scholarly journals Relationship of Gallbladder Perforation and Bacteriobilia with Occurrence of Surgical Site Infections following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhar Jain ◽  
Sushanto Neogi ◽  
Rajandeep Singh Bali ◽  
Niket Harsh
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Gallbladder Perforation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Monomicrobial Infection ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Gallbladder Rupture

Aim. To assess the occurrence of SSIs in patients with spillage of gallbladder contents and bacteriobilia during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods. We evaluated 113 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between September 2013 and April 2015. The SSIs and their relationship with gallbladder rupture and bacteriobilia were assessed.Results. The mean age of patients developing SSIs was 45.57 ± 8.89 years. 18 patients (16%) had spillage of bile from the gallbladder. Percentage of SSIs overall was 6%, while percentage of SSIs in gallbladder content spillage was 5.5%. Organism profile of the culture from surgical site showed monomicrobial infection: 58%Staphylococcus aureus, 14%Pseudomonas, and 14%E. coli. The occurrence of SSIs in patients with bacteriobilia was 16% as compared to 2% in patients without bacteriobilia.Conclusions. Gallbladder content spillage is not a significant risk factor leading to increase in SSIs. The occurrence of SSIs is significantly higher in patients with bacteriobilia.

scholarly journals Outcome of Perforated Gallbadder during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Raad Faraj Hanashe ◽  
Hasanain Talib Essa ◽  
Mohanad Abdul Wahid Abdul Razaq
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Gallbladder Perforation ◽  
Early Complications ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
The Mean

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the standard treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Bile duct injury and accidental gallbladder perforation with spillage of bile and stone are common complications of LC. This study was carried out to assess the early complications of gallbladder perforation during LC, and identify the risk factor of that perforation. Objectives: to evaluate the early complications which may occur after the perforation of the gallbladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and to determine the risk factors which are associated with the perforation of the gall bladder.  Subjects and methods: A prospective comparative study on 192 patients who underwent LC between August 2012 to January 2014 in Baghdad teaching hospital. Data were collected, Patients with and without gallbladder perforation were compared in terms of gender, age, anatomic difficulty, the experience of the surgeon, omental and other organ adhesions to the gall bladder. Results: fifty-five patients had a perforation of GB during LC, 46 patients had GB perforated during dissection of gallbladder bed from hepatic fossa. The mean operative time and duration of postoperative hospitalization were longer in the perforated group, perforation occurs more frequently in acute cholecystitis compared to chronic cholecystitis. There were significant risk factors related to gallbladder perforation which include male gender, AC, adhesion around the gallbladder, and experience of the surgeon. Conclusion: accidental gallbladder perforation leading to longer operative and hospital time which loss the advantage of LC. The male gender, AC, and experience of the surgeon had the main risk factors of the perforated gallbladder.

External Ventricular Drain Infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
George K. C. Wong ◽  
Wayne W. S. Poon
Keyword(s):  
Major Trauma ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
External Ventricular Drain ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

Object The authors explored the relationship among the duration of external ventricular drainage, revision of external ventricular drains (EVDs), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infection to shed light on the practice of electively revising these drains. Methods In a retrospective study of 199 patients with 269 EVDs in the intensive care unit at a major trauma center in Australasia, the authors found 21 CSF infections. Acinetobacter accounted for 10 (48%) of these infections. Whereas the duration of drainage was not an independent predictor of infection, multiple insertions of EVDs was a significant risk factor. Second and third EVDs in previously uninfected patients were more likely to become infected than first EVDs. An EVD infection was initially identified a mean of 5.5 ±0.7 days postinsertion (standard error of the mean); these data—that is, the number of days—were normally distributed. Conclusions This pattern of infection is best explained by EVD-associated CSF infections being acquired by the introduction of bacteria on insertion of the drain rather than by subsequent retrograde colonization. Elective EVD revision would be expected to increase infection rates in light of these results, and thus the practice has been abandoned by the authors' institution.

scholarly journals Hydroureteronephrosis in women with pelvic organ prolapse: a prospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3664
Author(s):  
Pushplata Kumari ◽  
Emily Divya Ebenezer ◽  
Caroline Salomi ◽  
Vaibhav Londhe ◽  
Aruna Nitin Kekre
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
The Mean

