scholarly journals Investigating Variations in Gameplay: Cognitive Implications

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Sedig ◽  
Robert Haworth ◽  
Michael Corridore
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Deep Level ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Learning Problem ◽  
Exploratory Investigation ◽  
Games For Learning ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
High Level

There is increasing interest in creating computer games for learning, problem solving, and other high-level cognitive activities. When investigating whether gameplay is conducive to such activities, gameplay is often studied as a whole. As a result, cognitive implications can be linked to the game but not to its structural elements. Given that gameplay arises from interaction between the player and the game, it is the structural components of interaction that should be investigated to better understand the design of gameplay. Furthermore, minor variations in the components of interaction can have significant cognitive implications. However, such variation has not been studied yet. Thus, to gain a better understanding of how we can study the effect of interaction on the cognitive aspect of gameplay, we conducted an exploratory investigation of two computer games. These games were isomorphic at a deep level and only had one minor difference in the structure of their interaction. Volunteers played these games and discussed the cognitive processes that emerged. In one game, they primarily engaged in planning, but in the other game they primarily engaged in visualizing. This paper discusses the results of our investigation as well as its implications for the design of computer games.

scholarly journals ОСОБИСТІСНО-МОТИВАЦІЙНИЙ КОМПОНЕНТ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ВИКЛАДАЧА ТЕХНІЧНОГО ЗАКЛАДУ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Horokhivska T.M.
Keyword(s):  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Pedagogical Skills ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Social Communicative ◽  
Motivational Resources ◽  
Pedagogical Literature ◽  
Scientific Pedagogical

The article presents a theoretical analysis of the personal-motivational component in professional-pedagogical competency of lecturers from technical universities. It conducts a comprehensive review of scientific-pedagogical literature on structural components of the personal-motivational component in the context of a competency-based approach. It comparatively analyzes pedagogical skills and professional-personal qualities of modern lecturers from technical universities. Despite many scientific studies on the structurization of teachers’ professional-pedagogical competency, there is still no single understanding of this concept’s components. The article presents an author’s approach to structuring professional-pedagogical competency of lecturers from technical universities. This approach singles out cognitive-intellectual, personal-motivational, functional-technological, social-communicative and reflexive-regulatory components. Besides, the article clarifies the main scientific approaches to considering semantically similar formulations of the personal-motivational component in professional-pedagogical competency and discloses its structural elements (values, motivational resources, a system of personally and professionally important qualities, pedagogical skills of lecturers). It indicates that the nature of lecturers’ motivational urges (motives, goals, ideals, interests, needs) determines the effectiveness of individual projects for developing professional-pedagogical competency. It finds that the groups of professional-pedagogical values (values-goals; values-means; values-attitudes; values-knowledge; values-qualities) act as the elements of the personal-motivational component. Finally, the article concludes that every pedagogical skill is a complex synthetic quality. It combines certain professional-personal qualities which should be inherent in modern lecturers with a high level of professional-pedagogical competency working at technical universities. У статті здійснено теоретичний аналізособливостей особистісно-мотиваційного компонента про-фесійно-педагогічної компетентності викладача технічного закладу вищої освіти. Проаналізовано науково-педагогічну літературу, присвячену проблемі дослідження структурних складників особистіс-но-мотиваційного компонента в контексті компетентнісного підходу, здійснено порівняльний аналіз відповідності педагогічних здібностей і професійно-особистісних якостей сучасного викладача техніч-ного закладу вищої освіти. Зокрема, наголошено, що, незважаючи на науковий доробок, присвячений структуруванню професійно-педагогічної компетентності педагога, у сучасних науково-педагогічних дослідженнях спостерігається неоднозначність розуміння компонентів цього поняття. Представлено авторський підхід до структурування професійно-педагогічної компетентності викладача технічного закладу вищої освіти, який передбачає виділення пізнавально-інтелектуального, особистісно-моти-ваційного, функціонально-технологічного, соціально-комунікативного та рефлексивно-регулятивно-го компонентів. Визначено основні підходи науковців до розгляду семантично близьких за змістом формулювань особистісно-мотиваційного компонента досліджуваної компетентності та виокремлено його структурні елементи: ціннісно-смислові, мотиваційні ресурси, систему особистісно і професійно важливих якостей, педагогічних здібностей викладача. З’ясовано, що характер мотиваційних спону-кань викладача (мотиви, цілі, ідеали, інтереси, потреби та ін.) визначає ефективність індивідуальних проєктів розвитку професійно-педагогічної компетентності. Зауважено, що складниками особистісно-мотиваційного компонента постають групи професійно-педагогічних цінностей (цінності-цілі; цінно-сті-засоби; цінності-відношення; цінності-знання; цінності-якості). Підкреслено і представлено у вигляді таблиці відповідності, що кожна педагогічна здібність викладача становить складну синтетичну якість, в якій поєднуються окремі професійно-особистісні властивості, якими повинен володіти сучасний викла-дач технічного закладу вищої освіти з високим рівнем професійно-педагогічної компетентності.

scholarly journals The role of cultural practices in the emergence of modern human intelligence

2008 ◽  
Vol 363 (1499) ◽  
pp. 2011-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Hutchins
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Symbolic Representations ◽  
High Level ◽  
Human Brains

