scholarly journals Prevalence of Psychological Disorders in Patients with Alopecia Areata in Comparison with Normal Subjects

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Aghaei ◽  
Nasrin Saki ◽  
Ehsan Daneshmand ◽  
Bahare Kardeh
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
And Control

Alopecia areata is a chronic disease with a great impact on the patient’s quality of life. In this study we reviewed the frequency of psychological disorders in patients with alopecia areata in comparison to a control group. We enrolled 40 patients with alopecia areata and a 40-volunteer random age-sex matched control group. The study is based on anxiety and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Analytical evaluation was done by Mann-Whitney, Kruskal Wallis, and t-tests. There was a significant difference between the case and control group regarding the prevalence of depression (P value = 0.008), anxiety (P value = 0.003), and neuroticism (P value = 0.05). There was no significant differences regarding extraversion (P value = 0.249), psychosis (P value = 0.147), and lying (P value = 0.899) between the two groups. In alopecia areata involving the head, there was a significant relation only between neuroticism (P value = 0.045) and lying (P value = 0.005). The facial involvement had a significant relation with depression (P value = 0.020), anxiety (P value = 0.019), and neuroticism (P value = 0.029). The frequency of psychological disorders in the case group is significantly greater than the control group.

scholarly journals Association among Thyroid Dysfunction, Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis and Eczema in Children with Alopecia Areata

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Ghaffari ◽  
Ghasem Rahmatpour Rokni ◽  
Armaghan Kazeminejad ◽  
Hosein Abedi
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata is a non-scarring hair loss, which typically starts quickly. Atopy is one of the possible predisposing risk factors for this condition.AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid disease, atopic dermatitis and allergic diseases in children with alopecia areata and compare the results with healthy individuals.METHODS: This case-control study was conducted on 50 patients with alopecia areata, diagnosed by a dermatologist, and 150 healthy individuals as the control group. Participants filled the questionnaires, and necessary tests were performed.RESULTS: In this study, the mean age of the participants was 2.55 ± 14.26 and 3.19 ± 11.92 in the case and control groups, respectively. Prevalence of asthma was 22% in the case group and 12.5% in control group (P = 0.109). Also, allergic rhinitis and eczema were observed in 20% and 22% of the subjects of the case group, whereas they were reported to be 8% and 10% in the control group (PV = 0.03 and 0.175, respectively). Moreover, 28% and 8% of the participants in the case and control groups had a family history of atopy and allergic disorders, respectively (P = 0.046). A significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding gender, type of delivery and contact with animals.CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this study, a significant association was observed between the prevalence of alopecia areata and atopic conditions, such as allergic rhinitis and history of atopic dermatitis.

scholarly journals Vitamin D3 levels in allergic rhinitis: a case control study from South Karnataka

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1295
Author(s):  
Vinay S. Bhat ◽  
Anupama A.
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
And Control

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder seen in routine otolaryngology practice. There has been an increased interest in researchers worldwide regarding role of vitamin D3 in pathogenesis of allergy. This study intends to compare levels of vitamin D3 in patients with clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis and subjects without allergic rhinitis. This study was conducted in rural South Karnataka where incidence of allergic rhinitis is on the rise. Main objective of this study was to assess vitamin D3 levels in patients with clinically diagnosed AR and compare it with vitamin D3 levels in control group where normal subjects were included.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Total of 100 patients were included in this study. Case group comprised of 50 patients clinically diagnosed as AR and control group comprised 50 subjects without any symptoms of AR. All the patients underwent serum vitamin D3 estimation. Other parameters such as age, gender, occupation (outdoor vs indoor) and region of residence (urban vs rural) were also compared between the groups.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> This study did not find significant difference between two groups when all the parameters compared. Significant number of study subjects both in case and control group were found to be either deficient or inadequate in vitamin D3 levels.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> we did not find significant difference in vitamin D3 levels between cases and controls. Further studies with bigger sample size and robust study design may throw more light on association of vitamin D3 with AR.

scholarly journals The values of AHCY and CBS promoter methylation on the diagnosis of cerebral infarction in Chinese Han population

