scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin E on Bone Biomechanical and Histomorphometric Parameters in Ovariectomized Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela G. Feresin ◽  
Sarah A. Johnson ◽  
Marcus L. Elam ◽  
Jeong-Su Kim ◽  
Dania A. Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose

The present study examined the dose-dependent effect of vitamin E in reversing bone loss in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were either Sham-operated (Sham) or Ovx and fed control diet for 120 days to lose bone. Subsequently, rats were divided into 5 groups (n=12/group): Sham, Ovx-control, low dose (Ovx + 300 mg/kg diet; LD), medium dose (Ovx + 525 mg/kg diet; MD), and high dose (Ovx + 750 mg/kg diet; HD) of vitamin E and sacrificed after 100 days. Animals receiving MD and HD of vitamin E had increased serum alkaline phosphatase compared to the Ovx-control group. Bone histomorphometry analysis indicated a decrease in bone resorption as well as increased bone formation and mineralization in the Ovx groups supplemented with MD and HD of vitamin E. Microcomputed tomography findings indicated no effects of vitamin E on trabecular bone of fifth lumbar vertebrae. Animals receiving HD of vitamin E had enhanced fourth lumbar vertebra quality as evidenced by improved ultimate and yield load and stress when compared to Ovx-control group. These findings demonstrate that vitamin E improves bone quality, attenuates bone resorption, and enhances the rate of bone formation while being unable to restore bone density and trabecular bone structure.

Histomorphometric analysis of rat skeleton following spaceflight

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (2) ◽  
pp. R252-R255 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Wronski ◽  
E. R. Morey-Holton ◽  
S. B. Doty ◽  
A. C. Maese ◽  
C. C. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Histomorphometric Analysis ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Trabecular Bone Mass

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were placed in orbit for 7 days aboard the space shuttle. Bone histomorphometry was performed in the long bones and lumbar vertebrae of flight rats and compared with data derived from ground-based control rats. Trabecular bone mass was not altered during the 1st wk of weightlessness. Strong trends were observed in flight rats for decreased periosteal bone formation in the tibial diaphysis, reduced osteoblast size in the proximal tibia, and decreased osteoblast surface and number in the lumbar vertebra. For the most part, histological indexes of bone resorption were normal in flight rats. The results indicate that 7 days of weightlessness are not of sufficient duration to induce histologically detectable loss of trabecular bone in rats. However, cortical and trabecular bone formation appear to be diminished during the 1st wk of spaceflight.

Enhanced trabecular bone resorption and microstructural bone changes in rats after removal of the cecum

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (8) ◽  
pp. E1069-E1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narattaphol Charoenphandhu ◽  
Panan Suntornsaratoon ◽  
Prapaporn Jongwattanapisan ◽  
Kannikar Wongdee ◽  
Nateetip Krishnamra
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
The Body ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Calcium Balance ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation Rate

The cecum, the proximal part of the large intestine, has the highest rate of calcium absorption compared with other intestinal segments. Previously, we showed that rats with the cecum surgically removed (cecectomized rats) had severe negative calcium balance, low bone mineral density (BMD), and a compensatory increase in colonic calcium absorption. Herein, we used the computer-assisted bone histomorphometric technique and microcomputed tomography (μCT) to analyze bone microstructural defects in cecectomized rats at 1 and 3 mo postsurgery compared with age-matched sham-operated control rats. Relatively low BMD as determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was observed in the femora, tibiae, and lumbar vertebrae of the 3-mo cecectomized rats. μCT analysis revealed decreases in the tibial cortical thickness, periosteal and endosteal perimeters, and moment of inertia in cecectomized rats. The histomorphometric results further showed that trabecular bone volume and number were markedly decreased, whereas trabecular separation was increased in the proximal tibial metaphysis of cecectomized rats, thus leading to a decrease in trabecular volumetric BMD. Since osteoclast surface and eroded surface were increased after cecectomy, such bone loss in cecectomized rats appeared to result from an enhanced bone resorption. Moreover, decreases in bone formation rate and osteoblast surface indicated a suppression of osteoblast-mediated bone formation. In conclusion, cecectomy induced widespread osteopenia in rats presumably by enhancing the osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and suppressing bone formation. The present results underline the important role of cecum in the body calcium homeostasis.

