scholarly journals Anacardic Acids from Cashew Nuts Ameliorate Lung Damage Induced byExposureto Diesel Exhaust Particles in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Laura Nicoletti Carvalho ◽  
Raquel Annoni ◽  
Larissa Helena Lobo Torres ◽  
Ana Carolina Cardoso Santos Durão ◽  
Ana Lucia Borges Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Diesel Exhaust Particles ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Anacardic Acids ◽  
Cashew Nut

Anacardic acids from cashew nut shell liquid, a Brazilian natural substance, have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and modulate immune responses and angiogenesis. As inflammatory lung diseases have been correlated to environmental pollutants exposure and no reports addressing the effects of dietary supplementation with anacardic acids on lung inflammationin vivohave been evidenced, we investigated the effects of supplementation with anacardic acids in a model of diesel exhaust particle- (DEP-) induced lung inflammation. BALB/c mice received an intranasal instillation of 50 μg of DEP for 20 days. Ten days prior to DEP instillation, animals were pretreated orally with 50, 150, or 250 mg/kg of anacardic acids or vehicle (100 μL of cashew nut oil) for 30 days. The biomarkers of inflammatory and antioxidant responses in the alveolar parenchyma, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and pulmonary vessels were investigated. All doses of anacardic acids ameliorated antioxidant enzyme activities and decreased vascular adhesion molecule in vessels. Animals that received 50 mg/kg of anacardic acids showed decreased levels of neutrophils and tumor necrosis factor in the lungs and BALF, respectively. In summary, we demonstrated that AAs supplementation has a potential protective role on oxidative and inflammatory mechanisms in the lungs.

Antioxidant Activity Of Anacardic Acids On Diesel Exhaust Particles Lung Inflammation In Mice

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Laura N. Carvalho ◽  
Larissa H.L. Torres ◽  
Ana Carolina Durão ◽  
Raquel Annoni ◽  
Marisa Dolhnikoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Diesel Exhaust Particles ◽  
Anacardic Acids ◽  
Exhaust Particles

Effects Of Anacardic Acids On Diesel Exhaust Particles Lung Inflammation In Mice

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Laura N. Carvalho ◽  
Raquel Annoni ◽  
Cristina B. Hebeda ◽  
Larissa H.L. Torres ◽  
Ana Carolina C.S. Durão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Diesel Exhaust Particles ◽  
Anacardic Acids ◽  
Exhaust Particles

scholarly journals In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Viscozyme®-Treated Jujube Fruit

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoonsu Kim ◽  
Jisun Oh ◽  
Chan Ho Jang ◽  
Ji Sun Lim ◽  
Jeong Soon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Lung Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Jujube Fruit

The fruit of Ziziphus jujuba, commonly called jujube, has long been consumed for its health benefits. The aim of this study was to examine the protective effect of dietary supplementation of enzymatically hydrolyzed jujube against lung inflammation in mice. The macerated flesh of jujube was extracted with aqueous ethanol before and after Viscozyme treatment. The extract of enzyme-treated jujube, called herein hydrolyzed jujube extract (HJE), contained higher levels of quercetin, total phenolics, and flavonoids, and exhibited more effective radical-scavenging abilities in comparison to non-hydrolyzed jujube extract (NHJE). HJE treatment decreased production of inflammation-associated molecules, including nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines from activated Raw 264.7 or differentiated THP-1 cells. HJE treatment also reduced expression of nuclear factor-κB and its downstream proteins in A549 human lung epithelial cells. Moreover, oral supplementation of 1.5 g of HJE per kg of body weight (BW) attenuated histological lung damage, decreased plasma cytokines, and inhibited expression of inflammatory proteins and oxidative stress mediators in the lungs of mice exposed to benzo(a)pyrene at 50 mg/kg BW. Expression levels of antioxidant and cytoprotective factors, such as nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1, were increased in lung and liver tissues from mice treated with HJE, compared to mice fed NHJE. These findings indicate that dietary HJE can reduce benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung inflammation by inhibiting cytokine release from macrophages and promoting antioxidant defenses in vivo.

scholarly journals Productivity of a preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography isolation of anacardic acids from cashew nut shell liquid

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Oiram Filho ◽  
Guilherme J. Zocolo ◽  
Kirley M. Canuto ◽  
Ivanildo J. da Silva Junior ◽  
Edy S. Brito
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Anacardic Acids ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

Gene Expression Analysis to Investigate Biological Networks Underlying Nasal Inflammatory Dysfunctions Induced by Diesel Exhaust Particles Using an In Vivo System

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Soo Kim ◽  
Byeong-Gon Kim ◽  
Sohyeon Park ◽  
Nahyun Kim ◽  
An-Soo Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Diesel Exhaust Particles ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exhaust Particles