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Shufang Bu ◽  
Ran Ran Pan ◽  
Cong Zhou ◽  
Kun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Promoter Methylation ◽  
Methylation Level ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The goal of our study is to investigate whether the methylation levels of AHCY and CBS promoters are related to the risk of cerebral infarction by detecting the methylation level of AHCY and CBS genes. Methods We extracted peripheral venous blood from 152 patients with cerebral infarction and 152 gender- and age-matched healthy controls, and determined methylation levels of AHCY and CBS promoters using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. We used the percentage of methylation reference (PMR) to indicate gene methylation level. Results We compared the promoter methylation levels of two genes (AHCY and CBS) in peripheral blood DNA between the cerebral infarction case group and the control group. Our study showed no significant difference in AHCY promoter methylation between case and control. Subgroup analysis by gender showed that the methylation level of AHCY in males in the case group was lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant in females. In a subgroup analysis by age, there was no significant difference in the AHCY methylation level between the case and control in the young group (≤44 years old). However, the level of AHCY gene methylation in the middle-aged group (45–59 years old) was significantly higher and the aged group (≥60 years old) was significantly lower than that in the control groups. However, CBS promoter methylation levels were significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (median PMR: 70.20% vs 104.10%, P = 3.71E-10). In addition, the CBS methylation levels of males and females in the case group were significantly lower than those in the control group (male: 64.33% vs 105%, P = 2.667E-08; female: 78.05% vs 102.8%, P = 0.003). We also found that the CBS levels in the young (23–44), middle-aged (45–59), and older (60–90) groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (young group: 69.97% vs 114.71%; P = 0.015; middle-aged group: 56.04% vs 91.71%; P = 6.744E-06; older group: 81.6% vs 119.35%; P = 2.644E-04). Our ROC curve analysis of CBS hypomethylation showed an area under the curve of 0.713, a sensitivity of 67.4%, and a specificity of 74.0%. Conclusion Our study suggests that hypomethylation of the CBS promoter may be closely related to the risk of cerebral infarction and may be used as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for cerebral infarction.

scholarly journals Assessing Efficacy of Emotional Regulation Techniques on Alexithymia among Students Who Suffer From Dyscalculia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaiel Soleymani ◽  
Mojtaba Habibi ◽  
Mani B. Monajemi ◽  
Esmaiel Soleymani
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
And Control

Background: Dyscalculia tends to debilitating for children with respect to their social interactions and learning process. Although it can cause so many problematic consequences in developmental stages of children, by implementing precise and in time therapeutic intervention, it can be mitigated. Current paper examines the efficacy of emotional regulation techniques among students who suffer from dyscalculia. Materials and Methods: This study was experimental study with pre-test and post-test and control group. Statistical Society of this study included all students (4th, 5th, 6th grader), who suffered from dyscalculia in Bileh town (Urumieh Province/Iran) during 2013-2014(N=76). This study consisted 34 students, who suffered from dyscalculia. These students were chosen via systematic random sampling. Data were collected using Raven IQ test, Shalev mathematical Test, Alexithymia Scale, Psychological wellbeing questionnaire. Regarding analyzing data, MANOVA was used. Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance show that between case group and control, significant difference in components of alexithymia and psychological wellbeing were noticed. Hence, it can be inferred that emotional regulation strategies improves component of alexithymia and psychological well being of students with dyscalculia. Conclusion: According to results, teaching emotion regulation strategies to students considered to be effective in promoting awareness and positive attitudes. Thus, it is plausible that implementing these strategies tend to play major role as an intervention among students with dyscalculia.

scholarly journals Triple-Blinded Randomized Study to Evaluate the Effect of Acetaminophen and Morphine Sulfate on Pain Relief in MI-patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei ◽  
Shahram Homayounfar ◽  
Behzad Roozbahani ◽  
Melika Malekpour ◽  
Maryam Farhadian
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Morphine Sulfate ◽  
Morphine Sulphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: Myocardial infarction is considered to be the most common symptom of cardiovascular diseases. Regarding the limitation of access to Morphine sulphate as a special drug and complications followed, this study aims to compare the treatment effects of intravenous acetaminophen and morphine sulphate on the reduction of pain in MI patients and to improve the cardiac performance. Methods: The present study is a triple-blind randomized control trial in which 70 patients were divided into two separated groups and the pain was measured using Visual Analogue Scale. All analysis was done using SPSS Software at the significance level of 5 percent. Results: 42 patients were male (60%) of whom 20 were in case group and 22 in control group. There were no significant difference between intervention group and control group in terms of VAS score (p = 0.520). The index change of VAS over the time was statistically significant (p=0.001) in intervention and control groups (intra group change). The results of variance analysis with repeated measurements showed that mean differences of Ejection Fraction over time in both groups of intervention and control was not statistically significant (p=0.28). Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that although Acetaminophen does not have an improved effect on pain control and cardiac performance than Morphine sulphate, it can be still an appropriate alternative for Morphine sulfate due to the lack of destructive effects and its availability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Level in the Serum of Children With Idiopathic Bronchiectasis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Babaei ◽  
Zahra Kanannejad ◽  
Soheila Alyasin
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control

