Ion Chromatography Based Urine Amino Acid Profiling Applied for Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer

Aim. Amino acid metabolism in cancer patients differs from that in healthy people. In the study, we performed urine-free amino acid profile of gastric cancer at different stages and health subjects to explore potential biomarkers for diagnosing or screening gastric cancer.Methods. Forty three urine samples were collected from inpatients and healthy adults who were divided into 4 groups. Healthy adults were in group A (n=15), early gastric cancer inpatients in group B (n=7), and advanced gastric cancer inpatients in group C (n=16); in addition, two healthy adults and three advanced gastric cancer inpatients were in group D (n=5) to test models. We performed urine amino acids profile of each group by applying ion chromatography (IC) technique and analyzed urine amino acids according to chromatogram of amino acids standard solution. The data we obtained were processed with statistical analysis. A diagnostic model was constructed to discriminate gastric cancer from healthy individuals and another diagnostic model for clinical staging by principal component analysis. Differentiation performance was validated by the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results. The urine-free amino acid profile of gastric cancer patients changed to a certain degree compared with that of healthy adults. Compared with healthy adult group, the levels of valine, isoleucine, and leucine increased (P<0.05), but the levels of histidine and methionine decreased (P<0.05), and aspartate decreased significantly (P<0.01). The urine amino acid profile was also different between early and advanced gastric cancer groups. Compared with early gastric cancer, the levels of isoleucine and valine decreased in advanced gastric cancer (P<0.05). A diagnosis model constructed for gastric cancer with AUC value of 0.936 tested by group D showed that 4 samples could coincide with it. Another diagnosis model for clinical staging with an AUC value of 0.902 tested by 3 advanced gastric cancer inpatients of group D showed that all could coincide with the model.Conclusions. The noticeable differences of urine-free amino acid profiles between gastric cancer patients and healthy adults indicate that such amino acids as valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, histidine and aspartate are important metabolites in cell multiplication and gene expression during tumor growth and metastatic process. The study suggests that urine-free amino acid profiling is of potential value for screening or diagnosing gastric cancer.

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Clinical correlation of plasma amino acid profile of post-surgical gastric cancer patients and metastatic gastric cancer patients for establishing biomarker of metastasis

RAS Oncology & Therapy ◽

10.51520/2766-2586-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Samim Akhtar ◽

Zhenhua Wang ◽

Abhishek Chaturbedi ◽

Xiaoyu Wang ◽

Fangzheng Sun

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Free Amino ◽

Metastatic Gastric Cancer ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Clinical Correlation ◽

Prediction Of Metastasis ◽

Gastric Cancer Patients

Objectives: This research is aimed to evaluate plasma free amino acid in gastric cancer patients without metastasis (early gastric cancer post gastrectomy) and with metastasis (advanced gastric cancer). Amino acids level of postoperative gastric cancer (M0) patients are compared with metastatic gastric cancer (M1) patients in search of biomarker which can predict the metastasis of gastric cancer. We have made clinical correlation of patients’ vital signs, respiratory rate, pulse rate, blood pressure, body temperature, disease stages, chief complaints, complications and survival curve within light of metastatic and nonmetastatic domain. Background: Majority of cancer patients are diagnosed after seeding of metastatic cells to adjacent organs and distant sites. At this point, treatment is palliative and supportive. The cellular propagation of cancer cells and tumor micro-environment plays vital role in genesis of gastric cancer. Genetic alteration leading to faulty nucleotides to amino acids, then to protein, and finally formation of tumor is the natural sequence of pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Prediction of metastasis by use of plasma free amino acid profile may be of great significance because it will help to tailor the patient specific cancer treatment. Plasma Amino acids are ideal for being developed as tool for prediction of metastasis as they are affordable, less expensive and convenient. Method: This study includes total 54 patients, among which 27 had metastasis of Gastric cancer and rest 27 had undergone gastric surgery at early stage with no recurrence at the time of the study. Twenty-three amino acids were studied. Student’s t test was performed to find out statistically significant values of amino acids. The p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Amino acids with significant p values were investigated with multivariate logistic regression. Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS DA) was done using Microsoft SPSS 23 version software®. Variable Importance of Projection (VIP) was estimated, values ≥ 1 was considered statistically significant. Result: Performance Score (PS) (p= 0.004) and Body Mass Index (BMI) (p= 0.035) were statistically significant between M0 and M1 groups. Staging (I, II vs. III, IV) (p< 0.001) was significant. Seven amino acids, Asp, Cys, Hcy, His, Leu, Orn and Ser were significant between M0 and M1 in first month evaluation. Eight amino acids, Cys, Hcy, His, Leu, Met, Thr, Trp and Tyr were significant between M0 and M1 in sixth month evaluation. PLS DA regression analysis, VIP test showed Cys, Ser, Hcy, Thr, His, Met, Tyr, Trp to be more important amino acids of significance. Kaplan Meier Overall Survival (OS) = 34.979 months. Mean survival time in M0 was 43.53± 1.741 months. Mean survival in M1 was 26.29± 2.635 months. Conclusion: We found BMI and PS as most important variables in defining and determining the disease status of gastric cancer patients. Nutrition and physical activity is very much characteristic of disease outcome from a physician’s perspective. This study propounds amino acids can be valuable biomarkers of predictive and prognostic importance in metastasis in gastric cancer patients.

