scholarly journals Protective Effect ofBaccharis trimeraExtract on Acute Hepatic Injury in a Model of Inflammation Induced by Acetaminophen

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno da Cruz Pádua ◽  
Joamyr Victor Rossoni Júnior ◽  
Cíntia Lopes de Brito Magalhães ◽  
Míriam Martins Chaves ◽  
Marcelo Eustáquio Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Apap Overdose ◽  
Candidate Drug ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
High Doses

Background. Acetaminophen (APAP) is a commonly used analgesic and antipyretic. When administered in high doses, APAP is a clinical problem in the US and Europe, often resulting in severe liver injury and potentially acute liver failure. Studies have demonstrated that antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents effectively protect against the acute hepatotoxicity induced by APAP overdose.Methods. The present study attempted to investigate the protective effect ofB. trimeraagainst APAP-induced hepatic damage in rats. The liver-function markers ALT and AST, biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidant parameters, and histopathological changes were examined.Results. The pretreatment withB. trimeraattenuated serum activities of ALT and AST that were enhanced by administration of APAP. Furthermore, pretreatment with the extract decreases the activity of the enzyme SOD and increases the activity of catalase and the concentration of total glutathione. Histopathological analysis confirmed the alleviation of liver damage and reduced lesions caused by APAP.Conclusions. The hepatoprotective action ofB. trimeraextract may rely on its effect on reducing the oxidative stress caused by APAP-induced hepatic damage in a rat model.General Significance. These results make the extract ofB. trimeraa potential candidate drug capable of protecting the liver against damage caused by APAP overdose.

scholarly journals Protective Effect ofAcacia nilotica(L.) against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatocellular Damage in Wistar Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayanan Kannan ◽  
Kunnathur Murugesan Sakthivel ◽  
Chandrasekaran Guruvayoorappan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Hepatocellular Damage

The potential biological functions ofA. niloticahave long been described in traditional system of medicine. However, the protective effect ofA. niloticaon acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity is still unknown. The present study attempted to investigate the protective effect ofA. niloticaagainst acetaminophen-induced hepatic damage in Wistar rats. The biochemical liver functional tests Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, total protein, oxidative stress test (Lipid peroxidation), antioxidant parameter glutathione (GSH), and histopathological changes were examined. Our results show that the pretreatment withA. nilotica(250 mg/kg·bw) orally revealed attenuation of serum activities of ALT, AST, ALP, liver weight, and total bilirubin levels that were enhanced by administration of acetaminophen. Further, pretreatment with extract elevated the total protein and GSH level and decreased the level of LPO. Histopathological analysis confirmed the alleviation of liver damage and reduced lesions caused by acetaminophen. The present study undoubtedly provides a proof that hepatoprotective action ofA. niloticaextract may rely on its effect on reducing the oxidative stress in acetaminophen-induced hepatic damage in rat model.

Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Protective Effect of Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) Extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esin Sakalli Çetin ◽  
Hasan Tetiker ◽  
Özgür İlhan Çelik ◽  
Nigar Yılmaz ◽  
İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Mistletoe Extract ◽  
Group 10 ◽  
Group 5

Background: The protective effect of mistletoe extract (Helixor®, HLX) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced acute oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity in rats was evaluated by histological and biochemical methods as well as the comet assay. Material and Methods: 32 female Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups: control group, HLX group (5 mg/kg body weight (bw), days 1-10, intraperitoneally (i.p.)), MTX group (10 mg/kg bw, days 7, 8, and 9, i.p.), and MTX + HLX group (10 mg/kg bw, days 7, 8, and 9, i.p. + 5 mg/kg bw, days 1-10, i.p.). At the end of the experiment, the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were measured, and a histopathological analysis and comet assay were carried out. Results: MTX induced renal oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity in the rats. Pretreatment with HLX significantly improved the renal GSH-Px and SOD activities in the MTX + HLX group compared to the MTX group. The decrease in the NO and MPO levels in the rat groups pretreated with HLX was not significant. The histochemical evaluation revealed that HLX provided significant improvement in the MTX-induced renal degenerative changes, including tubule distension, interstitial inflammation, perirenal inflammation, glomerular congestion, glomerular degeneration, and parenchymal hemorrhage, in the MTX + HLX group compared to the MTX-administered group. According to the comet assay, pretreatment with HLX lowered the MTX-induced DNA damage in endogenous lymphocytes, although not significantly. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that HLX administration markedly reduced the MTX-induced acute oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity in rats through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

scholarly journals Investigation of the possible protective effect of Smilax fluminensis steud. leaf in mice subjected to oxidative stress by paracetamol

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37070
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Simões da Cunha ◽  
Larissa Scremin Ferreira ◽  
Ana Júlia Pasuch Gluzezak ◽  
Edith Eunice Arthur Petrica ◽  
Adilson Paulo Sinhorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plasma Analysis ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Doses

Paracetamol (PCM) is a drug widely used by the population as an antipyretic and analgesic. If administered in high doses it can cause liver damage, leading to hepatoxicity. The genus Smilax, found in temperate and tropical regions, is traditionally used by the population through the extract of leaves and roots for several conditions, such as in the treatment of syphilis, diabetes, asthma and as a diuretic action. Through this, Smilax fluminensis leaf extracts were used to evaluate the protective effect against oxidative stress induced by a high dose of PCM in mice that received the drug and after receiving treatment with crude extract and fractions. Plasma analysis was performed using as partate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol, in addition to biochemical techniques such as catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (ASA), substances reactive to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and carbonylated proteins (CARBONYL) of liver, brain and kidneys. Fraction 1 of the extract was the most promising, decreasing the plasma levels of AST and ALT, the levels of CAT and GST of the liver, together with GSH and in the renal and brain tissue there was a decrease in carbonylated proteins (PCM + F1 versus PCM ). Besides, fraction 1 proved to be hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic. It is concluded that fraction 1 of Smilax fluminensis leaves has good antioxidant activity in the face of the damage caused by the high dose of paracetamol.  

