We hypothesized that unintentional high-frequency NBM-DBS over a period of one year would result in the opposite effect of low-frequency NBM-stimulation and cause cognitive decline. We studied a cohort of 33 patients with bilateral high-frequency DBS in the GPi for Parkinson’s disease, of which twelve were unintentionally co-stimulated in NBM. The subgroups of unintentional unilateral (N = 7) and bilateral NBM-DBS (N = 5) were compared to the control group of bilateral GPi-DBS (N = 11). Here, we show that unintentional high-frequency NBM-DBS did not cause a significantly faster decline in cognitive function. Further research is warranted for characterizing the therapeutic role of NBM-DBS.

Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupuncture Point Stimulation at Different Frequencies in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangdi Yu ◽  
Fangxiang Zhang ◽  
Bingning Chen
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electrical Acupuncture ◽  
Frequency Stimulation

Background Acupuncture and related techniques are used worldwide to alleviate pain; however, their mechanisms of action are still not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupuncture point stimulation (TEAS) at different frequencies in a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain in rats. Methods CCI was induced by ligating the common sciatic nerve, which produced neuropathic pain. 18 male Sprague–Dawley rats with CCI were randomly divided into three groups (n=6 each) that remained untreated (CCI group) or received TEAS at high frequency (CCI+TEAS-H group) or TEAS at low frequency (CCI+TEAS-L group). Rats in the CCI+TEAS-H group received high frequency stimulation (6–9 mA, 100 Hz) at GB34/GV26/ST36; those in the CCI+TEAS-L group received low frequency stimulation (6–9 mA, 2 Hz) at the same points. Rats in the control group had the same electrodes applied but received no stimulation. All three groups were subjected to behavioural studies after treatment. Expression of μ opioid receptors (MORs) in the L3–L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was determined by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting after treatment. Results Compared with the untreated CCI group, both mechanical allodynia and thermal hypergesia were significantly attenuated, and MOR expression in the DRG was significantly increased by low frequency TEAS treatment at GB34/GV26/ST36 (p<0.05). In contrast, no significant differences were observed between the CCI and CCI+TEAS-H groups. Conclusions The use of low frequency TEAS significantly mitigated neuropathic pain in this rat model, and its analgesic effect is likely mediated by upregulation of MOR expression in the DRG.

scholarly journals MONOSYNAPTIC REFLEX RESPONSE OF INDIVIDUAL MOTONEURONS AS A FUNCTION OF FREQUENCY

1957 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. C. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Temporal Summation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Stimulation Frequency ◽  
Monosynaptic Reflex ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Frequency Of Stimulation

An assemblage of individual motoneurons constituting a synthetic motoneuron pool has been studied from the standpoint of relating monosynaptic reflex responses to frequency of afferent stimulation. Intensity of low frequency depression is not a simple function of transmitter potentiality. As frequency of stimulation increases from 3 per minute to 10 per second, low frequency depression increases in magnitude. Between 10 and approximately 60 per second low frequency depression apparently diminishes and subnormality becomes a factor in causing depression. At frequencies above 60 per second temporal summation occurs, but subnormality limits the degree of response attainable by summation. At low stimulation frequencies rhythm is determined by stimulation frequency. Interruptions of rhythmic firing depend solely upon temporal fluctuation of excitability. At high frequency of stimulation rhythm is determined by subnormality rather than inherent rhythmicity, and excitability fluctuation leads to instability of response rhythm. In short, whatever the stimulation frequency, random excitability fluctuation is the factor disrupting rhythmic response. Monosynaptic reflex response latency is stable during high frequency stimulation as it is in low frequency stimulation provided a significant extrinsic source of random bombardment is not present. In the presence of powerful random bombardment discharge may become random with respect to monosynaptic afferent excitation provided the latter is feeble. When this occurs it does so equally at low frequency and high frequency. Thus temporal summation is not a necessary factor. There is, then, no remaining evidence to suggest that the agency for temporal summation in the monosynaptic system becomes a transmitting agency in its own right.

scholarly journals Ultrasound-Guided Funicular Block: Ropivacaine Injection into the Tissue around the Spermatic Cord to Improve Analgesia during Orchiectomy in Dogs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1275
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Cicirelli ◽  
Pasquale Debidda ◽  
Nicola Maggio ◽  
Michele Caira ◽  
Giovanni M. Lacalandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Spermatic Cord ◽  
Postoperative Pain Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Hemodynamic Stability ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Ropivacaine Hydrochloride

