scholarly journals Detection of PathogenicEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureusfrom Cattle and Pigs Slaughtered in Abattoirs in Vhembe District, South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoline F. Tanih ◽  
Eunice Sekwadi ◽  
Roland N. Ndip ◽  
Pascal O. Bessong
Keyword(s):  
Animal Origin ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Vhembe District ◽  
Epidemiological Significance

Pathogenic food-borne bacteria have been associated with severe morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence ofStaphylococcus aureus, Salmonellaspp., andEscherichia colipresent in cattle and pigs slaughtered in selected abattoirs in Vhembe District and at determining the susceptibility of the isolates to antibiotics. A total of 176 swab samples (28 cattle and 16 pigs) of the rump, flank, brisket, and neck of the animals were analyzed using standard microbiological methods.E. coliisolates were genotyped to detect pathogenic strains. Of the 176 samples, 104 (67.5%) were positive forE. coliand 50 (32.5%) forS. aureus. There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in the isolation rate from the different animal parts or abattoirs. Overall, 14/104 (13.46%) of theE. coliisolates were pathogenic strains which included enteropathogenicE. coli(EPEC) (bfpA) 1.9%, enterotoxigenicE. coli(ETEC) (LT) 3.8%, and enteroaggregativeE. coli(EAEC) (aaiC) 7.6%.E. coliisolates were resistant (100%) to vancomycin and bacitracin.S. aureus(100%) were resistant to oxacillin and nalidixic acid. The presence of resistant strains of these bacteria in food of animal origin could serve as important vehicles transmitting these bacteria to humans. This finding is of epidemiological significance.

Prevalence of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157, O26 and O111 in milk, meat and faeces of cattle, sheep and pigs slaughtered in Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 15667-15675
Author(s):  
Chakirath Folakè Arikè Salifou ◽  
Cyrille Boko ◽  
Isidore Houaga ◽  
Raoul Agossa ◽  
Isabelle Ogbankotan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Cattle Faeces ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

Objectives: The study aimed to search for E. coli O157 and non-O157 in milk, meat and faeces of cattle, sheep and pigs slaughtered in Cotonou. Methodology and Results: One hundred and Seventy-Five (175) samples including 25 meat, 25 faeces per species and 25 milk from cattle were analysed for E. coli O157; O26 and O111 and the virulence genes were identified by PCR. The SAS software (1998) and the bilateral Z test were used to calculate and compare the identification frequencies. E. coli O157 was identified in 4% of cattle faeces, 4% of sheep faeces, and 20% of beef and, in 20% of milk samples. E. coli O26 was identified in 12% of cattle faeces and, in 8% of beef samples. E. coli O111 was identified at frequencies of 8%, and 12% in faeces of sheep and pigs, respectively. The eae gene was detected in 4% of beef, ovine meat, milk, pig faeces and in sheep faeces. stx1 was detected in 8% of milk, and in 4% of bovine and sheep faeces. The strains possessing the gene were all of E. coli O157 with the exception of one from pig faeces identified as O111. Conclusions and application of findings: The presence of these serogroups of E. coli with virulence genes poses a real food safety problem in Benin. This study findings must be taken into account for risk assessment and management related to the consumption of food of animal origin. Keywords: Benin, E. coli O157, O26, O111, faeces, meat, milk

Characterization of Borderline Oxacillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Food of Animal Origin

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1325-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAROSŁAW BYSTROŃ ◽  
MAGDALENA PODKOWIK ◽  
KAMILA KORZEKWA ◽  
ELŻBIETA LIS ◽  
JERZY MOLENDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Type I ◽  
Staphylococcal Protein A ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Resistant Strains