Enhanced trabecular-bone calcium deposition in female rats with a high physiological dose of prolactin diminishes after ovariectomy

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 993-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supaporn Puntheeranurak ◽  
Narattaphol Charoenphandhu ◽  
Nateetip Krishnamra
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Bone Calcium ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Physiological Dose

Although an increase in trabecular-bone calcium deposition has been shown to be regulated by prolactin during lactation, the physiological significance of prolactin in bone calcium metabolism in nonlactating rats remains unclear. This investigation sought to demonstrate the effects of endogenous prolactin and a high physiological dose of exogenous prolactin on bone turnover and bone calcium deposition in normal female rats, using the 45Ca-labeling technique. Our results showed that suppression of endogenous prolactin with 6 mg/kg bromocriptine for 15 days significantly enhanced bone formation, but not bone resorption, in primarily trabecular sites, resulting in a significant increase in calcium deposition in the sternum and vertebrae, from –0.20 ± 0.07 to 0.40 ± 0.09 (p < 0.05) and –0.07 ± 0.11 to 0.34 ± 0.06 (p < 0.05) mmol Ca·(g dry mass)–1, respectively. Similarly, 2.5 mg/kg prolactin, a high physiological dose, increased sternal and vertebral calcium deposition, from –0.20 ± 0.07 to 0.24 ± 0.09 (p < 0.05) and –0.07 ± 0.11 to 0.25 ± 0.18 (p < 0.05) mmol Ca·(g dry mass)–1, respectively, by increasing bone formation more than bone resorption. However, as expected, prolactin had no effect on the tibia or femur, which are primarily cortical sites. Because several actions of prolactin have been known to be estradiol-dependent, we further investigated the dependence of prolactin action on 17β-estradiol. We found that 2.5 mg/kg prolactin did not increase sternal calcium deposition in ovariectomized rats. However, 10 µg/kg 17β-estradiol supplementation restored the action of prolactin. Ovariectomized rats given 17β-estradiol plus prolactin also manifested slightly but significantly higher sternal total calcium content than sham-operated rats, (4.58 ± 0.12 vs. 4.36 ± 0.11 mmol Ca·(g dry mass)–1 (p < 0.05)). We concluded that a high physiological dose of prolactin promoted calcium deposition in primarily trabecular sites of nonlactating rats. This effect was diminished after ovariectomy. In addition, we showed that basal endogenous prolactin played a role in the maintenance of normal trabecular-bone turnover.

scholarly journals RESPON TULANG FEMUR TIKUS OSTEOPOROSIS YANG MENGKONSUMSI CALCITRIOL

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hartiningsih Hartiningsih ◽  
Devita Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Right

Calcitriol supplementation in ovariectomized rats decreased bone resorption and increased bone formation, however, it depend on dose. The objective of the research was to study the response of femur bone in osteoporosis rats consuming calcitriol. Thirty female Wistar rats at 8 weeks of age were randomly divided into six groups (sham operated rats as normal control rats/group N and NK, ovariectomized control rats/group Ov and OvK, ovariectomized rats/group OvDand OvE) of five each. All rats were fed standard diet for 8 weeks. At 16 weeks  of age, group N and Ov  were euthanized, the right femur were taken for histopathological  examination. Group NK and OvK were fed a standard diet, group OvD was fed a standard diet +40ng calcitriol;  and group OvE was fed a standard diet+25µg ethynil ethyl estradiol. Treatments were done for six weeks. At the end of study, blood samples were taken from plexus orbitalis medialis for estrogen analysis. All rats were euthanized using ketamine10% and xylazine 2%. Right femur was taken for histopathological examination  using hematoxylin and eosin stain, and immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody anti TRAP5b which was detected with streptavidin-biotin.         The results showed that estradiol level of the rats in group OvD was not significantly different compared with the rats in OvK group, however, it was significanly lower compared to the rats in group OvE. Histopathologic figure of right distal femur metaphysis in group OvD was shown lesser adipocyte in the bone marrow and more trabecular bone speculum compared to group  OvK, however, there was more adipocyte in the bone marrow and lesser trabecular bone speculum compared to group OvE. Immunohistochemistry of distal femur metaphysis in group OvD and OvE were revealed tartrate resistant alkaline phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b) expression in trabecular bone, which was located in bone marrow space and trabecular speculum surface as well. Based on the results, it can be concluded that calcitriol 40ng/day supplementation in osteoporosis rats for 6 weeks decreased bone resorption and increased bone formation distal femur metaphysis.

The changes in bone turnover markers of female systemic lupus erythematousus patients without glucocorticoid

Lupus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-971
Author(s):  
Wang Tianle ◽  
Zhang Yingying ◽  
Hong Baojian ◽  
Gu Juanfang ◽  
Wang Hongzhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Resorption Marker ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Turnover Markers