Bronchiectasis is a clinical syndrome characterized by chronic cough, sputum production, recurrent respiratory infections, and permanent bronchial dilation. The association between the level of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) and bronchiectasis is controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate this association in children with idiopathic bronchiectasis. The study was conducted on 20 patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis as the case group (mean age 15.9±2.1) and 20 healthy individuals as the control group (mean age 14.9±2.6). Serum AAT level was measured using nephelometric analysis (g/L). Other criteria including sex, parent consanguinity, number of hospitalizations, age of the first symptom were evaluated in both groups related to AAT level. The mean serum level of AAT in the case and control groups were 1.3±0.29; 1.5±0.59, respectively, with statistical significance (P=0.001). There was a significant difference between the two groups in the AAT level distribution, according to AAT normal range (P=0.01). The case group had a more positive attitude toward consanguinity than the control group (66.7% versus 33.3%; P<0.001). The results showed that 80% of patients had the first symptom of disease under one year of age, 6.6% 1-5 years, 6.6% 5-10 years, and 6.6% in more than ten years old. In the case group, 53.3% had a history of medical hospitalization for one time, 26.7% two times, while 20% of the patients had no medical hospitalization. Decreased AAT serum level and high consanguinity rates may be considered as two risk factors for idiopathic bronchiectasis occurrence in children.

scholarly journals Is there a correlation between GAD2 gene-243 A>G polymorphism and obesity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
Camelia Alkhzouz ◽  
Diana Miclea ◽  
Marius Farcas ◽  
Simona Bucerzan ◽  
Georgiana Cabau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Transcriptional Effect ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction: GAD2 gene encodes the glutamate decarboxylase enzyme which catalyses the transformation of glutamate into γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA. It is suggested that some polymorphic alleles of GAD2 gene, such as -243A>G, have an increased transcriptional effect compared with the wild type, which results in an increase of GABA in the hypothalamus with the subsequent increase of the neuropeptide Y, thus exacerbating the hunger centre and the appetite. The aim of this study was to observe an association between the -243A>G polymorphism with obesity, comparatively studying a group of obese patients and a group of patients with normal weight. Patients and method: 127 patients were clinically evaluated in the Genetic and Endocrine Department of Children’s Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj. The patients were included in two study groups, case group, with obesity (BMI higher than 97 kg/m2) and control group, with normal weight (BMI less than 97 kg/m2). Genotyping for GAD2-243A>G polymorphism was performed using PCR-RFLP technique, the two groups being compared regarding the genotypes and phenotypes. Results and conclusions: In the obesity group, there is a statistically significant difference in BMI (kg/m2) between the subgroups with different genotypes (p=0.01), the AA genotype being less severely affected than AG and GG genotypes. In the normal weight group there is no association between BMI and different genotypes (AA, AG or GG). Also, there is a greater distribution of GG genotypes and G allele in the obesity group compared with the control group, with an odds ratio which suggest that -243A>G polymorphism is a risk factor in obesity development (GG genotype OR=3.76, G allele OR=1.73, p=0.04). The finding of our study is important in explaining the multifactorial model of obesity, our research demonstrating that the GAD2-243 A> G variant could be a risk factor that added to other obesogenic factors would potentiate their effect.

Polymorphism of p53 Codon 72 Gene on Cervical Cancer Incidence in Malay Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Lusia Hayati ◽  
Siska Delvia
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
P53 Codon 72 ◽  
Codon 72 ◽  
Codon 72 Polymorphism ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Malay Population ◽  
And Control