In this study, the molecular characteristics of food-derived oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were determined. Eight borderline oxacillin-resistant strains with MICs of 2 to 4 μg/ml were identified from 132 S. aureus isolates of food origin. One of the two isolates with a MIC of 4 μg/ml was methicillin-resistant determinant (mecA) gene positive, and the other six with MICs of 2 μg/ml were mecA negative. The mecA-positive isolate was classified as sequence type (ST)228, staphylococcal protein A (spa) type t041, and carried the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type I element. Two borderline oxacillin-resistant strains were classified as spa t008 and ST8, and the remaining five as spa t164 and ST20. The mecA-positive strain and four borderline oxacillin-resistant strains were found enterotoxigenic. The enterotoxin genes detected in these strains included selp, egc1, and sed-sej-selr. The borderline-resistant S. aureus isolates from a manually handled product, i.e., minced pork, were shown genetically related to strains associated with human infections. This suggests that humans can be considered as a source of contamination of this food with oxacillin-resistant S. aureus strains. The genotypes of the investigated milk borderline-resistant isolates were shown to occur not only in cows, but also in humans. Since manual handling is reduced in raw milk production, a human origin of S. aureus seems unlikely. Because knowledge of the genotypes of animal staphylococci is limited, more research is needed to address the question of the origin of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains in food.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in meat in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 812-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Iyer ◽  
Taha Kumosani ◽  
Soonham Yaghmoor ◽  
Elie Barbour ◽  
Esam Azhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Butcher Shops

Introduction: Food-borne pathogens are the leading cause of illness and death in developing countries, killing approximately 1.8 million people annually. In developed countries, food-borne pathogens are responsible for millions of cases of infectious gastrointestinal diseases each year, costing billions of dollars. The objective of this study was to screen for two major food-borne pathogens, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., from meat samples obtained from different strata of the consumer market in Jeddah. Methodology: A total of 60 meat samples, 20 each from large hypermarkets, groceries and small butcher shops were used in the study. Samples were transported to the laboratory in a cooler. They were macerated in peptone water and then seeded on selective media appropriate for each organism. Colonies were identified using conventional microbiological methods and suspected colonies were confirmed as E. coli and Salmonella spp. by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. Results: The results indicated a high degree of contamination in samples from butcher shops as compared to those from groceries or hypermarkets (high scale supermarkets). Both pathogens E. coli and Salmonella spp. were found in higher rates in the samples from butcher shops. In small butcher shops, E. coli was found at an incidence of 65%, and Salmonella at 45%. Conclusion: The results indicate an urgent need for applying proper food hygienic practices in food outlets, especially in small ones, to reduce the incidence of food-borne diseases. Vigilance by the right agencies must be implemented in order to prevent future food-borne outbreaks.

scholarly journals Isolation of Shiga toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli from beef and swine carcasses and the characterization of their genes

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. М. Berhilevych ◽  
V. V. Kasianchuk ◽  
O. M. Deriabin ◽  
M. D. Kukhtyn
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Positive Isolate ◽  
Stx1 Gene ◽  
Beef Carcass

Escherichia coli is part of the normal microflora of the intestinal tract of humans and warm-blooded animals, but its presence in raw material and food of animal origin is considered as fecal contamination and can be very dangerous for consumers. The determination of the number of E. coli in raw material and food is important because among them can be pathogenic strains. The most dangerous strains are considered enterohemorrhagic E. coli as a causative agent of severe bloody diarrhea and hemorrhagic uremic syndrome in humans through the production of Shiga-toxin, which is the main virulence factor, responsible for disease. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing strains of E. coli (STEC) from swabs of beef and swine carcass in slaughterhouses in Ukraine and characterize their genes, which are responsible for pathogenic properties. A total of 230 samples of swabs from beef (130) and swine (100) carcasses were obtained from 5 slaughterhouses in Ukraine between 2012 and 2015. Samples of swabs from carcasses were randomly selected at the final point of the process after the final washing of the carcass from the following areas: distal hind limb, abdomen (lateral and medial) from swine carcasses, brisket, flank and flank groin areas from beef carcasses. All samples were examined by culture-dependent method, after that each positive isolate of STEC was analyzed by multiplex PCR to detect the stx1, stx2, and eae genes. Out of 230 collected samples, seven (7.2%) were contaminated with STEC. The highest prevalence of STEC was found in swabs from beef carcasses (8.1%) in comparison to swabs from swine carcasses (5.7%). The stx1 gene was the predominant gene detected in all STEC positive samples. The eae gene was found in one of the examined isolates from beef carcass. Three isolates from swabs of beef carcass carried both stx1 and stx2 genes, one isolate showed association between stx1 and eae genes, one isolate was positive for stx1 gene only. In swabs from swine carcasses (2 isolates) stx1 and stx2 genes were presented simultaneously. The results of this study suggested that fresh raw meat could be a potential vehicle for transmission of the Shiga toxin-producing strain of E. coli to humans. This is the first report of STEC prevalence in beef and swine carcasses in Ukraine and these data will be valuable for microbiological risk assessment and help the appropriate services to develop strategies to mitigate health risk.

