scholarly journals Trajectories of Body Mass Index from Young Adulthood to Middle Age among Canadian Men and Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Yanqing Yi ◽  
Barbara Roebothan ◽  
Jennifer Colbourne ◽  
Victor Maddalena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Aboriginal Women ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
Bmi Trajectory

Knowledge regarding the heterogeneity of BMI trajectories is limited for the Canadian population. Using latent class growth modelling, four distinct BMI trajectories of individuals from young adulthood to middle age were identified for both women and men from the longitudinal data of the National Population Health Survey. The associations between BMI trajectories and the individuals’ sociodemographic characteristics and behavioural factors were also examined. Aboriginal women were found more likely to be in the long-term overweight or obese groups. It reveals that increased years of smoking, drinking, and being physically active were associated with lowering the BMI trajectory in all groups for both women and men, with some exceptions in the long-term normal weight group for men. Increased years of rural living, being employed, and living with low income were associated with raising the BMI trajectory in all groups for women and in some groups for men. Food insecurity was associated with raising the BMI trajectory in each group for both women and men.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index Trajectories among Middle-Aged and Elderly Canadians and Associated Health Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Yanqing Yi ◽  
Barbara Roebothan ◽  
Jennifer Colbourne ◽  
Victor Maddalena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
Back Problems ◽  
Latent Class Growth ◽  
Body Mass Index Trajectories ◽  
Bmi Trajectory

Background. Whether there is heterogeneity in the development of BMI from middle-age onward is still unknown. The primary aim of this study is to analyze long-term obesity and how BMI trajectories are associated with health outcomes in midlife.Methods. Latent Class Growth Modelling was used to capture the changes in BMI over time. In this study, 3070 individuals from the National Population Health Survey (NPHS), aged 40–55 years at baseline, were included.Results. Four BMI trajectory groups, “Normal-Stable” (N-S), “Overweight-Stable” (OV-S), “Obese I-Stable” (OB I-S), and “Obese II-Stable” (OB II-S), were identified. Men, persons of White ancestry, and individuals who had no postsecondary education had higher odds of being in the latter three groups. Moreover, members of the OV-S, OB I-S, and OB II-S groups experienced more asthma, arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, cognitive impairment, and reduced self-rated overall health. Individuals in the OB II-S group were at greater risk for back problems, chronic bronchitis or emphysema, and emotional issues when compared to the N-S group.Conclusion. Understanding different BMI trajectories is important in order to identify people who are at the highest risk of developing comorbidities due to obesity and to establish programs to intervene appropriately.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index Trajectories during 6–18 Years Old and the Risk of Hypertension in Young Adult: A Longitudinal Study in Chinese Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Haoyue Teng ◽  
Jia Hu ◽  
Wenxin Ge ◽  
Qiling Dai ◽  
Ji Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bmi Trajectories

Background. Overweight/obesity in childhood is suggested to increase the risk of hypertension later in life. We aimed to assess whether and how body mass index (BMI) trajectories during 6–18 years of age are associated with hypertension in young adulthood (18–37 years) in the Chinese population. Methods. Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), a total of 1,872 participants who received ≥2 measurements of BMI during 6–18 years and had assessment of blood pressure (BP) in young adulthood were included. BMI trajectories were explored using latent class growth mixture models, and associations between identified trajectories with hypertension in young adulthood were examined by logistic regression analyses. Results. Five heterogeneous BMI trajectories were identified: the low slow-increasing (20.03%), low moderate-increasing (56.14%), low rapid-increasing (17.04%), moderate-increasing (3.63%), and elevated-decreasing (3.15%) groups. Compared with the low slow-increasing group, another three increasing groups had gradually elevated risk of hypertension, yielding maximally adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) (OR (95% CI)) of 2.48 (1.39–4.42), 3.24 (1.66–6.31), and 3.28 (1.19–9.08), respectively, whereas the elevated-decreasing group reversed overweight/obesity to normal weight in childhood, rendering its association with hypertension as not statistically significant (OR (95% CI) = 2.74 (0.98–7.65)). Conclusion. Our study indicates that there are varied BMI trajectories from childhood to adulthood and that an elevated BMI trajectory during childhood is related with an increased risk of hypertension in young adulthood. In contrast, weight loss of children with high initial BMI may mitigate or reverse the risk. Our findings emphasize the importance of BMI continuous monitoring during early life.

scholarly journals BMI trajectory in childhood is associated with asthma incidence at young adulthood mediated by DNA methylation

