scholarly journals Basal Transcription Factor 3 Plays an Important Role in Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyi Wang ◽  
Mengyun Xu ◽  
Ya Wang ◽  
Muhammad Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Conserved Domain ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Regulatory Functions

BTF3 has been recognized to be involved in plant growth and development. But its function remains mostly unknown during seed germination and seedling stage. Here, we have analyzed OsBTF3-related sequences inOryza sativaL. subspecies, japonica, which resembles with the conserved domain of a nascent polypeptide associated complex (NAC) with different homologs of OsBTF3 and human BTF3. Inhibition ofOsj10gBTF3has led to considerable morphological changes during seed germination and seedling growth. Germination percentage was not influenced by the application of GA3, ABA, and NaCl but all concentrations caused wild-type (WT) seeds to germinate more rapidly than the RNAi (Osj10gBTF3Ri) transgenic lines. Seedling inhibition was more severe in theOsj10gBTF3Riseedlings compared with their WT especially when treated with 100 or 200 μM GA3; 50% reduction in shoots was observed inOsj10gBTF3Riseedlings. The expression ofOsj3g1BTF3,Osj3g2BTF3andOsj10gBTF3was primarily constitutive and generally modulated by NaCl, ABA, and GA3stresses in bothOsj10gBTF3Rilines and WT at the early seedling stage, suggesting thatOsj3g1BTF3andOsj10gBTF3are much similar but different fromOsj3g2BTF3in biological function. These results show that OsBTF3 plays an important role in seed germination and seedling growth gives a new perception demonstrating that more multifaceted regulatory functions are linked with BTF3 in plants.

scholarly journals Tomato Seed Coat Permeability to Selected Carbon Nanomaterials and Enhancement of Germination and Seedling Growth

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsiana A. Ratnikova ◽  
Ramakrishna Podila ◽  
Apparao M. Rao ◽  
Alan G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
Fluorescence And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials

Seed coat permeability was examined using a model that tested the effects of soaking tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seeds in combination with carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNMs) and ultrasonic irradiation (US). Penetration of seed coats to the embryo by CBNMs, as well as CBNMs effects on seed germination and seedling growth, was examined. Two CBNMs, C60(OH)20(fullerol) and multiwalled nanotubes (MWNTs), were applied at 50 mg/L, and treatment exposure ranged from 0 to 60 minutes. Bright field, fluorescence, and electron microscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy provided corroborating evidence that neither CBNM was able to penetrate the seed coat. The restriction of nanomaterial (NM) uptake was attributed to the semipermeable layer located at the innermost layer of the seed coat adjacent to the endosperm. Seed treatments using US at 30 or 60 minutes in the presence of MWNTs physically disrupted the seed coat; however, the integrity of the semipermeable layer was not impaired. The germination percentage and seedling length and weight were enhanced in the presence of MWNTs but were not altered by C60(OH)20. The combined exposure of seeds to NMs and US provided insight into the nanoparticle-seed interaction and may serve as a delivery system for enhancing seed germination and early seedling growth.

scholarly journals AUTOTOXICITY IN TOUGH LOVEGRASS ( Eragrostis plana )

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. FAVARETTO ◽  
S.M. SCHEFFER-BASSO ◽  
N.B. PEREZ
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

ABSTRACT Autotoxicity in tough lovegrass has been analyzed in the field, but has never been tested in allelopathy bioassays. Therefore, this study aimed to verify and compare the autotoxicity of leaves and roots from aqueous extracts of tough lovegrass on its germination and early seedling growth. Extracts of green leaves (GL), senescent leaves (SL), and roots (R) at concentrations of 0.05, 0.15, and 0.25 g mL-1 were analyzed on how they affected seed germination and seedling growth. The extracts, regardless of the source or concentration of the material used, have significantly reduced germination percentage, index of germination speed, and root growth of seedlings of tough lovegrass. Effects on mean germination time and shoot length varied according to the origin and concentration of the extracts. GL, at concentrations 0.15 and 0.25 g mL-1, showed the most damaging effect. In tough lovegrass, autotoxicity is a mechanism that may be involved in the control of germination and plant growth, which could explain the distance between their clumps in the field.

scholarly journals Autoallelopathic Potential of Leaflets and Seeds on Seedling Growth of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.O.A. Warrag ◽  
A.S. AI-Wasel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