Effect of sunlight on the infectivity ofCryptosporidium parvumin seawater

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1101-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abid M. Nasser ◽  
Lital Telser ◽  
Yeshayahu Nitzan
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum Oocysts ◽  
Dark Conditions ◽  
Seawater Samples

The prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms in seawater can result in waterborne and food borne outbreaks. This study was performed to determine the effect of sunlight and salinity on the die-off of Cryptosporidium parvum . Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, Escherichia coli , and MS2 coliphage were seeded into tap water and seawater samples and then exposed to sunlight. The die-off of C. parvum in seawater, as measured by infectivity, was greater under sunlight (–3.08 log10) than under dark conditions (–1.31 log10). While, no significant difference was recorded in the die-off of C. parvum, under dark conditions, in tap water as compared to seawater (P < 0.05), indicating that the synergistic effect of salinity and sunlight was responsible for the enhanced die-off in seawater. The die-off of MS2 coliphage and E. coli was greater than that observed for C. parvum under all tested conditions. This indicates that these microorganisms cannot serve as indicators for the presence of C. parvum oocysts in seawaters. The results of the study suggest that C. parvum can persist as infectious oocysts for a long time in seawater and can thus pose a serious hazard by direct and indirect contact with humans.

scholarly journals An assessment of the microbiological quality of lightly cooked food (including sous-vide) at the point of consumption in England

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (7) ◽  
pp. 1500-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. JØRGENSEN ◽  
L. SADLER-REEVES ◽  
J. SHORE ◽  
H. AIRD ◽  
N. ELVISS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Chicken Liver ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Cooked Food ◽  
Foie Gras

SUMMARYThis observational study aims to investigate the microbiological quality of commercially prepared lightly cooked foods with a major component of food of animal origin and collected as would be served to a consumer. A total of 356 samples were collected from catering (92%), retail (7%) or producers (1%) and all were independent of known incidents of foodborne illness. Using standard methods, all samples were tested for: the presence of Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. and enumerated for levels of, Bacillus spp. including B. cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Listeria spp. including L. monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterobacteriacea and aerobic colony count (ACC). Results were interpreted as unsatisfactory, borderline or satisfactory according to the Health Protection Agency guidelines for assessing the microbiological safety of ready-to-eat foods placed on the market. Amongst all samples, 70% were classified as satisfactory, 18% were borderline and 12% were of unsatisfactory microbiological quality. Amongst the unsatisfactory samples, six (2%) were potentially injurious to health due to the presence of: Salmonella spp. (one duck breast); Campylobacter spp. (two duck breast and one chicken liver pâté); L. monocytogenes at 4·3 × 103 cfu (colony-forming units)/g (one duck confit with foie gras ballotin) and C. perfringens at 2·5 × 105 cfu/g (one chicken liver pâté). The remaining unsatisfactory samples were due to high levels of indicator E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae or ACC.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli O15 : H7 from Food of Animal Origin in Arsi: Occurrence at Catering Establishments and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Geresu Minda Asfaw ◽  
Regassa Shimelis
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile

