scholarly journals Enoxaparin Prevents Steroid-Related Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Beckmann ◽  
Hayfaa Shaheen ◽  
Nisreen Kweider ◽  
Alireza Ghassemi ◽  
Athanassios Fragoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Avascular Necrosis ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Body Weight Control ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head is still a challenging problem in orthopedic surgery. It is responsible for 10% of the 500,000 hip replacement surgeries in the USA and affects relatively young, active patients in particular. Main reasons for nontraumatic osteonecrosis are glucocorticoid use, alcoholism, thrombophilia, and hypofibrinolysis (Glueck et al., 1997; Orth and Anagnostakos, 2013). One pathomechanism of steroid-induced osteonecrosis is thought to be impaired blood flow to the femoral head caused by increased thrombus formation and vasoconstriction. To investigate the preventive effect of enoxaparin on steroid-related osteonecrosis, we used male New Zealand white rabbits. Osteonecrosis was induced by methylprednisolone-injection (1×20 mg/kg body weight). Control animals were treated with phosphate-buffered saline. Treatment consisted of an injection of 11.7 mg/kg body weight of enoxaparin per day (Clexane) in addition to methylprednisolone. Four weeks after methylprednisolone-injection the animals were sacrificed. Histology (hematoxylin-eosin and Ladewig staining) was performed, and empty lacunae and histological signs of osteonecrosis were quantified. Histomorphometry revealed a significant increase in empty lacunae and necrotic changed osteocytes in glucocorticoid-treated animals as compared with the glucocorticoid- and Clexane-treated animals and with the control group. No significant difference was detected between the glucocorticoid and Clexane group and the control group. This finding suggests that cotreatment with enoxaparin has the potential to prevent steroid-associated osteonecrosis.Corrigendum to “Enoxaparin Prevents Steroid-Related Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head”

scholarly journals Relationship between rice consumption and body weight gain in Japanese workers: white versus brown rice/multigrain rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 528-532
Author(s):  
Kimi Sawada ◽  
Yukari Takemi ◽  
Nobuko Murayama ◽  
Hiromi Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Japanese Workers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rice Consumption ◽  
Body Weight Control

Increasing obesity rates have driven research into dietary support for body weight control, but previous studies have only assessed changes in body weight of ±3 kg. We investigated the relationships between white or brown/multi-grain rice consumption and 1-year body weight gain ≥3 kg in Japanese factory workers (n = 437). Routine medical check-up data from a 1-year nutrition and lifestyle cohort study were analysed. Participants were divided into white rice and brown/multi-grain rice consumption groups and further classified by tertile of rice consumption. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed by tertile. At 1 year, high white rice consumption was significantly associated with increased risk of body weight gain ≥3 kg compared with low white rice consumption, maintained after adjustment for age, sex, and consumption of other obesogenic foods (p = 0.034). In the brown/multi-grain rice consumption group, however, there was no significant difference in risk between high and low consumption, even after multi-variate adjustment (p = 0.387). The consumption of white rice, but not brown rice/multi-grain rice, was positively correlated with the risk of a 1-year body weight gain of 3 kg or more. This suggests that brown rice/multi-grain rice consumption is useful for body weight control among Japanese workers.

SAT0588 PREVALENCE, INCIDENCE, AND THE CARDIOVASCULAR AND CEREBROVASCULAR RISKS OF NONTRAUMATIC AVASCULAR NECROSIS IN SOUTH KOREA

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1253.1-1253
Author(s):  
Y. J. Ha ◽  
E. H. Park ◽  
E. H. Kang ◽  
Y. W. Song ◽  
Y. J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Avascular Necrosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Background:Due to the shared mechanism of nontraumatic avascular necrosis (AVN) and endothelial dysfunction, the associations of AVN with increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events have been suggested in the several population-based studies.Objectives:This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and incidence of nontraumatic AVN in South Korea from the Korean National Health Insurance Service Sample Cohort Database 2.0 (2006-2015) and to evaluate the risk of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events among patients with nontraumatic AVN.Methods:We defined an incident case as a newly diagnosed and registered patient in the registry in that year, with a 2-year washout period. Prevalent cases were defined as all patients with nontraumatic AVN in the corresponding year. To evaluate the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risks in patients with AVN, we set AVN group composed of patients with an initial diagnosis of non-traumatic AVN between 2008 and 2010 (n=1,150). The comparison group was composed of randomly selected subject (5 per patient with AVN; n = 5,750) who were matched to the AVN group according to age, sex, resident area, and year of AVN diagnosis. The development of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events was tracked in each sampled patient until 2015. Cox proportional hazard regressions were used to calculate the overall risks for the development of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.Results:From 2008 to 2015, the prevalence of nontraumatic AVN increased gradually, but its incidence did not change, with an annual average incidence of 413 per 1 million population and the male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1. The peak incidence occurred in the 50-59 year age group. The incident AVN was more prevalent in male than in female under 70, but there was female predominance after the age of 70 (Figure 1). The patients with AVN had a higher cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events than controls (19.5% versus 14.9%; p = 0.017). Upon univariate Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test, there was a significant difference in major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events-free survival rates between AVN group and control group (p <0.001). However, after adjusting for potential confounders including hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and use of steroid or statin, the association between AVN group and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events was insignificant (adjusted HR 1.114, 95% CI 0.959-1.295, p=0.158)Conclusion:In this population-based cohort study, we provided the updated epidemiologic data of Korean patients with nontraumatic AVN. The increased risk for major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events among AVN patients was not observed in the representative Korean population.References:[1]Kang JH, Lin HC. Increased risk for coronary heart disease after avascular necrosis of femoral head: a 3-year follow-up study. Am Heart J. 2010;159:803-8.[2]Sung PH, Yang YH, Chiang HJ, Chiang JY, Chen CJ, Yip HK, et al Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events are associated with nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2018;476:865-74.Figure 1.Age- and sex-distributed incidence of patients with nontraumatic avascular necrosis in Korea, 2008-2015Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals The effect of overtraining on serum leptin levels in women national wrestlers