Objectives SLE is a chronic autoimmune disease, which can affect the level of bone metabolism and increase the risk of osteoporosis and fracture. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of SLE on bone turnover markers without the influence of glucocorticoids. Methods A total of 865 female subjects were recruited from Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital and the First Hospital of Jiaxing, including 391 SLE patients without the influence of glucocorticoids and 474 non-SLE people. We detected Bone turnover markers including amino-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP), C-terminal turnover of β - I collagen (β-CTX), N-terminal midfragment of osteocalcin (NMID) and 25(OH)D, and analyzed the difference in Bone turnover markers between the SLE group and the control group, as well as the influence of age and season on bone metabolism in female SLE patients. Results In the SLE group, the average age was 43.93±13.95 years old. In the control group, the average age was 44.84±11.42 years old. There was no difference between the two groups (t = 1.03, P = 0.30). P1NP, NMID and 25(OH)D in the SLE group were significantly lower than those in the control group (Z = 8.44, p < 0.001; Z = 14.41, p < 0.001; Z = 2.19, p = 0.029), and β-CTX in the SLE group was significantly higher than that in the control group (Z = 2.61, p = 0.009). In addition, the levers of β-CTX, NMID, P1NP and 25(OH)D in older SLE female patients were statistically significantly higher than those in younger (ρ = 0.104, p = 0.041; ρ = 0.223, p < 0.001; ρ = 0.105, p = 0.038; ρ = 0.289, p < 0.001). Moreover, β-CTX reached a high value in summer and PINP reached a low value in winter. Conclusion The bone formation markers of female SLE patients without glucocorticoid were lower than those of normal people and the bone resorption marker was higher than that of normal people. The 25 (OH) D of female SLE patients without glucocorticoid was lower than that of normal people. The risk of osteoporosis and fracture may be higher in elderly women with SLE. The bone resorption level of female SLE patients is high in summer and the bone formation level is low in winter.

scholarly journals Reproduction Differentially Affects Trabecular Bone Depending on Its Mechanical Versus Metabolic Role

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal M. J. de Bakker ◽  
Wei-Ju Tseng ◽  
Yihan Li ◽  
Hongbo Zhao ◽  
Allison R. Altman-Singles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Metabolic Role ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

During pregnancy and lactation, the maternal skeleton provides calcium for fetal/infant growth, resulting in substantial bone loss, which partially recovers after weaning. However, the amount of bone that is lost and the extent of post-weaning recovery are highly variable among different skeletal sites, and, despite persistent alterations in bone structure at some locations, reproductive history does not increase postmenopausal fracture risk. To explain this phenomenon, we hypothesized that the degree of reproductive bone loss/recovery at trabecular sites may vary depending on the extent to which the trabecular compartment is involved in the bone’s load-bearing function. Using a rat model, we quantified the proportion of the load carried by the trabeculae, as well as the extent of reproductive bone loss and recovery, at two distinct skeletal sites: the tibia and lumbar vertebra. Both sites underwent significant bone loss during pregnancy and lactation, which was partially recovered post-weaning. However, the extent of the deterioration and the resumption of trabecular load-bearing capacity after weaning varied substantially. Tibial trabecular bone, which bore a low proportion of the total applied load, underwent dramatic and irreversible microstructural deterioration during reproduction. Meanwhile, vertebral trabecular bone bore a greater fraction of the load, underwent minimal deterioration in microarchitecture, and resumed its full load-bearing capacity after weaning. Because pregnancy and lactation are physiological processes, the distinctive responses to these natural events among different skeletal sites may help to elucidate the extent of the trabecular bone’s structural versus metabolic functions.

scholarly journals Treatment with the combination of ibandronate plus eldecalcitol has a synergistic effect on inhibition of bone resorption without suppressing bone formation in ovariectomized rats

Bone ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 449-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaoki Sakai ◽  
Satoshi Takeda ◽  
Masanori Sugimoto ◽  
Masaru Shimizu ◽  
Yasushi Shimonaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats

High-dose estrogen inhibits bone resorption and stimulates bone formation in the ovariectomized mouse

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Bain ◽  
Mason C. Bailey ◽  
Darlene L. Celino ◽  
Megan M. Lantry ◽  
Martin W. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Ovariectomized Mouse

Bone changes due to pregnancy and lactation: influence of vitamin D status

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (4) ◽  
pp. E400-E406 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Marie ◽  
L. Cancela ◽  
N. Le Boulch ◽  
L. Miravet
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Bone Formation Rate ◽  
Bone Calcium ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effects of pregnancy and lactation on endosteal bone formation and resorption were evaluated in vitamin D-depleted (-D) and vitamin D-repleted (+D) rats. Pregnancy induced a marked stimulation of osteoclastic bone resorption and of static and dynamic parameters of bone formation and mineralization. Bone resorption increased independently of vitamin D status and did not correlate with plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D] levels, but it was associated with increased plasma immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentrations. Stimulation of the endosteal bone formation rate was mainly impaired in D-depleted rats, resulting in trabecular bone loss, which, in -D mother rats, was associated with decreased bone ash and total bone calcium. Lactation further stimulated bone resorption and reduced the trabecular bone volume; ash weight and bone calcium content were also decreased independently of the vitamin D status and changes in plasma iPTH levels. In presence of vitamin D, the bone formation rate increased fourfold during lactation but was unchanged in -D lactating rats. During lactation, vitamin D-depleted rats lost twofold more calcified bone than +D rats because of impaired mineralization. Thus, the present study shows that both the endosteal bone resorption and formation are stimulated by pregnancy and lactation and that vitamin D is required for normal bone mineralization during the reproductive period.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document