The autoalle1opathic effects of date palm leaflets and seed aqueous extracts, with -0.05, -0.1 and -0.2 mPa osmotic potentials, on seed germination and early seedling growth were investigated. Final seed germination percentage, seed germination rate, the time of radicle appearance, and plumule length were not affected. In contrast, the cotyledonary sheath and radicle lengths were significantly retarded, whereas the time of plumule appearance was significantly increased by most of the extracts in comparison with the distilled water control. Mannitol solutions, with the same osmotic potential and pH as the extracts, resulted in significantly longer cotyledonary sheaths and radicles and an earlier plumule appearance than their corresponding extracts. Thus, it could be deduced that date palm leaflets and seeds contain water-soluble allelochemicals that could substantially retard early seedling growth of the same species.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Cynanchum bungei Decne (Asclepiadaceae) in Response to Photoperiod, Temperature, and Seed Size

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1338-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Seed Propagation

Cynanchum bungei Decne is a rare, endemic, and important medicinal plant species in China. Seed germination and early seedling growth of large seeds (greater than 7 mm) and small seeds (smaller than 7 mm) were investigated at three temperatures (15, 20, and 25 °C) in both continuous light and alternating light/dark photoperiods to determine seed propagation requirements. Photoperiod significantly affected seed germination and early seedling growth. Germination and seedling growth at a 12:12-h photoperiod performed better than in continuous light. Temperature had a significant effect on germination index (GI), vigor index (VI), germination velocity (GV), mean germination time (MGT), shoot biomass (SB), root biomass (RB), and taproot length (TL), but no significant effect on final germination percentage (FGP). A temperature of 20 °C was the optimum temperature for seed germination and early seedling growth. Average growth height (AGH) and relative growth rate (RGR) of shoots at 15 °C were greater than that at 20 °C. Large seeds had better germination and seedling performance than small seeds. However, small-seeded seedlings had greater biomass allocated to roots (BAR) and root-to-seedling ratio (RSR) than seedlings from large seeds. Small seeds of C. bungei could be more competent in unfavorable soil and light conditions than large seeds.

Effect of Zinc on Seed Germination, Coleoptile Growth and Root Elongation of Six Pulses

2014 ◽  
Vol 618 ◽  
pp. 339-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Tao ◽  
Mei Ying Guo ◽  
Dan Xu ◽  
Jun Ren
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Lathyrus Odoratus ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Different Levels

The ecotoxicological effects of Zn2+ on germination and early seedling growth of six pulses were investigated. Seeds of these plants were exposed to seven different concentrations of Zn (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, and 6.4 mM). The results indicated that root growth and shoot elongation of six pulse plants were more sensitive than seed germination and dry weight for measurement of the toxic of Zn2+ pollutions. Different species show different levels of tolerance to Zn2+ pollution. Vigna radiate and Lathyrus odoratus are the most sensitive to Zn2+, their germination percentage, root growth, shoot elongation and dry weight were significantly lower than other tested species, by contrast, Glycine max and Dumasia villosa are the most resist species, their germination and seedling growth almost were not influenced by Zn2+ pollution significantly comparing the control. There were significantly negatively correlations between seedling growth and increasing concentration of Zn2+ for Glycine max, Lathyrus odoratus and Dumasia villosa. The significantly negative correlations between germination and increasing concentration of Zn2+ were show for Lathyrus odoratus.

scholarly journals The CBL-Interacting Protein Kinase NtCIPK23 Positively Regulates Seed Germination and Early Seedling Development in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Sujuan Shi ◽  
Lulu An ◽  
Jingjing Mao ◽  
Oluwaseun Olayemi Aluko ◽  
Zia Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Cotyledon Expansion

CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) family is a unique group of serine/threonine protein kinase family identified in plants. Among this family, AtCIPK23 and its homologs in some plants are taken as a notable group for their importance in ions transport and stress responses. However, there are limited reports on their roles in seedling growth and development, especially in Solanaceae plants. In this study, NtCIPK23, a homolog of AtCIPK23 was cloned from Nicotiana tabacum. Expression analysis showed that NtCIPK23 is mainly expressed in the radicle, hypocotyl, and cotyledons of young tobacco seedlings. The transcriptional level of NtCIPK23 changes rapidly and spatiotemporally during seed germination and early seedling growth. To study the biological function of NtCIPK23 at these stages, the overexpressing and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-out (ntcipk23) tobacco lines were generated. Phenotype analysis indicated that knock-out of NtCIPK23 significantly delays seed germination and the appearance of green cotyledon of young tobacco seedling. Overexpression of NtCIPK23 promotes cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings. The expression of NtCIPK23 in hypocotyl is strongly upregulated by darkness and inhibited under light, suggesting that a regulatory mechanism of light might underlie. Consistently, a more obvious difference in hypocotyl length among different tobacco materials was observed in the dark, compared to that under the light, indicating that the upregulation of NtCIPK23 contributes greatly to the hypocotyl elongation. Taken together, NtCIPK23 not only enhances tobacco seed germination, but also accelerate early seedling growth by promoting cotyledon greening rate, cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings.