Objectives: Diesel exhaust particles (DEP)s are notorious ambient pollutants composed of a complex mixture of a carbon core and diverse chemical irritants. Several studies have demonstrated significant relationships between DEP exposure and serious nasal inflammatory response in vitro, but available information regarding underlying networks in terms of gene expression changes has not sufficiently explained potential mechanisms of DEP-induced nasal damage, especially in vivo. Methods: In the present study, we identified DEP-induced gene expression profiles under short-term and long-term exposure, and identified signaling pathways based on microarray data for understanding effects of DEP exposure in the mouse nasal cavity. Results: Alteration in gene expression due to DEP exposure provokes an imbalance of the immune system via dysregulated inflammatory markers, predicted to disrupt protective responses against harmful exogenous substances in the body. Several candidate markers were identified after validation using qRT-PCR, including S100A9, CAMP, IL20, and S100A8. Conclusions: Although further mechanistic studies are required for verifying the utility of the potential biomarkers suggested by the present study, our in vivo results may provide meaningful suggestions for understanding the complex cellular signaling pathways involved in DEP-induced nasal damages.

scholarly journals Eosinophils Restrict Diesel Exhaust Particles Induced Cell Proliferation of Lung Epithelial A549 Cells, Vial Interleukin-13 Mediated Mechanisms: Implications for Tissue Remodelling And Fibrosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rituraj Niranjan ◽  
Muthukumaravel Subramanian ◽  
Devaraju Panneer ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Diesel Exhaust Particles ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Interleukin 13 ◽  
Exhaust Particles

Background: Diesel exhaust particulates (DEPs) affect lung physiology and cause serious damage to the lungs. A number of studies demonstrated that, eosinophils play a very important role in the development of tissue remodelling and fibrosis of lungs. However, the exact mechanism of pathogenesis of tissue remodelling and fibrosis is not known. Methods: Both in vitro and in vivo models were used in the study. HL-60 and A549 cells were used in the study. Balb/C mice of 8 to 12 weeks old were used for in vivo study. Cell viability by MTT assay, RNA isolation by tri reagent was accomplished. mRNA expression of inflammatory genes were accomplished by real time PCR or qPCR. Immunohistochemistry was done to asses the localization and expressions of proteins. One way ANOVA followed by post hoc test were done for the statistical analysis. Graph-Pad Prism software was used for statistical analysis. Results: We for the first time demonstrate that, Interleukin-13 plays a very important role in the development of tissue remodelling and fibrosis. We report that, diesel exhaust particles significantly induce eosinophils cell proliferation and interleukin-13 release in in vitro culture conditions. Supernatant collected from DEP-induced eosinophils cells significantly restrict cell proliferation of epithelial cells in response to exposure of diesel exhast particles. Furthermore, purified interleukin-13 decreases the proliferation of A549 cells, highliting the involvement of IL-13 in tissue remodeling. Notably, Etoricoxib (selective COX-2 inhibitor) did not inhibit DEP-triggered release of interleukin-13, suggesting another cell signalling pathway. The in vivo exposer of DEP to the lungs of mice, resulted in high level of eosinophils degranulation as depicted by the EPX-1 immunostaining and altered level of mRNA expressions of inflammatory genes. We also found that, a-SMA, fibroblast specific protein (FSP-1) has been changed in response to DEP in the mice lungs along with the mediators of inflammation. Conclusion: Altogether, we elucidated, the mechanistic role of eosinophils and IL-13 in the DEP-triggered proliferation of lungs cells thus providing an inside in the pathophysiology of tissue remodelling and fibrosis of lungs.

scholarly journals Characterization, Antioxidant, Anti-Aging and Organ Protective Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Flammulina velutipes

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Yuan ◽  
Zheng Gao ◽  
Wenbo Liu ◽  
Huaping Li ◽  
Yiwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Characteristic Functional

As an irreversible and complex degenerative physiological process, the treatment for aging seems strategically necessary, and polysaccharides play important roles against aging owing to their abundant bioactivities. In this paper, the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FPS) and its sulfated FPS (SFPS) on d-galactose-induced aging mice were investigated. The in vitro antioxidant activities demonstrated that SFPS had strong reducing power and superior scavenging effects on 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals and the chelating activities of Fe2+. The in vivo animal experiments manifested that the SFPS showed superior antioxidant and protective abilities against the d-galactose-induced aging by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities, decreasing lipid peroxidation, improving the inflammatory response and ameliorating the anile condition of mice. Furthermore, the structural analysis of SFPS was investigated through FT-IR, NMR, and HPLC analysis, and the results indicated that SFPS was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with a weight-average molecular weight of 2.81 × 103 Da. Furthermore, SFPS has also changed in characteristic functional groups and monosaccharide composition compared to FPS. These results suggested that sulfated modification could enhance the anti-oxidation, anti-aging and protective activities of F. velutipes polysaccharides, which may provide references for the development of functional foods and natural medicines.

scholarly journals Diesel Exhaust Particles Suppress In Vivo IFN-γ Production by Inhibiting Cytokine Effects on NK and NKT Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 172 (6) ◽  
pp. 3808-3813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred D. Finkelman ◽  
Mingyan Yang ◽  
Tatyana Orekhova ◽  
Erin Clyne ◽  
Jonathan Bernstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Nkt Cells ◽  
Diesel Exhaust Particles ◽  
Exhaust Particles ◽  
Ifn Γ
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