Orchiectomy is a common surgical procedure performed on small animals, and it requires postoperative pain management despite its relative simplicity. This study aimed to evaluate the hemodynamic stability, intraoperative administration of additional hypnotic and/or analgesic drugs, and postoperative pain scores following the combination of ultrasound-guided injection of ropivacaine hydrochloride into the spermatic cord and infiltration by the same anaesthetic of the incisional prescrotal line (ROP) or general anaesthesia. Dogs in the ROP group showed greater intraoperative hemodynamic stability and lower pain scores than the control group. The locoregional approach used in this study proved effective in minimising the responses to the surgical stimulus and ensured adequate analgesia intra- and postoperatively. This method, called ultrasound-guided funicular block, allows orchiectomy to be performed under deep sedation without general anaesthesia.

scholarly journals Effects of Personal Low-Frequency Stimulation Device on Myalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Yong-Soon Yoon ◽  
Myoung-Hwan Ko ◽  
Il-Young Cho ◽  
Cheol-Su Kim ◽  
Johny Bajgai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Low Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Frequency Stimulation

Electrotherapy is commonly used for myalgia alleviation. Low-frequency stimulation (LFS) is primarily used for controlling acute and chronic pain and is a non-invasive therapy that can be easily performed with electric stimulation applied on the skin. However, little evidence exists regarding the pain alleviation effects of personal low-frequency stimulation device for home use. Moreover, no studies have compared myalgia alleviation effects between personal low-frequency stimulation (PLS) and physical therapy (PT), which are most commonly used for patients with myalgia in hospitals and clinics. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the pain alleviation effects of PLS in patients with myalgia and compare these effects with those of conventional PT (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation + ultrasound). In total, 39 patients with myalgia in the neck, shoulder, back, and waist areas were randomly assigned to the personal low-frequency stimulation group (PLSG: n = 20) and physical therapy group (PTG: n = 19). Both groups were treated for 3 weeks (20 min per session and 5 sessions per week). Patients were assessed for pain intensity by surface electromyography (sEMG), visual analogue scale (VAS) and a short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ) before and after the intervention period. Our results showed that PLSG showed a tendency of muscle relaxation with a significant decrease in sEMG in the neck (p = 0.0425), shoulder (p = 0.0425), and back (p = 0.0046) areas compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference in waist area. Additionally, VAS scores significantly decreased between pre- and post-treatment in both PTG (p = 0.0098), and PLSG (p = 0.0304) groups, but there was no significance difference between the groups. With respect to SF-MPQ, the PLSG showed greater pain alleviation (5.23 ± 0.25) effects than the PTG (6.23 ± 0.25). Accordingly, our results suggest that PLS treatment using a home device might offer positive assistance in pain alleviation for patients with myalgia that is as equally effective as conventional PT treatment. However, further detailed studies are required considering larger samples to fully claim the effectiveness of this device.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of postoperative pain intensity after single-visit and multiple-visit retreatment cases: a prospective randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Miray Uyan ◽  
Keziban Olcay ◽  
Mutlu Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Single Visit ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Multiple Visit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> This study was designed to evaluate postoperative pain after endodontic retreatment. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Asymptomatic, multi-rooted molar &amp; premolar teeth requiring retreatment with 2–5 mm periapical lesions were included. Seventy-eight teeth were randomly placed in four groups (n=20): single-visit (control, group 1), Ledermix (group 2), metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, minocycline mixture (group 3), calcium hydroxide (group 4). The postoperative pain was recorded using a VAS at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after retreatment. Statistical evaluation was performed using Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA and Tukey test. <strong>Results:</strong> Mild pain occurred in 67.5%, moderate in 30%, and flare-ups in 2.5%, and there was a significant difference between the groups (p&lt;0.01). Significantly lower postoperative pain was observed in TAP and CaOH<sub>2 </sub>groups(p&lt;0.05). In the 6, 12, and 24 h intervals, there was a significant difference in the pain levels (p&lt;0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> TAP and CaOH<sub>2</sub> are effective for reducing postoperative pain after retreatment.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Intracanal medicaments; Multiple-visit; Postoperative pain; Retreatment; Single-visit.</p>

Femoral circulatory responses to lumbar nerve stimulation in developing swine

1981 ◽  
Vol 240 (4) ◽  
pp. H505-H510
Author(s):  
N. M. Buckley ◽  
P. Brazeau ◽  
I. D. Frasier ◽  
P. M. Gootman
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Aortic Pressure ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Pentobarbital Sodium Anesthesia ◽  
Carotid Arterial ◽  
Mean Aortic Pressure