In Indonesia, the cases of cervical cancer are estimated at around 50 per 100.000 people. It wasestimatedthattherearemore than1 millionwomenworldwidewho have cervical cancer,andmostofthemhavenot been diagnosed yet or do not have access to screening and medical treatment. P53 codon 72polymorphism can affect the risk of cervical cancerthrough the regulationofproliferationandcellapoptosis.Thepurpose of this research was to investigate the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and cases ofcervical cancer. This research was observational analytic research. The research was done by examining in thelaboratory of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya by using a case-control studyapproach.Thesampleoftheresearchconsistedof 70subjects,andtheyweredividedintotwogroups:35in casegroup and 35 in the control group. The determination of genotype and allotype was done by using PCR-RFLPtechnics. The results of the research showed there was a significant difference between p53 codon 72polymorphism between the case group and control group. The results of genotypes of p53 codon 72polymorphism in the case group were seven respondents (20.0%) with Pro/Pro genotype, five respondents(14.3%) with Arg/Arg genotype, and 23 respondents (65.7%) with Pro/Arg. While in control group, there were 28respondents (80.0%) with Pro/Pro genotype, 0 respondent (0.0%) with Arg/Arg genotype, and 7 respondents(20%) with Pro/Arg. The frequency of the Prolin allele in case group was 37 (52.9%), and the Arginin allele was 33(47.1%), while the frequency of the Prolin allele in the control group was 63 (90%), and the Arginin allele was 7(10%).TheChi-Squareofgenotypewas valued0.000,OR1,304andCI95%1,071-5,891,whiletheallelewas valued0.000,OR8.027 andCI95% 3.228-19.962. Therewas an associationbetweengenotypeand allele of p53 codon72polymorphismandcasesofcervicalcancer

scholarly journals The effect of distal radius fractures involving the distal radioulnar articular joint on forearm rotation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingde Kong ◽  
Meng Fu ◽  
Jian Lu ◽  
Yanqing Zhou ◽  
Zuzhuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distal Radius ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Distal Radius Fractures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Radius Fractures ◽  
Forearm Rotation ◽  
Sigmoid Notch ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to predict the function of the forearm rotation on the basis of the articular surface of the sigmoid notch from three-dimensional reconstruction images. Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent volar plate fixation for intra-articular distal radius fractures (DRFs) in our institution between January 2017 and July 2019. The 3D image of the sigmoid notch on the fractured distal radius was reconstructed and looked up from the ulnar view to determine the existence of gaps or steps. Patients with or without gaps/steps on the sigmoid notch were included in the case group or control group, respectively. The patients’ basic data and postoperative data were collected and compared. Results A total of 81 patients were included. There were 33 patients in the case group, and 48 patients in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups at baseline. The total range of motion (ROM) of rotation in the case group and control group was 130.3 ± 6.2° and 145.3 ± 6.7°, respectively (P < 0.001). The percentage of rotation ROM of contralateral limb in the case group and control group was 72.3 ± 3.1% and 80.7 ± 3.6%, respectively (P < 0.001). VAS during forearm rotation was 2.1 ± 0.7 in the case group, which is significantly higher than that in the control group (1.5 ± 0.5, P < 0.001). Conclusion This study proposed a new method to assess the articular surface of the sigmoid notch which is based on 3D reconstruction images. With the assistance of this method, we found that gaps or steps on the sigmoid notch not only limit forearm pronation rotation and supination rotation, but also cause apparent wrist pain during forearm rotation movement and poor wrist ability.

scholarly journals Interaction between GDF5 gene polymorphisms and environment factors increased the risk of knee osteoarthritis: a case–control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujie Zhang ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
Hongliang Ji ◽  
Helei Jia ◽  
Dongsheng Guan
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gene Models ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gdf5 Gene

Abstract Using a case–control design, we assessed the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of growth and differentiation factor 5 (GDF5)/rs143383 gene and interaction with environments and knee osteoarthritis (KOA). We recruited 288 KOA patients from the First Clinical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine between June 2017 and May 2018. There was significant difference in genotype distribution between case group and control group (χ2 = 22.661, P=0.000). The minor C allele was significantly higher in the case group than that in the control group (20.5 vs 8.1%, P=0.000, odds ratio (OR) = 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29–2.03). Significant differences were also observed in other gene models. For age, all models show significant differences (P<0.05) for those whose age was more than 60 years, and no significant difference was observed for those under 60 years. For non-smoking group, there were significant differences between case group and control group, and for smoker, significance level was found in TT compared with CC and allele gene models. Patients with drinking and Bbody mass index (MI )≥ 24 also showed significant relationship between rs143383 and osteoarthritis (OA) under the following models: TT vs CC (P=0.000, P=0.018), TT/CT vs CC (P=0.043), TT vs CT/CC (P=0.000, P=0.009), and T vs C (P=0.024, P=0.000). Other gene models indicated no significance (P>0.05). Our results revealed a possible genetic association between GDF5 and KOA, and the TT genotype of rs143383 increased the risk of KOA in Chinese Han population. The interaction between GDF5 gene and drinking, smoking, and obesity further increased the risk of KOA.

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