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Plasma-Free Amino Acid Profiling of Nasal Polyposis Patients

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207322666190920110324 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 657-662 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mustafa Celik ◽

Alper Şen ◽

İsmail Koyuncu ◽

Ataman Gönel

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino ◽

Nasal Polyposis ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Healthy Control Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Control ◽

History Of

Aim and Objective:: To determine the mechanisms present in the etiopathogenesis of nasal polyposis. It is not clear whether amino acids contribute in a causal way to the development of the disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the plasma-free amino acid profile in patients with nasal polyposis and to compare the results with a healthy control group. Materials and Methods:: This was a prospective controlled study that took place in the Otolaryngology Department at the Harran University Faculty of Medicine between April 2017 and April 2018. Plasmafree amino acid profile levels were studied in serum samples taken from a patient group and a healthy control group. Patients who were diagnosed with bilateral diffuse nasal polyposis and were scheduled for surgical interventions were included in this study. Individuals whose age, gender, and body mass index values were compatible with that of the patient group and who did not have any health problems were included in the control group. All the participants whose levels of plasma-free amino acid were thought to be affected by one or more of the following factors were excluded from the study: smoking and alcohol use, allergic rhinitis presence, the presence of acute or chronic sinusitis, a history of endoscopic sinus surgery, unilateral nasal masses, a history of chronic drug use, systemic or topical steroid use in the last three months for any reason, and liver, kidney, hematological, cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological, or psychiatric disorders or malignancies. Results: In patients with nasal polyposis, 3-methyl histidine (3-MHIS: nasal polyposis group (ng) = 3.22 (1.92 – 6.07); control group (cg) = 1.21 (0.77 – 1.68); p = 0.001); arginine (arg: ng = 98.95 (70.81 – 117.75); cg = 75.10 (54.49 – 79.88); p = 0.005); asparagine (asn: ng = 79.84 (57.50 – 101.44); cg = 60.66 (46.39 – 74.62); p = 0.021); citrulline (cit: ng = 51.83 (43.81 – 59.78); cg = 38.33 (27.81 – 53.73); p = 0.038); cystine (cys: ng = 4.29 (2.43 – 6.66); cg = 2.41 (1.51 – 4.16); p = 0.019); glutamic acid (glu: ng = 234.86 (128.75 – 286.66); cg = 152.37 (122.51 – 188.34); p = 0.045); histidine (his: ng = 94.19 (79.34 – 113.99); cg = 74.80 (62.76 – 98.91); p = 0.018); lysine (lys: ng = 297.22 (206.55 – 371.25); cg = 179.50 (151.58 – 238.02); p = 0.001); ornithine (ng = 160.62 (128.36 – 189.32); cg = 115.91 (97.03 – 159.91); p = 0.019); serine (ser: ng = 195.15 (151.58 – 253.07); cg = 83.07 (67.44 – 92.44); p = 0.001); taurine (tau: ng = 74.69 (47.00 – 112.13); cg = 53.14 (33.57 – 67.31); p = 0.006); tryptophan (trp: ng = 52.31 (33.81 – 80.11); cg = 34.44 (25.94 – 43.07); p = 0.005), homocitrulline (ng = 1.75 (1.27 – 2.59); cg = 0.00 (0.00 – 0.53); p = 0.001); norvaline (ng = 6.90 (5.61 – 9.18); cg = 4.93 (3.74 – 7.13); p = 0.021); argininosuccinic acid (ng = 14.33 (10.06 – 25.65); cg = 12.22 (5.77 – 16.87) p = 0.046); and plasma concentrations were significantly higher than in the healthy control group (p <0.05). However, the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba: ng = 0.16 (0.10 – 0.24); cg = 0.21 (0.19 – 0.29); p = 0.010) plasma concentration was significantly lower in the nasal polyposis group than in the healthy control group. Conclusion: In this study, plasma levels of 15 free amino acids were significantly higher in the nasal polyposis group than in the healthy control group. A plasma level of 1 free amino acid was found to be significantly lower in the nasal polyposis group compared to the healthy control group. Therefore, it is important to determine the possibility of using the information obtained to prevent the recurrence of the condition and to develop effective treatment strategies. This study may be a milestone for studies of this subject. However, this study needs to be confirmed by further studies conducted in a larger series.

