scholarly journals Influence of the Soil Genesis on Physical and Mechanical Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Marschalko ◽  
Işık Yilmaz ◽  
Lucie Fojtová ◽  
Karel Kubečka ◽  
Tomáš Bouchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Clayey Sand ◽  
Soil Genesis ◽  
Foundation Soil ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Geotechnical Investigations

The paper deals with the influence of soil genesis on the physical-mechanical properties. The presented case study was conducted in the region of the Ostrava Basin where there is a varied genetic composition of the Quaternary geological structure on the underlying Neogeneous sediments which are sediments of analogous granulometry but different genesis. In this study, 7827 soil samples of an eolian, fluvial, glacial, and deluvial origin and their laboratory analyses results were used. The study identified different values in certain cases, mostly in coarser-grained foundation soils, such as sandy loam S4 (MS) and clayey sand F4 (CS). The soils of the fluvial origin manifest different values than other genetic types. Next, based on regression analyses, dependence was proved neither on the deposition depth (depth of samples) nor from the point of view of the individual foundation soil classes or the genetic types. The contribution of the paper is to point at the influence of genesis on the foundation soil properties so that engineering geologists and geotechnicians pay more attention to the genesis during engineering-geological and geotechnical investigations.

Anatomical, Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Fast-Growing Populus × Euramericana cv. ‘74/76’

IAWA Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Rongjun ◽  
Yao Chunli ◽  
Cheng Xianbao ◽  
Lu Jianxiong ◽  
Fei Benhua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Large Growth

The anatomical characteristics, chemical composition, and physical and mechanical properties of fast-growing Populus × euramericana cv. ‘74/76’ juvenile wood were investigated. Four- to five-year-old clonal plantation trees were harvested from two different experimental sites in the suburbs of Beijing. The Shunyi site had black alkali soil with a planting density of 4 × 6 m and the Miyun site had sandy loam soil with a planting density of 3 × 5 m. The test results showed that the poplar trees from the two sites were both fast growing, with poplar at Shunyi growing faster than at Miyun. There were no significant differences in wood properties between trees grown at the two sites. Fiber length at breast height varied from 872 to 1300 μm between growth rings, average fiber width varied from 21.0 to 25.5 μm and double wall thickness varied from 5.0 to 6.6 μm. Average cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose contents in the samples were 48.9%, 25.4%, and 18.8%, respectively. MFA was higher in the first two growth rings (20–25°), and then decreased rapidly to 12° close to the bark. The average air-dry density at breast height was 401 kg/m3 while the average MOE at breast height was 9.3 GPa. The trees showed large growth rates in both height and stem diameter during the growing season. However, wood properties of the juvenile poplar appeared to be similar to those of poplars with a slower growth rate.

scholarly journals Pressure in the hydraulic system of three point hitch of tractor equiped with electrical and mechanical control

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Petranský ◽  
Š. Drabant ◽  
J. Ďuďák ◽  
A. Žikla ◽  
I. Grman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Safety Valve ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydraulic Circuit ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Operation Parameters ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
Ploughing Depth

The goal of the measurement of the tractor ZTS 164 45 equipped with digital electrohydraulical control EHR-D BOSCH during ploughing with ploughs KUHN (4 bottoms) and 5 PHX 35 (5 bottoms) was to obtain time dependent states of pressure in the hydraulic system of the three point hitch of tractor. From the point of view of comparison of obtained results testing conditions were determinated with respect to physical and mechanical properties of soil such as soil volume mass, soil humidity, penetration resistance and shear resistance of soil. Beyond these measurements also measurements of operation parameters as a&nbsp;ploughing depth, ploughing width, working speed and fuel consumption were accomplished. The measured results of physical and mechanical properties of soil show big content of loam elements and stones in the soil. Simultaneously the measured results of the operation parameters of the ploughing sets confirmed that the ploughs KUHN and 5 PHX 35 are suitable for tractor ZTS 164 45. Based on the measured results there is a possibility to infer following conclusions: Control system of the three point hitch offers a reliable function. Hydraulic circuit is equipped by an improper distributor which causes pressure peaks which are corres-<br />ponding with safety valve adjustment. Hydraulic circuit has a&nbsp;low conductive resistance. Loading of tractor body is higher when using mounted plough than with semi mounted plough.