Escherichia coli O157 : H7 (E. coli O157 : H7) has been found to be the major cause of food-borne diseases and a serious public health problem in the world, with an increasing concern for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant strains. Hitherto, little is known about the carriage of E. coli O157 : H7 and its antimicrobial susceptibility profile in the food of animal origin in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the occurrence and multidrug resistance profile of E. coli O157 : H7 from food of animal origin at different catering establishments in the selected study settings of Arsi Zone. One hundred ninety-two animal origin food items, namely, raw/minced meat (locally known as “Kitfo,” “Kurt,” and “Dulet”), raw milk, egg sandwich, and cream cake samples were collected and processed for microbiological detection of E. coli O157 : H7. Out of 192 samples, 2.1% (4/192) were positive for E. coli O157 : H7. Two E. coli O157 : H7 isolates were obtained from “Dulet” (6.3%) followed by “Kurt” (3.1%, 1/32) and raw milk (3.1%, 1/32), whereas no isolate was obtained from “Kitfo,” egg sandwich, and cream cake samples. Of the 4 E. coli O157 : H7 isolates subjected to 10 panels of antimicrobial discs, 3 (75%) were highly resistant to kanamycin, streptomycin, and nitrofurantoin. Besides, all the isolates displayed multidrug resistance phenotypes, 3 to 5 antimicrobial resistance, amid kanamycin, streptomycin, nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol. The occurrence of multidrug-resistant E. coli O157 : H7 isolates from foods of animal origin sampled from different catering establishments reveals that the general sanitary condition of the catering establishments, utensils used, and personnel hygienic practices did not comply with the recommended standards. Thus, this finding calls for urgent attention toward appropriate controls and good hygienic practices in different catering establishments dealing with consuming raw/undercooked foods of animal origin.

scholarly journals How a routine checking of Escherichia coli in retailed food of animal origin can protect consumers against exposition to Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenes?

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 627-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Trajkovic-Pavlovic ◽  
Budimka Novakovic ◽  
Mirjana Martinov-Cvejin ◽  
Vera Gusman ◽  
Sanja Bijelovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Background/Aim. According to the literature that has been published over the last two decades Campylobacter spp i Listeria monocitogens can be identified as causes of numerous diseases derived by consuming food of animal origin. The purpose of this paper was to find out how established national microbiological criteria of the Republic of Serbia on food safety in retailed food of animal origin could contribute to consumer's protection against exposition to foodborne pathogens such as Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. Methods. During a routine microbiological safety control of randomly selected 60 samples of fresh poultry meat, 30 samples of other fresh meat readymade for grilling, 30 samples of sausage products, 37 samples of heattreated meat, 39 samples of toppings for fast food of animal origin and 31 samples of dairy products a national food safety criteria (Escherichia coli, aerobic plate count, Salmonella spp., coagulasa positive Staphylococcus, Proteus spp., sulphitoreducting Clostridia) were applied and, as well as, testing to Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocitogens. In determination of Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenes, food quality control methods of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) were applied, while in determination of the other above motioned bacteria, national provisions on microbiological methods were applied who are adjusted to the FAO ones. Results. Related to the national criteria on microbiological food safety, 88 (38.8%) samples, out of the total 227 tested, were rejected. When to these results, the results of laboratory tests on Listeria monocytogens were added, a terminal number of rejected samples were not changed. When to these results, the results of Campylobacter spp. testing were added, 91 (40.1%) out of the 227 samples were unsatisfied. Results of logistic regression model with occurrence of Escherichia coli as dependent variable indicated that Escherichia coli was 4.5 times likely to occur among samples with Campylobacter spp. than among samples without Campylobacter spp. (OR = 4.515, 95% CI: 1.019-20.002). Sensitivity of the fitted model (Hosmer-Lemeshow p = 0.268) was 76.8% and its specificity was 75.0%. At the same time Escherichia coli was confound in all (100%) food samples that were contaminated by Listeria monocytogenes. Conclusion. Statistical analysis indicated that Escherichia coli was completely sensitive to identify all samples contaminated with Listeria monocytogenas and highly sensitive to identify samples contaminated with Campylobacter spp. Nevertheless, 3 (1.3%) of the tested samples were not covered with Escherichia coli.

