scholarly journals Cardiac Safety of Diclofenac at a Single Dose in Ram

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Er ◽  
Burak Dik ◽  
Orhan Corum ◽  
Gul Cetin
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Lipoprotein Level

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are frequently prescribed drug group in human and veterinary medicine. However, diclofenac, a traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, related to cardiotoxicity is reported, and blood cardiac damage markers may increase within the first hours after damage. The aim of the current research was to determine the effect of diclofenac on the blood cardiac damage markers. Single dose of diclofenac (2.5 mg/kg, IM) was injected to 6 rams. Blood samples were collected in before (0 hour, control) and 6 hours after injection. Specific (troponin I, and creatine kinase-MB) and nonspecific (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase) blood cardiac damage marker concentrations, routine biochemical (hepatic damage, renal damage, lipid metabolism, glucose, and phosphorus) parameters, and hemogram values were measured. Diclofenac increased (P<0.05) specific (troponin I) and nonspecific cardiac (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase), hepatic (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine aminotransferase), and muscular (creatine kinase) damage markers and high density lipoprotein level, while it decreased (P<0.05) low density lipoprotein level. Moreover, diclofenac decreased (P<0.05) white blood cell counts and increased (P<0.05) red blood cell counts. In conclusion, it may be stated that diclofenac shows slight cardiotoxicity, whereas it may show potent hepatic and muscular damage effects at an intramuscularly single dose in sheep. Thereby, repeated injections of diclofenac may be more harmful in sheep.

Production and certification of secondary enzyme reference materials (ERMs). Part 1: Preparation of the sera and some of their properties.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1901-1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Koedam ◽  
G M Steentjes ◽  
S Buitenhuis ◽  
E Schmidt ◽  
R Klauke
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Glutamate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Clinical Enzymology

Abstract We produced three batches of a human-serum-based enzyme reference material (ERM) enriched with human aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1), alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2), creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2), and lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27). The added enzymes were not exhaustively purified; thus the final ERMs contained some enzymes as contaminants, of which only glutamate dehydrogenase activity might interfere. The stability during storage and after reconstitution was good. The commutability of the four enzymes in the three ERM batches was also good, except when German or Scandinavian methods for aminotransferases were involved. The temperature-conversion factors for the ERMs were equivalent to those for patients' sera. Reactivation after reconstitution was complete within 5 min and was independent of the temperature of the reconstitution fluid. We believe that these secondary ERMs will aid in the transfer of accuracy between well-defined reference methods and daily working methods so that clinical enzymology results will become more comparable from laboratory to laboratory.

scholarly journals Local myotoxicity of ketamine hydrochloride in the marmoset

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Davy ◽  
P. N. Trennery ◽  
J. G. Edmunds ◽  
J. F. B. Altman ◽  
D. A. Eichler
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Plasma Enzyme ◽  
Routine Blood ◽  
Ketamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Injection Procedure

An investigation of raised plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in marmosets after intramuscular ketamine injection suggested a local myotoxicity. This was confirmed by a range of histopathological findings from myofibrillar striation loss to necrosis. In addition to the elevations in AST levels, creatine kinase and the lactate dehydrogenase-5 isoenzyme levels were elevated. It was further demonstrated that, although the physical properties of the injectable solution (pH, osmolality) and to a lesser extent the injection procedure itself caused slight changes in plasma enzyme levels, the ketamine was predominantly responsible for the lesion. No hepatic interactions were seen. This effect should be taken into consideration when this anaesthetic is used in the marmoset if the primary objectives of the experiment entail routine blood analyses.

scholarly journals Human Physiological Responses to a Single Deep Helium-Oxygen Diving

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Chen Bao ◽  
Quan Shen ◽  
Yi-Qun Fang ◽  
Jian-guo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Endothelial Activation ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Cell Counts