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rutu Rathod ◽  
Hongmei Zhang ◽  
Wilfried Karmaus ◽  
Susan Ewart ◽  
Latha Kadalayil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
R Package ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Asthma Incidence ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
Bmi Trajectory

Abstract Purpose Body mass index (BMI) is associated with asthma but associations of BMI temporal patterns with asthma incidence are unclear. Previous studies suggest that DNA methylation (DNAm) is associated with asthma status and variation in DNAm is a consequence of BMI changes. This study assessed the direct and indirect (via DNAm) effects of BMI trajectories in childhood on asthma incidence at young adulthood. Methods Data from the Isle of Wight (IoW) birth cohort were included in the analyses. Group-based trajectory modelling was applied to infer latent BMI trajectories from ages 1 to 10 years. An R package, ttscreening, was applied to identify differentially methylated CpGs at age 10 years associated with BMI trajectories, stratified for sex. Logistic regressions were used to further exclude CpGs with DNAm at age 10 years not associated with asthma incidence at 18 years. CpGs discovered via path analyses that mediated the association of BMI trajectories with asthma incidence in the IoW cohort were further tested in an independent cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Children and Parents (ALSPAC). Results Two BMI trajectories (high vs. normal) were identified. Of the 442,474 CpG sites, DNAm at 159 CpGs in males and 212 in females were potentially associated with BMI trajectories. Assessment of their association with asthma incidence identified 9 CpGs in males and 6 CpGs in females. DNAm at 4 of these 15 CpGs showed statistically significant mediation effects (p-value < 0.05). At two of the 4 CpGs (cg23632109 and cg10817500), DNAm completely mediated the association (i.e., only statistically significant indirect effects were identified). In the ALSPAC cohort, at all four CpGs, the same direction of mediating effects were observed as those found in the IoW cohort, although statistically insignificant. Conclusion The association of BMI trajectory in childhood with asthma incidence at young adulthood is possibly mediated by DNAm.

Weight Gain Trajectory and Pain Interference in Young Adulthood: Evidence from a Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Tumin ◽  
Adrianne Frech ◽  
Jamie L Lynch ◽  
Vidya T Raman ◽  
Tarun Bhalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
Bmi Trajectory

AbstractObjectiveObesity is associated with chronic pain, but the contribution of body mass index (BMI) trajectories over the life course to the onset of pain problems remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed how BMI trajectories during the transition to adulthood were associated with a measure of pain interference obtained at age 29 in a longitudinal birth cohort study.MethodsData from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 Cohort (follow-up from 1997 to 2015), were used to determine BMI trajectories from age 14 to 29 via group trajectory modeling. At age 29, respondents described whether pain interfered with their work inside and outside the home over the past four weeks (not at all, a little, or a lot). Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to evaluate pain interference according to BMI trajectory and study covariates.ResultsAmong 7,875 respondents, 11% reported “a little” and 4% reported “a lot” of pain interference at age 29. Four BMI trajectory groups were identified, varying in starting BMI and rate of weight gain. The “obese” group (8% of respondents) had a starting BMI of 30 kg/m2 and gained an average of 0.7 kg/m2/y. On multivariable analysis, this group was the most likely to have greater pain interference, compared with “high normal weight” (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.14–1.88), “low normal weight” (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.13–1.87), and “overweight” trajectories (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.02–1.73).ConclusionsObesity and rapid weight gain during the transition to adulthood were associated with higher risk of pain interference among young adults.

scholarly journals Co-varying Patterns of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors and Their Long-Term Maintenance Among Adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihong Liu ◽  
Jinseok Kim ◽  
Natalie Colabianchi ◽  
Andrew Ortaglia ◽  
Russell R. Pate
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Term Maintenance

Background:We examined the covarying patterns of physical activity and sedentary behaviors among adolescents and their long-term maintenance.Methods:Data came from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (1995–2002). We used latent class analysis to identify distinct covarying patterns in adolescence. Logistic regression models were used to predict odds of meeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendations (≥5 bouts/week) and exceeding screen time guidelines (>2 hours/day) 6 years later based on their adolescent class profile.Results:Five classes for each gender were identified and labeled as low physical activity (PA)/low sedentary behaviors (SED), moderate (Mod) PA/high (HI) SED, Mod PA/low SED, HI PA/low SED, and HI PA (except skating/biking)/low SED. Compared with low PA/low SED, males and females in Mod PA/low SED, HI PA/low SED, and HI PA (except skating/biking)/low SED classes had increased odds of meeting MVPA recommendations in young adulthood. Mod PA/HI SED had higher odds of exceeding screen time guidelines in young adulthood (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] for females: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.00−2.81; AOR for males: 3.31, 95% CI: 1.80−6.09).Conclusions:Findings are useful to aid the development of multifactorial interventions that promote physical activity and reduce screen time among adolescents transitioning to adulthood.