Taxifolin Shows Anticataractogenesis and Attenuates Diabetic Retinopathy in STZ-Diabetic Rats via Suppression of Aldose Reductase, Oxidative Stress, and MAPK Signaling Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-608
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Ying Ma ◽  
Yanli Xu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Aldose Reductase ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
The Status

Background: Due to the increased prevalence of diabetes-associated complications of the eye like diabetic retinopathy and cataract, the need for a novel therapeutic agent is urgent. Due to the advantages that the polyphenolic compounds enjoy in diabetes and associated complications, we postulated that Taxifolin (TXF), a poly-phenolic flavanol, could show anti-retinopathic and anti-cataract effect in diabetes-induced rats. Methods: TXF at a dose of 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg was given by oral route to STZ mediated diabetic rats for a time period of 10 weeks. The opacity of lens was studied after every 7 days of treatment till 10 weeks; evaluation of the severity of cataract and changes in the histology of lens as well as retina was done. Tissue homogenates of lens isolated after the end of the study were evaluated for markers of oxidative stress, levels of aldose reductase, p38MAPK, VEGF, and ERK1/2. Results: Outcomes suggested that TXF improved retinopathy and cataract in diabetes-induced rats. The treatment of TXF also improved the status of oxidative stress and inhibited the levels of p38MAPK, VEGF, and ERK1/2. The treatment also improved the lens opacity in diabetic rats. The results suggest that the protective effect of TXF against cataract and retinopathy may be due to the anti-oxidative potential of TXF and its inhibiting effect on VEGF, ERK1/2, p38MAPK, and aldose reductase. Conclusion: The study confirms that TXF is a potential candidate showing a protective effect against diabetic induced retinopathy and cataract..

High Doses of Boron Have No Protective Effect Against Nephrolithiasis or Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Betul Ergul ◽  
Mehmet Kara ◽  
Cigdem Karakukcu ◽  
Arzu Tasdemir ◽  
Humeyra Aslaner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
High Doses

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Danhong Injection on Acute Hepatic Failure Induced by Lipopolysaccharide and D-Galactosamine in Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Li-Na Gao ◽  
Yuan-Lu Cui ◽  
Heng-Li Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Acute Hepatic Failure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Danhong Injection ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Peroxidation

Acute hepatic failure (AHF), which leads to an extremely high mortality rate, has become the focus of attention in clinic. In this study, Danhong injection (DHI) was investigated to evaluate the preventive and protective effect on AHF induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and D-galactosamine (GalN) in mice. For AHF induction, ICR mice were intraperitoneally injected with D-GalN (700 mg/kg) and LPS (20 μg/kg). DHI was administrated twice, at 12 and 1 h, respectively, before D-GalN/LPS injection. After stimulation with D-GalN/LPS for 1 and 6 h, serum and livers were collected for analysis. We found that mice administrated with DHI displayed a higher survival rate, lower serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBil), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. DHI inhibited the elevations of hepatic lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), caspase-8 activity, and mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1βand interleukin-6) increased by D-GalN/LPS in the liver. Furthermore, liver histopathological analysis indicated that the DHI group showed markedly fewer apoptotic (TUNEL positive) cells and less pathological changes than those in the AHF model group. These results provide a novel insight into the pharmacological actions of DHI as a potential candidate for treating AHF.

scholarly journals Red Ginseng Oil Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Offers Protection against Ultraviolet-Induced Photo Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
H. M. Arif Ullah ◽  
Yuan Yee Lee ◽  
Minki Kim ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim ◽  
Evelyn Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Mouse Fibroblast ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Ginseng Extract

Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is a well-known herbal medicine that has been used for a long time in Korea to treat various diseases. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo protective effects of red ginseng extract (RGE) and red ginseng oil (RGO). Liver injury was produced in BALB/c mice by 400 mg/kg of acetaminophen intraperitoneal injection. The antioxidant effects of RGE and RGO on the free radicals 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and 2,2 ′ -azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) were measured. In addition, the hepatoprotective activities of RGE and RGO on liver markers, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and oxidative stress markers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) enzyme activity, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in serum and histopathological analysis, were evaluated. The protective effect of RGO on UV-induced phototoxicity was also evaluated in Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line. RGE and RGO effectively inhibited the radicals DPPH and ABTS compared with ascorbic acid and trolox, respectively. Moreover, RGE and RGO significantly decreased the liver enzyme (ALT and AST) levels, increased the antioxidant enzyme (SOD and CAT) levels, and decreased the DNA oxidation product (8-OHdG) content in mice serum. RGO also exhibited protective effect against UV irradiation compared with chlorpromazine hydrochloride, a known phototoxic drug, in Balb/c 3T3 cell line. RGE and RGO possess antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties in mice, and RGO exerts nonphototoxic activity in Balb/c 3T3 cells.

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