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore whether a single deep helium-oxygen (heliox) dive affects physiological function.Methods: A total of 40 male divers performed an open-water heliox dive to 80 m of seawater (msw). The total diving time was 280 min, and the breathing helium-oxygen time was 20 min. Before and after the dive, blood and saliva samples were collected, and blood cell counts, cardiac damage, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial activation, and hormonal biomarkers were assayed.Results: An 80 msw heliox dive induced a significant increase in the percentage of granulocytes (GR %), whereas the percentage of lymphocytes (LYM %), percentage of intermediate cells (MID %), red blood cell number (RBC), hematocrit (hCT), and platelets (PLT) decreased. During the dive, concentrations of creatine kinase (CK), a myocardial-specific isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) in serum and amylase alpha 1 (AMY1), and testosterone levels in saliva increased, in contrast, IgA levels in saliva decreased. Diving caused a significant increase in serum glutathione (GSH) levels and reduced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels but had no effect on malondialdehyde (MDA) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels.Conclusion: A single 80 msw heliox dive activates the endothelium, causes skeletal-muscle damage, and induces oxidative stress and physiological stress responses, as reflected in changes in biomarker concentrations.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Diluents on the Activity of Several Enzymes Present in Serum

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1079-1080
Author(s):  
Ted W Fendley ◽  
Jane M Hochholzer ◽  
Christopher S Frings
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Manual Method ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract We have evaluated the effect of diluting serum with water or NaCl solution (8.5 or 9.0 g/liter) before assaying by a manual method for creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), and aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1) activity. The t test and the F test show no significant difference in the accuracy and precision of the assays at the 95% confidence level when 100 different samples were compared for each enzyme activity after use of the three diluents.

Serum Leptin Level: Possible Association with Haematopoiesis in Adolescents, Independent of Body Mass Index and Serum Insulin

1998 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Hirose ◽  
Ikuo Saito ◽  
Toshihide Kawai ◽  
Keiko Nakamura ◽  
Hiroshi Maruyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Leucocyte Count ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts

1. The obese gene product leptin, secreted exclusively from adipocytes, was discovered to serve as a satiety factor and to play an important role in regulating body weight. In adults, the serum leptin level reportedly increases with the degree of obesity. Leptin receptors are expressed in various tissues, and recent in vitro studies suggest a role for leptin in haematopoiesis. 2. The present study was designed to clarify the relationship between serum leptin and body mass index, peripheral blood cell counts, serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, insulin and Cortisol levels in 299 Japanese male adolescents aged 15–16 years. 3. With simple linear correlation, log [serum leptin] showed a strong correlation with body mass index (r = 0.56), log [insulin] (r = 0.36) and leucocyte count (r = 0.22) (P < 0.001 for all). There were also correlations with systolic blood pressure, erythrocyte count, haematocrit and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P < 0.01 for all). Even after adjustment for body mass index and log [insulin], log [leptin] correlated with leucocyte (P = 0.004) and erythrocyte (P = 0.057) counts. Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed log [leptin] to correlate significantly with body mass index, log [insulin] and the leucocyte count (P < 0.005 for all, r2 = 0.399). 4. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical study to show the possible association of serum leptin level with blood cell counts, independent of body mass index and serum insulin. We conclude that these data further support a role for leptin in haematopoiesis.

scholarly journals Changes in Blood Lipoproteins, Inflammation Response and Tissue Damage After a Single Bout of Exhaustive Exercise

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Chieh Chung LIU ◽  
Jui Kun CHUANG ◽  
Chun Hong LIN ◽  
Pu Hsi TSAI ◽  
Jun Yen LEE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Reactive Protein