scholarly journals Physical and mechanical properties of the rocks of the Starobinsky deposit forming the Third potash layer and its roof

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-494
Author(s):  
A. B. Petrovsky ◽  
V. Ya. Prushak ◽  
E. A. Lutovich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Mining Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Roof Falling ◽  
Main Factor

The geological structure and the physical-mechanical properties of rocks composing and overlapping the Third potash formation in the areas of the mine field mine No. 4 JSC Belaruskali, which are scheduled to practice, are studied. The geological sections of the Third potash layer and its roof were built, the thickness of sylvinite and halite layers was measured, the roof falling of the rocks of the layer with a height of up to 20 m was assessed, and the type of immediate roof was determined by the composition and structure of its constituent rocks. It was established that the strength under uniaxial compression of both sylvinite and halite layers for the areas under consideration differs slightly. Therefore, to solve engineering problems of ensuring the stability of mine workings and to calculate fastening parameters, strength values averaged over the groups of layers can be used that correlate well with the percentage of weak and clay interlayers. The same applies to Poisson’s ratio, the values of which for various layers of formation are slightly different and can be taken by their averaging. It is shown that the main factor that negatively affects the strength of rocks occurring in the roof of the Third potash seam is the presence of weak and clay interlayers, which increases with depth. The introduction of the obtained results allows us to improve the calculation accuracy of securing mining parameters, to reduce the costs of their maintenance, and to improve the safety of mining operations in developing the Third potash formation in complex geological and mining conditions.

scholarly journals In site geotechnical investigations in the city of Larissa and influence on the construction environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 899 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
F Kokotini ◽  
N Alamanis ◽  
G Papageorgiou ◽  
E Paschalis ◽  
T Chrysanidis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Geotechnical Data ◽  
Geotechnical Investigations ◽  
A Site ◽  
The City ◽  
Construction Works ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Abstract Field testing is often a very reliable way to determine the mechanical properties of soil materials and in some cases the most appropriate and unique way to obtain accurate measurements. Geotechnical engineers and engineering geologists perform geotechnical investigations to obtain information on the physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock underlying (and sometimes adjacent to) a site to design earthworks and foundations for proposed structures. The object of the present work is the recording of the geotechnical data of the center and districts of the city of Larissa, the knowledge of which is necessary for the construction and erection of construction works, as well as the characteristics and points that need special attention in each area. Finally important conclusions refer to the construction culture, that project authorities and contractors should draw on, accordingly.

Estimation of geophysical and physical and mechanical properties on the example of quaternary soils of Sergiev Posad district

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
V. V. Romanov ◽  
D. S. Daev ◽  
L. E. Chesalov ◽  
A. I. Poserenin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Radioactive Substance ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Near Surface Geophysics

The Sergiev Posad polygon of the MGRI-RSGPU is located on the watershed of the Pazha and Torgosha rivers located on the southern slope of the Klinsky-Dmitrovsky ridge; geologically, the upper part of its section is composed of clay soils of Quaternary and Cretaceous age. The paper gives an analysis of the values of seismic, electrical and physical and mechanical properties of soils, as well as resistivity of water sources and reservoirs. Main methods of near-surface geophysics allow obtaining this information. The performed methods made it possible to specify the geological structure of the first 15 meters of the section, to refine the hydrogeological conditions of the test site, to determine the properties of the grounds as bases for buildings and structures. Also, the effect of the radioactive substance oonthe state of the underlying soils has been established by means of a specially prepared soil radiometer plate .

GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN ROCK PROPERTIES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOGENIC FACTORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-156
Author(s):  
ALYOSHINA TATYANA S. ◽  
◽  
PLATOV NIKOLAY A. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rock Properties ◽  
Geological Environment ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Technogenic Impact ◽  
Hydrogeological Conditions