scholarly journals Assessment on the Effects of Potting Media on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-975
Author(s):  
M.K. Peter ◽  
SIN Agera ◽  
J.I. Amonum
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Poultry Droppings

This study investigated the effects of potting media on seed germination and early seedling growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir at the Forestry Nursery in Jos, Nigeria. Using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates, laboratory-tested soil samples, top soil, sharp sand, sharp sand + top soil, sharp sand + top soil + cow dung and sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings were used in various combinations to assess the growth parameters of P. erinaceus (germination percentage, emergence, plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves and stem diameter) for 12 weeks. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze collected data. Result indicated that sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings had the highest nitrogen concentration (2.19%), sharp sand + top soil + cow dung (2.07%), sharp sand + top soil (1.50%), top soil (0.72%) and Sharp sand (0.38%). Potting media with poultry droppings recorded an overall higher percentage germination of 42.9% by the end of the germination period. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of collected data on combined soil aggregate on growth parameters indicated a significant (p<0.05) difference in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and stem diameter. Potting with poultry dropping gave the best potting media growth results when compared to other treatments that enhanced seed germination and seedling growth of P. erinaceus. This superior observation of the poultry droppings incorporated potting mixtures over the cow dung provides an outstanding potentials to enhance P. erinaceus plantation establishment. Consequently, recommended for raising seedlings in the nursery as well as ensuring sustainable management.

scholarly journals The Use of Germination Indices for Salinity Tolerance Classification of Pepper Cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1304
Author(s):  
Gamze Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Germination Indices

The study aimed to evaluate the use of germination indices as a screening tool for salinity tolerance during germination and early seedling growth of pepper cultivars, and to distinguish the potential for genetic responses to salt tolerance. In the study, the seeds of seven pepper cultivars were germinated at increasing NaCl levels of 5, 10, 15 and 20 dS/m and distilled water as the control treatment for 14 days. Germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI), germination stress tolerance index (GSTI), seedling length (SL), seedling fresh weight (SFW) and vigor index (VI) were investigated. Results showed that germination percentage decreased with increasing NaCl levels while the highest germination percentage at 20 dS/m was 92% in BT Burdem with no significant reduction. Seedling growth of pepper cultivars was severely inhibited by increasing salinity stress. SFW was depressed depending on reduction in SL due to increasing NaCl. BT-Burli and BT İnce Sivri were the most tolerant cultivars to NaCl and they were used for genetic resources towards salinity. Seedling growth was much more sensitive to salinity than germination because of the highest percent reduction in seedling growth parameters. Among the parameters, GSTI gave the highest significant correlation coefficient with SL and SFW; indicating that it would be useful for estimating seedling growth. It was concluded that genotypic variation was observed among pepper cultivars for salinity tolerance and GSTI could be used for a predictor for salinity tolerance.

Effect of temperature and scarification on germination and emergence of wild safflower, Carthamus oxyacantha Bieb.

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bassiri ◽  
I. Rouhani ◽  
S. R. Ghorashy
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Wild Safflower ◽  
Wild Seed

SUMMARYSeeds of wild safflower, Carthamus oxyacantha Bieb., collected from the Bajgah area, Iran, were subjected to chilling and/or scarification and their germination and emergence characteristics and seedling growth were studied in two laboratory experiments. Seeds of Arak 2811 variety of cultivated safflower, C. tinctorius L., harvested from the same area at the same time was used for comparison.In the first experiment, the untreated, scarified, chilled at 0 °C for 1 month, and chilled and scarified wild seed and seed of the variety Arak 2811 were incubated at six different temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) and their germination percentage and seedling lengths were recorded. In the second experiment, the seeds of the above five treatments were planted in a silty clay loam at room temperature (23 ± 2 °C) and their emergence and seedling heights were noted.In all cases, the cultivated variety, Arak 2811, had higher germination and emergence percentages and seedling heights than the wild type. Germination of both strains was greatly reduced at the two extreme temperatures (5 and 30 °C). The optimum temperatures for germination of the wild and the cultivated strains were between 15 and 20 °C.Scarification of the wild seed did not improve the germination or emergence percentages and chilling of the seed for a month at 0 °C reduced the emergence of the wild seed. Temperature of germination, however, seemed to be an important factor affecting germination and seedling growth of wild safflower.

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