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Effect of Different Edaphic Crop Conditions on the Free Amino Acid Profile of PH-16 Dry Cacao Beans

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11081637 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1637

Author(s):

Quintino Reis de Araujo ◽

Guilherme Amorim Homem de Abreu Loureiro ◽

Cid Edson Mendonça Póvoas ◽

Douglas Steinmacher ◽

Stephane Sacramento de Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Glutamic Acid ◽

Free Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Principal Component ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽

Significant Difference

Free amino acids in cacao beans are important precursors to the aroma and flavor of chocolate. In this research, we used inferential and explanatory statistical techniques to verify the effect of different edaphic crop conditions on the free amino acid profile of PH-16 dry cacao beans. The decreasing order of free amino acids in PH-16 dry cacao beans is leucine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, alanine, asparagine, tyrosine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, valine, isoleucine, glutamine, lysine, aspartic acid, serine, tryptophan, threonine, glycine. With the exception of lysine, no other free amino acid showed a significant difference between means of different edaphic conditions under the ANOVA F-test. The hydrophobic free amino acids provided the largest contribution to the explained variance with 58.01% of the first dimension of the principal component analysis. Glutamic acid stands out in the second dimension with 13.09%. Due to the stability of the biochemical profile of free amino acids in this clonal variety, it is recommended that cacao producers consider the genotype as the primary source of variation in the quality of cacao beans and ultimately the chocolate to be produced.

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Free Amino Acid Profiles of Macedonian White Brined Cheese

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2021.23359 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (12) ◽

pp. 2989-2992

Author(s):

Borche Makarijoski ◽

Gordana Dimitrovska ◽

Vesna K. Hristova ◽

Elena Joshevska ◽

Mahmoud A. Abdelaziz Mahmoud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino Acid ◽

Acid Concentration ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Amino Acid Concentration ◽

Amino Acid Profiles ◽

Parameter Values

The present work is focussed to determine the Macedonian white brined cheese’s free amino acid profile. Four variants of the Macedonian white brined cheese to analyze and determine free amino acid concentration; cheese samples define the Macedonian white brined cheese as a typical cheese. All free amino acids were specified, except the amino acid tyrosine. The detected amino acids in the tested cheese variants were present in different but approximate parameter values. The estimated essential free amino acids, the concentration of lysine was found highest in all examined samples with values from 26.40 ± 0.02 mg% to 28.20 ± 0.04 mg% and the concentration of threonine was the lowest from 3.19 ± 0.02 mg% to 3.32 ± 0.02 mg%). In the detected unessential free amino acids, the concentration of aspartic amino acid was highest in all the samples with values from 11.02 ± 0.05 mg% to 11.32 ± 0.03 mg% and the concentration of proline was at the lowest level from 4.16 ± 0.06 mg% to 4.22 ± 0.04 mg%.