The maturation of femoral circulatory responses to efferent lumbar nerve stimulation was tested in 51 developing swine (1 day-3 mo old) under pentobarbital sodium anesthesia (10-30 mg/kg). Aortic pressure, heart rate, and femoral and carotid arterial flows (measured by electromagnetic flow transducers) were recorded simultaneously. Femoral vascular resistance was calculated as mean aortic pressure/mean flow. Transection of the lumbar nerve fibers below the last ganglion in the sympathetic chain did not after femoral resistance in day-old animals but decreased femoral resistance in swine 1 wk of age and older. Efferent lumbar nerve stimulation at various combinations of frequencies and intensities revealed an atropine-blockable vasodilator component in the femoral circulatory response in swine 1 mo of age and older. After alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade with phentolamine (0.25 or 0.5 mg/kg), femoral vasodilation occurred during low-frequency and -intensity stimulation of the lumbar nerve only in animals 1 mo of age and older. Acetylcholine (2 micrograms ia) caused a decrease in femoral resistance at all ages. Vasoconstrictor effects of high-frequency stimulation (5-10 Hz) were present at all ages and were age dependent. The results of these experiments suggest that the femoral circulation in swine at birth in innervated by functionally active vasoconstrictor fibers, which do not provide a tonic influence on femoral resistance until late in the first postnatal week. Furthermore, although femoral vascular cholinergic receptors are demonstrable at birth, there appears to be a delay in the maturation of functionally active vasodilator fibers.

Diaphragm fatigue induced by inspiratory resistive loading in spontaneously breathing rabbits

1985 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1527-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Aldrich ◽  
D. Appel
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Respiratory Acidosis ◽  
High Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Low Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Resistive Loading ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Spontaneously Breathing ◽  
Diaphragm Fatigue

Diaphragmatic contractility was assessed in spontaneously breathing ketamine-anesthetized rabbits by measuring the strength of diaphragmatic contraction in response to bilateral supramaximal phrenic nerve stimulation at frequencies between 10 and 100 Hz. During 10–180 min of inspiratory resistive loading, contractility decreased by approximately 40%, and hypoxemia and both respiratory and lactic acidosis developed. After 10 min of recovery, both the response to high-frequency stimulation (100 Hz) and the arterial PO2 and PCO2 returned to base-line levels, whereas metabolic acidosis and reduced response to low-frequency stimulation (10–20 Hz) persisted. Similar levels of hypoxemia and respiratory acidosis in the absence of inspiratory resistive loading did not alter diaphragmatic contractility. We conclude that in anesthetized rabbits excessive inspiratory resistive loading results in partially reversible diaphragm fatigue of the high- and low-frequency types, accompanied by hypoventilation and lactic acidosis.

scholarly journals The effect of cannabidiol (CBD) on low-frequency activity and functional connectivity in the brain of adults with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1141-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte M Pretzsch ◽  
Bogdan Voinescu ◽  
Maria A Mendez ◽  
Robert Wichers ◽  
Laura Ajram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Drug Challenge ◽  
The Right ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: The potential benefits of cannabis and its major non-intoxicating component cannabidiol (CBD) are attracting attention, including as a potential treatment in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the neural action of CBD, and its relevance to ASD, remains unclear. We and others have previously shown that response to drug challenge can be measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but that pharmacological responsivity is atypical in ASD. Aims: We hypothesized that there would be a (different) fMRI response to CBD in ASD. Methods: To test this, task-free fMRI was acquired in 34 healthy men (half with ASD) following oral administration of 600 mg CBD or matched placebo (random order; double-blind administration). The ‘fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations’ (fALFF) was measured across the whole brain, and, where CBD significantly altered fALFF, we tested if functional connectivity (FC) of those regions was also affected by CBD. Results: CBD significantly increased fALFF in the cerebellar vermis and the right fusiform gyrus. However, post-hoc within-group analyses revealed that this effect was primarily driven by the ASD group, with no significant change in controls. Within the ASD group only, CBD also significantly altered vermal FC with several of its subcortical (striatal) and cortical targets, but did not affect fusiform FC with other regions in either group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that, especially in ASD, CBD alters regional fALFF and FC in/between regions consistently implicated in ASD. Future studies should examine if this affects the complex behaviours these regions modulate.

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