scholarly journals Resveratrol Produces Neurotrophic Effects on Cultured Dopaminergic Neurons through Prompting Astroglial BDNF and GDNF Release

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Yan-Ying Wang ◽  
Hang Liu ◽  
Yuan-Fu Lu ◽  
Qin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Enriched Cultures

Increasing evidence indicated astroglia-derived neurotrophic factors generation might hold a promising therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Resveratrol, naturally present in red wine and grapes with potential benefit for health, is well known to possess a number of pharmacological activities. Besides the antineuroinflammatory properties, we hypothesized the neuroprotective potency of resveratrol is partially due to its additional neurotrophic effects. Here, primary rat midbrain neuron-glia cultures were applied to investigate the neurotrophic effects mediated by resveratrol on dopamine (DA) neurons and further explore the role of neurotrophic factors in its actions. Results showed resveratrol produced neurotrophic effects on cultured DA neurons. Additionally, astroglia-derived neurotrophic factors release was responsible for resveratrol-mediated neurotrophic properties as evidenced by the following observations: (1) resveratrol failed to exert neurotrophic effects on DA neurons in the cultures without astroglia; (2) the astroglia-conditioned medium prepared from astroglia-enriched cultures treated with resveratrol produced neurotrophic effects in neuron-enriched cultures; (3) resveratrol increased neurotrophic factors release in the concentration- and time-dependent manners; (4) resveratrol-mediated neurotrophic effects were suppressed by blocking the action of the neurotrophic factors. Together, resveratrol could produce neurotrophic effects on DA neurons through prompting neurotrophic factors release, and these effects might open new alternative avenues for neurotrophic factor-based therapy targeting PD.

scholarly journals Viral vector delivery of neurotrophic factors for Parkinson's disease therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Kelly ◽  
Gerard W. O'Keeffe ◽  
Aideen M. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
The Brain

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, which causes motor impairments. Current treatments involve dopamine replacement to address the disease symptoms rather than its cause. Factors that promote the survival of dopaminergic neurons have been proposed as novel therapies for PD. Several dopaminergic neurotrophic factors (NTFs) have been examined for their ability to protect and/or restore degenerating dopaminergic neurons, both in animal models and in clinical trials. These include glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, neurturin, cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor and growth/differentiation factor 5. Delivery of these NTFs via injection or infusion to the brain raises several practical problems. A new delivery approach for NTFs involves the use of recombinant viral vectors to enable long-term expression of these factors in brain cells. Vectors used include those based on adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses and lentiviruses. Here we review progress to date on the potential of each of these four NTFs as novel therapeutic strategies for PD, as well as the challenges that have arisen, from pre-clinical analysis to clinical trials. We conclude by discussing recently-developed approaches to optimise the delivery of NTF-carrying viral vectors to the brain.

Role of glial cell derived neurotrophic factor in the protective effect of smilagenin on rat mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons damaged by MPP+

FEBS Letters ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 582 (6) ◽  
pp. 956-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfang Zhang ◽  
Zongqin Xia ◽  
Yaer Hu ◽  
Antonia Orsi ◽  
Daryl Rees
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons

Comparison of Cytocidal Activities of L-DOPA and Dopamine in S. cerevisiae and C. glabrata

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Carmen E. Iriarte ◽  
Ian G. Macreadie
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
The Brain

Background: Parkinson's Disease results from a loss of dopaminergic neurons, and reduced levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Parkinson's Disease treatments involve increasing dopamine levels through administration of L-DOPA, which can cross the blood brain barrier and be converted to dopamine in the brain. The toxicity of dopamine has previously studied but there has been little study of L-DOPA toxicity. Methods: We have compared the toxicity of dopamine and L-DOPA in the yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida glabrata by cell viability assays, measuring colony forming units. Results: L-DOPA and dopamine caused time-dependent cell killing in Candida glabrata while only dopamine caused such effects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The toxicity of L-DOPA is much lower than dopamine. Conclusion: Candida glabrata exhibits high sensitivity to L-DOPA and may have advantages for studying the cytotoxicity of L-DOPA.