scholarly journals Some Variable Traits of Broiler Genotypes

2012 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Mária Holcvart
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
Paternal Line ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Significant Difference

One the most effective ways to satisfy the requirements of mankind for food of animal origin is the fattening of chicken. Healthy and cheap meat with low fat and high protein content can be produced rapidly and in large quantities by broilers with low feed consumption. This paper presents the production results and carcass traits of three genotypes (Ross 308, Cobb 500, Ross broiler parent) females and males at the age of 42 days.In both sexes, we found that the average body weight of the Ross parents genotype was higher (females: 2643 g; males: 3089 g) than theaverage body weight of the other two hybrids – significant difference was found only between pullets. However, the smallest difference in theaverage body weight between the two sexes (446 g) was found in this genotype. In both sexes, the lowest average weight was detectable inthe case of the Cobb 500 hybrids (females: 2443 g; males: 3052 g).The feed consumption ability of the females were worse – in all but onecase (Ross pullet) – than that of the males. For one kg of weight gain - in the order of genotypes – 1.79kg, 2.08kg and 2.08 kg of feed wasused. The same values for the males were as follows: 1.81kg, 1.80kg and 1.89 kg, respectively.Carcass traits were examined and it was found that the average grillfertig weight, the weight of whole thigh meat and thigh meat of theRoss parents’ genotype was higher than the average weight of the other two hybrids. Significant difference was found only in grillfertig- andwhole thigh meat weight. Pullets of the Ross parents’ paternal line had worse results in the average weight of breast meat with bone andbreast meat fillet than the other two genotypes. In the case of cocks was detectable the inverse of this: the average weight of breast meat withbone was the highest in the cocks of the Ross parents’ maternal line.

Characterization of extended-spectrum and CMY-2 ß-lactamases, and associated virulence genes in Escherichia coli from food of animal origin in México

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (7) ◽  
pp. 1457-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Barrios-Villa ◽  
Gerardo Cortés-Cortés ◽  
Patricia Lozano Zarain ◽  
Sergio Romero-Romero ◽  
Norarizbeth Lara Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Cephalosporin Resistance

Purpose Broad-spectrum cephalosporin resistance is rapidly increasing in Escherichia coli, representing a food safety problem. The purpose of this paper is to characterize eight extended-spectrum-ß-lactamase (ESBL) and acquired AmpC ß-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates and virotypes associated, obtained from chicken and pork food samples in Puebla, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach Samples (36 from chicken and 10 from pork) were cultured on Levine agar plates supplemented with cefotaxime (2 mg/L) for isolation of cefotaxime-resistant (CTXR) E. coli. CTXR-E. coli isolates were detected in 33 of 46 samples (72 percent), and one isolate/sample was characterized (28 from chicken and 5 from pork), for ESBL production, phylogenetic group, sequence typing, resistance and virulence genes by PCR and sequencing. Findings Results showed 16 ESBL-E. coli (35 percent) (12/16 belonging to phylogroup B1) and 8 CMY-2-E. coli (17 percent). ESBL detected were as follows (number of isolates): CTX-M-2 (8); CTX-M-1 (2); CTX-M-15 (1); SHV-2a (4) and TEM-52c (1). In total, 20 different sequence types (STs) were identified among the ESBL- or CMY-2-producing E. coli strains, which included four new ones. The CTX-M-15 β-lactamase was detected in one E. coli ST617-ST10 Cplx-B1 strain that also carried ibeA gene. One CMY-2-positive strain of lineage ST224-B2 was detected and it carried the qnrA1 gene. Originality/value In this study, a ST131-based virotyping scheme for strains from food of animal origin was established since this kind of strains constitutes an important vehicle of virulent ESBL- and CMY-2-producing E. coli isolates, which could be transmitted to humans by direct contact or through the food chain.

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