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
F. Yamaner
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Training Camp ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sedentary Women ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: Weight control and weight loss during the periods of wrestling competitions are attached great importance -in order to be successful in wrestling. Leptin hormone level is known to play an important role in the control of body weight. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of substantial weight loss on serum leptin levels of women wrestlers during competition periods. Material and Methods: Twenty-five women wrestlers who trained for 2015 European Championship from Turkish National Wrestling Team and 26 sedentary women were recruited voluntarily for this study. Serum leptin levels of wrestlers in the experimental group and sedentary women in the control group were measured after overnight fasting before and after 21 days training camp of 2015 European Championship. Results. Statistically significant difference was found in the direction of decrease in body weight, body mass index (BMI), glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, LD, VLDL and leptin parameters and increase in HDL parameters before and after training camp in the experimental group ( p < .05 ). There was a statistically significant difference in leptin levels between the control group and women wrestlers ( p < .05 ). There was also a statistically significant difference in leptin levels of wrestlers before and after training camp ( p < .05 ). Conclusion. As a result, the data obtained in the study indicate that intense wrestling trainings in camping period brought about weight loss and decreased leptin levels.

Recent insights into body weight control: From physiology to pathology

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Krysiak ◽  
Bogus?aw Okopie? ◽  
Dariusz Belowski ◽  
Andrzej Madej ◽  
Zbigniew Stanis?aw Herman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Body Weight Control

scholarly journals Relationship between Prenatal or Postnatal Exposure to Pesticides and Obesity: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7170
Author(s):  
Helena Pinos ◽  
Beatriz Carrillo ◽  
Ana Merchán ◽  
Judit Biosca-Brull ◽  
Cristian Pérez-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Body Weight Control ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, the worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults and children has dramatically increased. The conventional model regarding the onset of obesity is based on an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. However, other possible environmental factors involved, such as the exposure to chemicals like pesticides, cannot be discarded. These compounds could act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) that may interfere with hormone activity related to several mechanisms involved in body weight control. The main objective of this study was to systematically review the data provided in the scientific literature for a possible association between prenatal and postnatal exposure to pesticides and obesity in offspring. A total of 25 human and 9 animal studies were analyzed. The prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal exposure to organophosphate, organochlorine, pyrethroid, neonicotinoid, and carbamate, as well as a combined pesticide exposure was reviewed. This systematic review reveals that the effects of pesticide exposure on body weight are mostly inconclusive, finding conflicting results in both humans and experimental animals. The outcomes reviewed are dependent on many factors, including dosage and route of administration, species, sex, and treatment duration. More research is needed to effectively evaluate the impact of the combined effects of different pesticides on human health.

scholarly journals Regression of gestational diabetes induced cardiomegaly in offspring of diabetic rat

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honório Sampaio Menezes ◽  
Cláudio Galeano Zettler ◽  
Alice Calone ◽  
Jackson Borges Corrêa ◽  
Carla Bartuscheck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Levene Test

PURPOSE: To compare body weight and length, heart weight and length, heart-to-body weight ratio, glycemia, and morphometric cellular data of offspring of diabetic rats (ODR) and of normal rats (control). METHODS: Diabetes was induced in 3 pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 30 rats, on the 11th day after conception by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin. Six normal pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 50 rats, made up the control group. Morphometric data were obtained using a scale for the weight, length, heart and body measurements. Morphometric cellular data were obtained by a computer assisted method applied to the measurements of myocytes. Statistical analysis utilized Student's t-test, ANOVA and Levene test. RESULTS: Control offspring had greater mean body weight and length than offspring of diabetic rats (p < 0.001). Heart weight and length and heart-to-body ratios of newborn rats differed between groups at birth (p < 0.001), but showed no difference at 21 days. Mean nuclei area and perimetric value of the myocytes decrees throughout the first 21 days of life (p < 0.01) in the diabetic group. CONCLUSIONS: Heart hypertrophy on the offspring of diabetic rats at birth was demonstrated by the significant difference between the groups. After the eleventh day, no difference was found, which confirmed regression of cardiomegaly. The significant difference between the first and the 21th day of life, for nuclei area feature, demonstrate regression of cardiac hypertrophy in the offspring of diabetic rats.

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