Abstract P367: Association of Risk Factor Exposure Patterns Through Young Adulthood With Left Ventricular Structure/Function in Middle Age: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M Lloyd-Jones ◽  
Laura Colangelo ◽  
Beth Lewis ◽  
Pamela Schreiner ◽  
Stephen Sidney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Primordial Prevention ◽  
Exposure Patterns

Background: Data are sparse regarding associations of risk factors (RF) across young adulthood with development of adverse left ventricular (LV) structure and function by middle age, and it is unclear whether baseline, cumulative, or longitudinal RF exposure patterns best represent that risk. Methods: We included up to 2335 CARDIA participants (ppts) who had echocardiographic data from exam year (Y)5, Y25, and Y30, and RF data from at least 3 exams including Y0 and Y25. Echo outcomes included Y30 indexed LV end-systolic (ESD/ht) and -diastolic (EDD/ht) dimensions, and LV mass (M/ht 2.7 ), septal and posterior wall thickness, ejection fraction (EF), and incident adverse geometry (defined as LV concentric remodeling [CR], concentric hypertrophy [cLVH], or eccentric hypertrophy [eLVH]). We used multivariable linear, logistic or polytomous regression (as appropriate to endpoint) to examine associations of RF exposures measured as: 1) baseline (Y0); 2) change from Y0 to Y25; 3) cumulative exposure from Y0 to Y25 (e.g., pack-yrs, mmHg-yrs); or 4) latent class trajectories (using PROC TRAJ) from Y0 to Y25, with adjustment for demographics and relevant Y5 echo measures. Results: At Y30, ppts were 55±4 yrs, 56% women and 44% black; 12% smoked, mean BMI was 30.4±7, 37% had hypertension, and 17% diabetes; 20.5% had incident LVH; 4.5% EF<50%; and 37.2% adverse LV geometry. Models representing cumulative RF exposures tended to have the highest adjusted R 2 and lowest AIC for continuous and categorical Y30 LV outcomes. The table shows associations of cumulative RFs from Y0 to Y25 with incident LVH, EF<50%, and adverse LV geometry at Y30. Few RFs were consistently associated with Y25-Y30 change in echo measures, but they included education and SBP. Conclusions: Among initially healthy young adults, cumulative risk factor exposures (often within clinically normative ranges) over 25 years are significantly associated with continuous LV echo measures and adverse LV outcomes by middle age, suggesting the importance of primordial prevention.

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Association between Childhood BMI Trajectories and Asthma Phenotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Wadden ◽  
Leigh-Anne Allwood Newhook ◽  
Laurie Twells ◽  
Jamie Farrell ◽  
Zhiwei Gao
Keyword(s):  
Missing Values ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Asthma Phenotypes ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
Trajectory Group ◽  
Specific Association ◽  
Bmi Trajectory

Background. Asthma and obesity are two common health problems in the pediatric population. Obesity is associated with several comorbidities which are of great consequence. Excess adipose tissue has been linked to asthma in a number of studies. However, little is known about childhood body mass index (BMI) trajectories and the development of asthma phenotypes. Objective. The current study aims to investigate the significance of BMI trajectories over childhood and the risk of asthma phenotypes. Methods. The current study is a prospective cohort of children aged 0-2 years who were followed every two years for eight years through cycles one to five in the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youths (NLSCY). Statistical analysis: a latent class growth modelling (LCGM) method was used to identify BMI trajectory patterns from cycles one to five. Multiple imputation (number of imputations=5) was carried out to impute children with missing values on height or weight information. Sampling weights and 1,000 bootstrap weights were used in SAS PROC SURVEYLOGISTIC to examine the association between BMI trajectory and asthma phenotypes (persistent or transient asthma) in a multivariate analysis. Results. The study consisted of 571,790 males and 549,230 females. Among them, 46% of children showed an increasing trajectory in terms of change in BMI percentile during childhood, followed by the stable-trajectory group (41%) and decreasing-trajectory group (13%). After controlling for confounding factors, females in the increasing BMI trajectory group were four times more likely to be associated with persistent asthma (OR = 4.09; 95% CI:1.04-16.15; p = 0.0442) than females in the stable BMI trajectory group. No such relationship was found in males. The BMI trajectory was not significantly associated with risk of transient asthma for either sex. Conclusion. We report a female-specific association between increasing adiposity, measured by BMI, and persistent asthma.