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. The objective of this study was to determine the effects on plasma lipoproteins, inflammation response and tissue-­damage markers level during their recovery following exhaustive run. These biochemical concentrations were measured before 30 min, immediately after, and 30 min, 1hr, 2hr, 24hr, 48hr, 72hr after an exhaustive run on treadmill in 15 health male subjects with 80%VO2max intensity. The result of one-way ANOVA with measure repeated analysis indicated that there were no significant changes in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol post run, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was remain significant elevated (by 18%) until 2hr post run. The inflammatory marker of C-reactive protein level was significant elevated (by 42%) immediately and returned to baseline post 0.5hr. The neutrophils ratio remain significant increased (by 51%) during 0.5hr until 2hr and returned to baseline post 24hr. The tissue-damage markers were remain elevated by 23% immediately until 2hr in lactate dehydrogenase and only reach to peak (by 108%) significantly post 24hr in creatine kinase. It is concluded that an exhaustive exercise could induce the delay-onset damage and transient inflammatory response in tissue, and have enough rest or suitable antioxidant supplements for recovery. 目的：本研究旨在探討單次衰竭運動後恢復期對於血脂蛋白濃度變化與發炎損傷指標之影響。方法：受試者為15名健康男性(年齡22.8 ± 0.89歲，體重67. ± 1.81公斤)，以高強度(80%VO2max)的固定負荷運動至衰竭，並於運動前30分鐘、運動後立即、0.5hr、lhr、2hr、24hr、48hr、72hr等時間點靜脈採血進行生化值分析。結果：以單因子相依樣本變異數分析顯示，低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C)在運動後均無明顯變化；而高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(high den­sity lipoprotein-cholesterol, HDL-C)則在衰竭運動後2hr明顯持續增加約18.3% (p < .05)；發炎指標：C-反應蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)於衰竭後立即顯著上升約42%，隨即0.5hr後恢復。嗜中性球比例(neutrophils, net-s%)在運動後0.5hr至2hr持續增加約51%，於24hr之後恢復。組織損傷情形，乳酸脱氫酶(lactate dehydrogenase, LDH)活性在衰竭後立即至2hr期間顯著增加約23%，而肌酸激酶(creatine kinase, CK)活性則在24hr後才明顯增加約108%的峰值反應。結論：本研究血脂蛋白與發炎、損傷等生化反應結果，意味著單次衰竭運動後可能誘發體內組織的延遲性損傷與組織的短暫發炎反應，需要有足夠的休息時間或運用適當的抗氧化增補劑來進行運動恢復。

scholarly journals Low HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Cholesterol and High White Blood Cell Counts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads Harsløf ◽  
Kasper M. Pedersen ◽  
Børge G. Nordestgaard ◽  
Shoaib Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

Objective: Animal studies suggest that HDL (high-density lipoprotein) regulates proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Using a Mendelian randomization approach, we tested the hypothesis that low HDL cholesterol is associated with high white blood cell counts. Approach and Results: We included 107 952 individuals aged 20 to 100 years from the Copenhagen General Population Study with information on HDL cholesterol, white blood cell counts, and 9 genetic variants associated with HDL cholesterol. In multivariable-adjusted observational analyses, HDL cholesterol was inversely associated with white blood cell counts. On a continuous scale, a 1-mmol/L (39 mg/dL) lower HDL cholesterol was associated with 5.1% (95% CI, 4.7%–5.4%) higher leukocytes, 4.5% (95% CI, 4.0%–4.9%) higher neutrophils, 5.7% (95% CI, 5.3%–6.1%) higher lymphocytes, 5.7% (95% CI, 5.3%–6.2%) higher monocytes, 14.8% (95% CI, 13.9%–15.8%) higher eosinophils, and 3.9% (95% CI, 3.1%–4.7%) higher basophils. In age- and sex-adjusted genetic analyses using the inverse-variance weighted analysis, a 1-mmol/L (39 mg/dL) genetically determined lower HDL cholesterol was associated with 2.2% (95% CI, 0.3%–4.1%) higher leukocytes, 4.3% (95% CI, 1.6%–7.1%) higher lymphocytes, 4.3% (95% CI, 2.6%–6.1%) higher monocytes, and 4.8% (95% CI, 1.2%–8.5%) higher eosinophils. Overall, the genetic associations were robust across sensitivity analyses and replicated using summary statistics from the UK Biobank with up to 350 470 individuals. Conclusions: Genetic and hence lifelong low HDL cholesterol was associated with high peripheral blood leukocytes, including high lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. The concordance between observational and genetic estimates and independent replication suggest a potential causal relationship.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document