Therapeutic role of vegetables in Respiratory Diseases – A critical review from Ayurvedic classics.

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Raghavendra Naik ◽  
Shweta Vekariya ◽  
R. N. Acharya ◽  
Sneha D. Borkar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The Family

The concept of Pathya (wholesome diet) is an unique contribution of Ayurveda, which plays an important role in prevention and management of many diseases. “Shakavarga”, a category under dietetics in classical texts of Ayurveda enlisted different vegetables with their properties and indications in different disease conditions. These vegetables can be prescribed as Pathya (wholesome diet) in clinical practice. In the present review, plants described under Shakavarga, indicated as Pathya in different diseases related to Pranavaha Srotas (Respiratory system) were compiled from 15 different Ayurvedic classical texts. Critical analysis of the compiled data reveals that out of 332 vegetables described under Shakavarga, 44 are indicated in respiratory disease like Shvasa (Dyspnoea/Asthma), Kasa (Cough), Peenasa (Chronic rhinitis) and Hikka (Hiccup). Among them, botanical identity of 42 classical plants has been established and maximum number of vegetables belongs to the family cucurbitaceae (10) followed by solanaceae (4). Some of these vegetables have been reported for their various pharmacological activities related to prevention and management of diseases related to Pranavaha Srotas (Respiratory system). These vegetables are reported for their anti-inflammatory (16), antioxidant (14), anti-allergic (6) and antitussive (3) activities. The observed result may be helpful in use of vegetables as Pathya (wholesome diet) and planning further scientific studies about the efficacy of these plants on prevention as well as management of respiratory diseases.

scholarly journals Tcf4 Is Involved in Subset Specification of Mesodiencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Simone Mesman ◽  
Iris Wever ◽  
Marten P. Smidt
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Development ◽  
Neuronal Population ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
E Box ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Bhlh Factor

During development, mesodiencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) neurons form into different molecular subsets. Knowledge of which factors contribute to the specification of these subsets is currently insufficient. In this study, we examined the role of Tcf4, a member of the E-box protein family, in mdDA neuronal development and subset specification. We show that Tcf4 is expressed throughout development, but is no longer detected in adult midbrain. Deletion of Tcf4 results in an initial increase in TH-expressing neurons at E11.5, but this normalizes at later embryonic stages. However, the caudal subset marker Nxph3 and rostral subset marker Ahd2 are affected at E14.5, indicating that Tcf4 is involved in correct differentiation of mdDA neuronal subsets. At P0, expression of these markers partially recovers, whereas expression of Th transcript and TH protein appears to be affected in lateral parts of the mdDA neuronal population. The initial increase in TH-expressing cells and delay in subset specification could be due to the increase in expression of the bHLH factor Ascl1, known for its role in mdDA neuronal differentiation, upon loss of Tcf4. Taken together, our data identified a minor role for Tcf4 in mdDA neuronal development and subset specification.

scholarly journals Chemical and Biological Molecules Involved in Differentiation, Maturation, and Survival of Dopaminergic Neurons in Health and Parkinson’s Disease: Physiological Aspects and Clinical Implications

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 754
Author(s):  
Giulia Gaggi ◽  
Andrea Di Credico ◽  
Pascal Izzicupo ◽  
Giovanni Iannetti ◽  
Angela Di Baldassarre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Set Up

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by a specific and progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons and dopamine, causing motor dysfunctions and impaired movements. Unfortunately, available therapies can partially treat the motor symptoms, but they have no effect on non-motor features. In addition, the therapeutic effect reduces gradually, and the prolonged use of drugs leads to a significative increase in the number of adverse events. For these reasons, an alternative approach that allows the replacement or the improved survival of DA neurons is very appealing for the treatment of PD patients and recently the first human clinical trials for DA neurons replacement have been set up. Here, we review the role of chemical and biological molecules that are involved in the development, survival and differentiation of DA neurons. In particular, we review the chemical small molecules used to differentiate different type of stem cells into DA neurons with high efficiency; the role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs both in DA neurons development/survival as far as in the pathogenesis of PD; and, finally, we dissect the potential role of exosomes carrying biological molecules as treatment of PD.

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