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Plasma free amino acid profile in cancer patients

Seminars in Cancer Biology ◽

10.1016/j.semcancer.2005.04.003 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 267-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 102

Author(s):

Hong-Shiee Lai ◽

Jenq-Chang Lee ◽

Po-Huang Lee ◽

Shan-Tair Wang ◽

Wei-Jao Chen

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino Acid ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Free Amino ◽

Amino Acid Profile

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Comprehensive Phenolic and Free Amino Acid Analysis of Rosemary Infusions: Influence on the Antioxidant Potential

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10030500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 500

Author(s):

Juliana A. Barreto Peixoto ◽

Gerardo Álvarez-Rivera ◽

Rita C. Alves ◽

Anabela S. G. Costa ◽

Susana Machado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino Acids ◽

Free Amino ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

The Body ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Antioxidant Power

The phenolics profile, free amino acids composition, and antioxidant potential of rosemary infusions were studied. Forty-four compounds belonging to nine different groups (hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, flavones, phenolic diterpenes, hydroxybenzaldehydes, coumarins, and pyranochromanones) were identified by UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS. Of these, seven were firstly described in rosemary infusions: a rosmanol derivative, two dihydroxycoumarin hexosides, a hydroxybenzaldehyde, a dihydroxybenzoic acid hexoside, coumaric acid hexoside, and isocalolongic acid. The free amino acid profile of the beverages was also reported by the first time with seven amino acids found (asparagine, threonine, alanine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, and proline). Furthermore, DPPH• scavenging ability, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity, as well as total phenolics and flavonoids contents, were assessed. Overall, rosemary infusions showed to be a very good source of antioxidants. A 200 mL cup of this infusion contributes to the ingestion of ~30 mg of phenolic compounds and about 0.5–1.1 μg of free amino acids. This type of beverages may present a positive impact on the maintenance of the body antioxidant status and contribute to the prevention of oxidative stress related diseases.

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Tronchuda cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. costata DC) leaf free amino acid profile

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0028-1084544 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 74 (09) ◽

Author(s):

BM Silva ◽

AP Oliveira ◽

DM Pereira ◽

C Sousa ◽

RM Seabra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Free Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Tronchuda Cabbage ◽

Brassica Oleracea L

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Evaluation of seed amino acid content and its correlation network analysis in wild soybean (Glycine soja) germplasm in Japan

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262121000071 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 35-43

Author(s):

Awatsaya Chotekajorn ◽

Takuyu Hashiguchi ◽

Masatsugu Hashiguchi ◽

Hidenori Tanaka ◽

Ryo Akashi

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Free Amino Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Free Amino ◽

Glycine Soja ◽

Wild Soybean ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Free Amino Acid Content

AbstractWild soybean (Glycine soja) is a valuable genetic resource for soybean improvement. Seed composition profiles provide beneficial information for the effective conservation and utilization of wild soybeans. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the variation in free amino acid abundance in the seeds of wild soybean germplasm collected in Japan. The free amino acid content in the seeds from 316 accessions of wild soybean ranged from 0.965 to 5.987 mg/g seed dry weight (DW), representing a 6.2-fold difference. Three amino acids had the highest coefficient of variation (CV): asparagine (1.15), histidine (0.95) and glutamine (0.94). Arginine (0.775 mg/g DW) was the predominant amino acid in wild soybean seeds, whereas the least abundant seed amino acid was glutamine (0.008 mg/g DW). A correlation network revealed significant positive relationships among most amino acids. Wild soybean seeds from different regions of origin had significantly different levels of several amino acids. In addition, a significant correlation between latitude and longitude of the collection sites and the total free amino acid content of seeds was observed. Our study reports diverse phenotypic data on the free amino acid content in seeds of wild soybean resources collected from throughout Japan. This information will be useful in conservation programmes for Japanese wild soybean and for the selection of accessions with favourable characteristics in future legume crop improvement efforts.

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