scholarly journals BMI Trajectory in Childhood Is Associated With Asthma Incidence at Young Adulthood Mediated by DNA Methylation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rutu Patel ◽  
Hongmei Zhang ◽  
Wilfried Karmaus ◽  
Susan Ewart ◽  
Caroline Relton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
R Package ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Asthma Incidence ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
Bmi Trajectory

Abstract Purpose: Body mass index (BMI) is associated with asthma but associations of BMI temporal patterns with asthma incidence are unclear. Previous studies suggest that DNA methylation (DNAm) is associated with asthma status and variation in DNAm is a consequence of BMI changes. This study assessed the direct and indirect (via DNAm) effects of BMI trajectories in childhood on asthma incidence at young adulthood. Methods: Data from the Isle of Wight (IoW) birth cohort were included in the analyses. Group-based trajectory modelling was applied to infer latent BMI trajectories from ages 1 to 10 years. An R package, ttscreening, was applied to identify differentially methylated CpGs at age 10 years associated with BMI trajectories, stratified for sex. Logistic regressions were used to further exclude CpGs with DNAm at age 10 years not associated with asthma incidence at 18 years. CpGs discovered via path analyses that mediated the association of BMI trajectories with asthma incidence in the IoW cohort were further tested in an independent cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Children and Parents (ALSPAC).Results: Two BMI trajectories (high vs. normal) were identified. Of the 442,474 CpG sites, DNAm at 159 CpGs in males and 212 in females were potentially associated with BMI trajectories. Assessment of their association with asthma incidence identified 9 CpGs in males and 6 CpGs in females. DNAm at 4 of these 15 CpGs showed statistically significant mediation effects (p-value<0.05). At two of the 4 CpGs (cg23632109 and cg10817500), DNAm completely mediated the association (i.e., only statistically significant indirect effects were identified). In the ALSPAC cohort, at all four CpGs, the same direction of mediating effects were observed as those found in the IoW cohort, although statistically insignificant.Conclusion: The association of BMI trajectory in childhood with asthma incidence at young adulthood is possibly mediated by DNAm.

scholarly journals Trajectories of early to mid-life adulthood BMI and incident diabetes: the China Health and Nutrition Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000972
Author(s):  
Jiali Lv ◽  
Bingbing Fan ◽  
Mengke Wei ◽  
Guangshuai Zhou ◽  
Alim Dayimu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Bmi Trajectories

IntroductionThis longitudinal study aims to characterize distinct body mass index (BMI) trajectories during early to mid-life adulthood and to explore the association between BMI change from young adulthood to midlife and incident diabetes.Research design and methodsThis study included 7289 adults who had repeatedly measured BMI 3–9 times during 1989–2011 and information on incident diabetes. Latent class growth mixed model (LCGMM) was used to identify different BMI trajectories. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the association between the trajectory group membership and incident hyperglycemia, adjusting for covariates. The hyperglycemia group included individuals with prediabetes or diabetes. The model-estimated BMI levels and slopes were calculated at each age point in 1-year intervals according to the model parameters and their first derivatives, respectively. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association of model-estimated levels and slopes of BMI at each age point with incident hyperglycemia. The area under the curve (AUC) was computed from longitudinal growth curve models during the follow-up for each individual. Prior to the logistic regression analyses, quartiles of total, baseline, and incremental AUC values were calculated.ResultsThree distinct trajectories were characterized by LCGMM, comprising of low-increasing group (n=5136), medium-increasing group (n=1914), and high-increasing group (n=239). Compared with the low-increasing group, adjusted HRs and 95% CIs were 1.21 (0.99 to 1.48) and 1.56 (1.06 to 2.30) for the medium-increasing and the high-increasing group, respectively. The adjusted standardized ORs of model-estimated BMI levels increased among 20–50 years, ranging from 0.98 (0.87 to 1.10) to 1.19 (1.08 to 1.32). The standardized ORs of level-adjusted linear slopes increased gradually from 1.30 (1.16 to 1.45) to 1.42 (1.21 to 1.67) during 20–29 years, then decreased from 1.41 (1.20 to 1.66) to 1.20 (1.08 to 1.33) during 30–43 years, and finally increased to 1.20 (1.04 to 1.38) until 50 years. The fourth quartile of incremental AUC (OR=1.31, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.66) was significant compared with the first quartile, after adjustment for covariates.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that the BMI trajectories during early adulthood were significantly associated with later-life diabetes. Young adulthood is a crucial period for the development of diabetes, which has implications for early prevention.

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