Background: Pelvic organ prolapses (POP) is a common problem in women. The prevalence of POP increase with age. The true prevalence and risk factor for developing hydroureteronephrosis (HUN) in women with pelvic organ prolapse is still unclear due to lack of prospective studies on sufficiently large cohorts. This prospective study was done to study the prevalence of HUN in women with POP and to identify the risk factors for developing HUN.Methods: In this prospective observational study 219 patients were recruited for surgical repair for pelvic organ prolapse for 2 years.  Preoperatively, all patients had transabdominal scan to assess the uterus, adnexa and to look for Hydroureteronephrosis (HUN). Women with presence of HUN were followed postoperatively look for the resolution of HUN.Results: The prevalence of bilateral HUN was 6.85%. The mean age of women with HUN ranged from 51-69 years. Diabetes and hypertension were significant risk factor for development of HUN (OR 4.70, 95% CI -1.59-13.88 and OR 3.72, 95% CI- 1.23-11.1 respectively). There was a statistically significant correlation between chronic kidney disease and HUN. (OR 1 with 95%: CI 9.49-30.42). The correlation between stage of pelvic organ prolapse and HUN was not statistically significant (p = 0.062). There was a statistically significant correlation between the duration (2years -15 years) of POP to HUN. (OR 0.233, 95%0.13-0.419). Patients were followed up post operatively for resolution of HUN. HUN resolved in 9 women (60%) and persisted in 6 (40%).Conclusions: The prevalence of bilateral HUN in women with pelvic organ prolapse was 6.8%. Presence of hypertension, diabetes and chronic kidney disease was a risk factor for HUN. HUN resolved in 60% of women after pelvic reconstructive surgery.

scholarly journals The Critical Role of Biliary Candidiasis in Development of Surgical Site Infections after Pancreatoduodenectomy: Results of Prospective Study Using a Selective Culture Medium for Candida Species

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kato ◽  
Yusuke Iizawa ◽  
Kei Nakamura ◽  
Kazuyuki Gyoten ◽  
Aoi Hayasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Evidence

In accordance with previous reports, the incidence of biliary candidiasis (BC) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) was reported to be 0 to 5%, and the clinical significance of BC still has been elusive. In this study, we prospectively evaluated the precise incidence of BC after PD using the CHROMagar Candida plate in an attempt to elucidate whether BC has a significant impact on the clinical outcomes after PD.Patients and Method. From November 2014 to March 2016, the consecutive 51 patients who underwent PD were enrolled for this study. The bile juice was prospectively collected through the biliary stent tube on postoperative days (POD) 3, 7, and 14 and directly incubated onto the CHROMagar Candida plate for the cultivation of various Candida species. In the presence or absence of BC, we compared the incidence of SSIs.Results. The incidence of postoperative BC was 15% on POD 3, 24% on POD 7, and 39% on POD 14, respectively. Taken together, 22 patients out of 51 (43.1%) developed BC after PD. Moreover, the incidence of SSIs was significantly higher in patients with BC than in those without it (71% versus 7%, p=0.005). BC was selected as the only significant risk factor of SSIs after PD among the various risk factors. Even though a cause of BC is unknown, high level of alkaline phosphatase (cut-off line >300 IU/L) was selected as the only preoperative risk factor of the development of BC.Conclusion. We elucidated new evidence in which BC could be the independent cause of SSIs after PD and should not be recognized as just contamination artifacts. Preoperative assessment for identifying carriers of Candida species might be essential for reducing the incidence of SSIs after PD.

scholarly journals Oral Mucosal Lesions and DMFT Index Assessment in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Birjand, Iran, in 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Parvin Parvaei ◽  
Afsaneh Dorri-giv ◽  
Gholamreza Sharifzadeh ◽  
Hakimeh Malakimoghadam ◽  
Elham Atabati
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Index Score ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mucosal Lesions

Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) may cause malfunction in the immune system and the inability to observe oral hygiene in patients due to physical deficits. A bacterial infection caused as such can constitute a significant risk factor for the development of systemic infection. The present study aimed to investigate the oral mucosal lesions, the DMFT index, and the Modified Gingival Index (MGI) in RA patients treated in Birjand city. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with 80 RA patients referred to rheumatology clinics of Birjand in 2018. Data were collected through observation, clinical examination, information forms, and medical records. After the patients were informed about the research purposes and signed consent forms for participation, they were examined at the rheumatology clinics. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 19). Results: Of the 80 patients, n = 64 (80%) had oral mucosal lesions. Dry mouth (66.3%) was the most common finding. The mean DMFT index score was 18.7. Conclusion: Oral mucosal lesions and the mean DMFT index score seem to be at high levels in RA patients, possibly due to the complications of the disease or the consumed medications.

scholarly journals Acute abdomen due to spilled gallstones: a diagnostic dilemma 10 years after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Tolga Kafadar ◽  
İsmail Çetinkaya ◽  
Ulaş Aday ◽  
Ömer Başol ◽  
Hüseyin Bilge
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Laparoscopic Technique ◽  
Gallbladder Perforation ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma

Abstract Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) carries a significant risk of gallbladder perforation and resulting scattering of bile stones into the abdominal cavity. The retrieval of the spilled stones is not always possible by laparoscopic technique. Most cases do not create long-term problems, although some cases may be complicated in future and create uncertainties regarding the correct diagnosis. Diagnosis can be difficult, and in most cases the patient may require open surgery for management of these complications. Herein, we report a case of acute abdomen due to spilled stones occurring 10 years after LC. In the first stage, definitive diagnosis could not be made with computed tomography examination. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with explorative laparotomy.

PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Ismail Alismail
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as renal damage with persistent and usually progressive deterioration of ultrafiltration, is a worldwide public health problem. Is considered as a significant risk factor for end-stage renal disease, anemia, cardiovascular disease, and premature death. The aging of the population and the generally increasing rates of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes worldwide suggest that the incidence and prevalence of CKD will rise over the next decades. Materials and Method: The data will consider all patients visiting outpatient’s department at the primary health center attached to King Faisal University in Al-Ahsa  between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2011. From the patients` files, we was record the age, gender, GFR, stages of CKD and state of anemia. Results: In this study, 49.3% of participants were male, and 50.7% was female—only 2.6% of participants on hemodialysis. The prevalence of anemia among the participants in our study was 55.5%. According to the results of the participants in this research, the mean age was 57.82, with a standard deviation of 17.067. The mean Hemoglobin of the participants was 11.775, with a standard deviation of 2.5334. The mean results of the participants by using CKD-EPI formula, to calculate GFR was 74.496 with a standard a deviation of 36.6787, which was the lowest mean of GFR. In Quadratic EGFR formula that was used to calculate GFR, the mean was 84.47 with a standard deviation of 35.677, which was the highest mean of GFR. DMRD formula was also used in this research to calculate the GFR, with a mean of 78.84 with a standard deviation of 50.371. Conclusions: In our data analysis, 100% of patients in the end stage of CKD had anemia although we used three different formulas to calculate GFR; however, the result was the same regarding patients in the end-stage. A surprising fact was found looking to other stages of CKD, and it is a correlation with anemia, the analysis of the data in this study did not show an increasing number of anemic patients to the stage of CKD in a stepwise manner. Keyword: Anemia, CKD, Al-Ahsa

A Point-Prevalence Study on Healthcare-Associated Infections in Vietnam: Public Health Implications

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1039-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truong Arm Thu ◽  
Nguyen Viet Hung ◽  
Nguyen Ngo Quang ◽  
Lennox K. Archibald ◽  
Le Thi Thanh Thuy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Risk ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Point Prevalence Study ◽  
Device Use ◽  
National Reporting System ◽  
Healthcare Associated

During 2008, a point-prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) was conducted in 36 Vietnamese hospitals. Of 7,571 inpatients, 590 (7.8%) had HAIs, including pneumonia (41.9%) and surgical-site infections (27.5%). Device use was a significant risk factor; gram-negative microorganisms predominated. A national reporting system needs to be established for monitoring HAIs and enhancing patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Haemolytic anaemia after childhoodEscherichia coliO 157.H7 infection: are females at increased risk?

1991 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Rowe ◽  
W. Walop ◽  
H. Lior ◽  
A. M. Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Haemolytic Anaemia ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
O 157

SUMMARYWe conducted a 4-year retrospective cohort study to better define the risk of haemolytic anaemia and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) in children following sporadic gastrointestinal infection with the O 157.H7 serotype ofEscherichia coli. Of the 72 children infected with this organism, 9 (12·5%) developed haemolytic anaemia, 6 of whom had HUS. No child in a cohort of 72 age-matched controls withCampylobacter jejunigastroenteritis developed haemolytic anaemia (P= 0·003). Females had a significantly greater risk of developing haemolytic anaemia afterE. coliO 157.H7 infection than did males (8/29 femalesv.1/43 males;P= 0·003). In a logistic regression model, female gender emerged as the only statistically significant risk factor for haemolytic anaemia (odds ratio 3·85; 95% confidence interval 1·24–12). These results are consistent with recent reports of a moderate increase in the risk of HUS for females.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Contact to Animals in Estonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1130
Author(s):  
Kaidi Telling ◽  
Age Brauer ◽  
Mailis Laht ◽  
Piret Kalmus ◽  
Karolin Toompere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Homology Search ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Sequence Types

We have attempted to define the prevalence and risk factors of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-Enterobacteriaceae) carriage, and to characterize antimicrobial susceptibility, beta-lactamase genes, and major types of isolated strains in volunteers, with a specific focus on humans in contact with animals. Samples were collected from 207 volunteers (veterinarians, pig farmers, dog owners, etc.) and cultured on selective agar. Clonal relationships of the isolated ESBL-Enterobacteriaceae were determined by whole genome sequencing and multi-locus sequence typing. Beta-lactamases were detected using a homology search. Subjects filled in questionnaires analyzed by univariate and multiple logistic regression. Colonization with ESBL-Enterobacteriaceae was found in fecal samples of 14 individuals (6.8%; 95%CI: 3.75–11.09%). In multiple regression analysis, working as a pig farmer was a significant risk factor for ESBL-Enterobacteriaceae carriage (OR 4.8; 95%CI 1.2–19.1). The only species isolated was Escherichia coli that distributed into 11 sequence types. All ESBL-Enterobacteriaceae isolates were of CTX-M genotype, with the blaCTX-M-1 being the most prevalent and more common in pig farmers than in other groups. Despite the generally low prevalence of ESBL-Enterobacteriaceae in Estonia, the pig farmers may still pose a threat to transfer resistant microorganisms. The clinical relevance of predominant blaCTX-M-1 carrying E. coli is still unclear and needs further studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document