Technogenic impact on the geological environment inevitably leads to a change in the properties of rocks. Engineering structures quite often directly interact with rocks, therefore, reliable determination of their properties is an urgent task in construction. From a practical point of view, knowledge of not only the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, but also their characteristics in contact with technogenic impact is of great interest. This determines the relevance of studying the characteristics of changes in the properties of rocks under the influence of technogenic factors. The aim of the work is to consider the issues of changing the properties of rocks under the influence of technogenic factors of the geological environment. Technogenic impact on the geological environment is classified according to various criteria, and is divided into global, zonal, regional and local categories. The authors rightly give preference to the following operating factors: pressure, fluctuations in the stress state, hydrogeological conditions, changes in the composition of groundwater, etc. Particular attention is paid to rock swelling, rock salinization and the influence of various microorganisms on rocks. In the article of the above authors, it is proposed to consider in detail the orohydrographic conditions of the studied geological environment, geomorphological conditions of the territory, geological structure, hydrogeological conditions (upstream, groundwater, interstratal waters), geo-dynamic conditions (all processes and phenomena expressed in a given territory), as well as to study the composition (mineral, granulometric, chemical), the state of rocks (moisture, density, porosity) and properties of rocks (strength, deformation and geological) - for a comprehensive assessment of the surrounding geological environment. Attention is also paid to the dynamic impact, i. e. the factors of liquefaction, thixotropy and other soil deformations are given.

Application of New Soil Consolidator in Road-Construction Engineering

2012 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 466-469
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Dong Liang Xun ◽  
Zhao Yang ◽  
Fu Quan Ji
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Construction Engineering ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Silt Layer

This paper contrastively analyses the consolidation instances of silt with HEC and HAS soil consolidators, also emphatically discusses the influence regularities of the compressive strength of solidified soil with the following factors: the dose of consolidators and the curing time. Meanwhile, from the point of view of experiment, this paper studies the physical and mechanical properties of solidified soil. Case study shows that HEC and HAS soil consolidators behave as well as cement and lime in road-construction engineering, and even that filling subgrade independently. Also, this paper proposes the appropriate value 6% of HEC and HAS soil consolidators for solidifying silt layer, which can be used as reference for the similar geological conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of repeated loads on saline soils of earth roadbed

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Abdubaki Kayumov ◽  
Rashidbek Hudaykulov ◽  
Dilfuza Makhmudova ◽  
Dilshod Kayumov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Repeated Impact ◽  
Residual Strains ◽  
The Impact

The constant development of the road network in Uzbekistan, especially in widespread saline soils, necessitates increased attention to road structure strength. Since vehicles differ in weight and speed, it is obvious that the saline soil under the pavement is subjected to successive impacts of a load of different power and application force. Experimental studies to identify the patterns of changes in saline soils' physical and mechanical properties under repeated and short-term loads were conducted on a device specially designed by the authors of this study. The experiments were conducted on samples of sulfate and chloride-sulfate medium-saline heavy silty sandy loam, compacted at optimal moisture content to maximum density. When conducting the experiment, the impact duration of vertical load Рver = 0.15 MPa on the sample was tload = 0.2 sec, and the interval between the loads was 0.5 sec, the frequency of application was f = 1.2 Hz. The number of short-term load applications was recorded using an electric meter installed on the device. After a certain number of short-term cyclic load applications on the sample, its physical and mechanical properties were determined following the requirements of state standards (GOST). The results of the study show that with an increase in the number of cyclic and short-term load impacts on the sample, the following values increase: residual strain, density, and modulus of setting, relative swelling, swelling pressure, ultrasonic transmission rate, coefficient of filtration; while the porosity, coefficient of porosity, soaking, ultimate strength in uniaxial compression, the coefficient of dynamic viscosity, adherence, the angle of internal friction and the modulus of elasticity of soil decrease. It was determined that under the repeated impact of short-term loads in compacted saline soil, residual strains and short-term redistribution of stresses in the contact of soil and salt particles occur, which leads to a change in the physical and mechanical properties of soil.

Comparative Analysis of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Composites with Functional Fillers Based on Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 668-673
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav V. Barakhtenko ◽  
Tatiana H. Sahabutdinova ◽  
Yury V. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Functional Fillers ◽  
Properties Of Composites

The article is devoted to research in the development of composite materials based on polyvinyl chloride and industrial waste from the metallurgical, energy and mining industries. The properties of dispersed waste have been studied, which make it possible to speak of the possibility of their use as fillers for polymer compositions. A comparative analysis of the tested physical and mechanical properties is carried out, depending on the characteristics of the particle size of the fillers. It was revealed that from the point of view of construction materials, all the wastes under study can be used as fillers. The development will make it possible to dispose of industrial waste to obtain useful products and save natural non-metallic materials used in the creation of composites.

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