Innate cognitive capacities are orchestrated by cultural practices to produce high-level cognitive processes. In human activities, examples of this phenomenon range from everyday inferences about space and time to the most sophisticated reasoning in scientific laboratories. A case is examined in which chimpanzees enter into cultural practices with humans (in experiments) in ways that appear to enable them to engage in symbol-mediated thought. Combining the cultural practices perspective with the theories of embodied cognition and enactment suggests that the chimpanzees' behaviour is actually mediated by non-symbolic representations. The possibility that non-human primates can engage in cultural practices that give them the appearance of symbol-mediated thought opens new avenues for thinking about the coevolution of human culture and human brains.

scholarly journals Inelastic displacement ratios for non-structural components in steel framed structures under forward-directivity near-fault strong-ground motion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Bravo-Haro ◽  
J. R. Virreira ◽  
A. Y. Elghazouli
Keyword(s):  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Framed Structures ◽  
Inelastic Displacement ◽  
Near Fault ◽  
Forward Directivity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Strong Ground

AbstractThis paper describes a detailed numerical investigation into the inelastic displacement ratios of non-structural components mounted within multi-storey steel framed buildings and subjected to ground motions with forward-directivity features which are typical of near-fault events. The study is carried out using detailed multi-degree-of-freedom models of 54 primary steel buildings with different structural characteristics. In conjunction with this, 80 secondary non-structural elements are modelled as single-degree-of-freedom systems and placed at every floor within the primary framed structures, then subsequently analysed through extensive dynamic analysis. The influence of ground motions with forward-directivity effects on the mean response of the inelastic displacement ratios of non-structural components are compared to the results obtained from a reference set of strong-ground motion records representing far-field events. It is shown that the mean demand under near-fault records can be over twice as large as that due to far-fault counterparts, particularly for non-structural components with periods of vibration lower than the fundamental period of the primary building. Based on the results, a prediction model for estimating the inelastic displacement ratios of non-structural components is calibrated for far-field records and near-fault records with directivity features. The model is valid for a wide range of secondary non-structural periods and primary building fundamental periods, as well as for various levels of inelasticity induced within the secondary non-structural elements.

Deep Level Centers in Carbon-Doped High Resistivity GaN

2014 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 492-495
Author(s):  
Huan Cui ◽  
Li Wu Lu ◽  
Ling Sang ◽  
Bai He Chen ◽  
Zhi Wei He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Level ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Deep Levels ◽  
Hall Measurement ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Carbon Doped ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
High Level ◽  
Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition

The deep levels of carbon doped high resistivity (HR) GaN samples grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) has been investigated using thermally stimulated current (TSC) spectroscopy and high temperature (HT) Hall measurement. Two different thickness of 100 and 300 nm were used to be compared. It was found that four distinct deep levels by TSC and one deep level by HT Hall measurement were observed in both samples, which means great help for the decrease of leakage current and lifetime limitations of device utilizing the structure. The activation energy of these levels was calculated and their possible origins were also proposed. The low temperature traps, might be related to VN, 0.50 and 0.52eV related to incorporate a high level carbon, 0.57eV related to VGa, 0.59eV related to CGaor NGa, 0.91 and 0.97eV related to interstitial N1.

scholarly journals Value Orientations in Education System: Approach, Interpretation, and Formation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Antoci ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Pedagogical Model ◽  
Constitutive Components ◽  
Development And Validation

The implemented theoretical study has revealed various scientific positions aimed at: interpreting the concepts of value and value orientation; finding controversial positions and affinities in the use of “value” and “value orientation” concepts; identifyingambiguous positions on structural elements of value orientation and value formation mechanism. The purpose of undertakenresearch was theoretical, experimental and methodological in nature, outlining formation of value orientations in adolescence and youth ages.The developed definitions and determined structural components of value orientations allowed initiation of an experimental investigation of value orientations in adolescents and young people through which interrelation between the constitutive components of value orientation was confirmed, the specifics of values in adolescents and young people was emphasized. Outlining the specifics of value orientation structure led to identification of criteria, indicators and descriptors and to development and validation of a Questionnaire for Value Orientation Assessment. The results of experimental study laid the basis for development and recognition of a Pedagogical Model for formation of value orientations in adolescents and young people. The previously identified mechanism for formation of values and functioning of value orientations was transposed into the nucleus of the Pedagogical Model, which included the following components: behaviour, emotional states, attitudes, convictions, and values. In order to identify the methodology for forming value orientations in the formal, informal and non-formal educational environment, the principles of humanistic, constructivist and cognitivist education, strategies, conditions were highlighted, which ensure a dynamic progress in general development of the personality, implicitly of value orientations, and which is taken into account in framework ofa formative experiment.The data obtained from the validation of the developed Pedagogical Model confirmed its effectiveness and proved that it was a multidimensional one, which could be of great benefit to specialists in the field of Education Sciences and teachers from schools and higher educationalinstitutions.

scholarly journals Effect of tsunami load on the elementary school building of the 23/24 Padang, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 07016
Author(s):  
Fauzan Fauzan ◽  
Khin Thu Zar Htay ◽  
Zawil Huda ◽  
Hafiz Oktaufik ◽  
Geby Aryo Agista
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
School Building ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Risk Zone ◽  
The Public ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
High Level

West Sumatra Province is one of the provinces in Indonesia that is vulnerable to natural disasters, especially earthquakes and tsunamis. Padang city, as the capital city of West Sumatra, is an area that is included in an area with a high level of vulnerability (High Risk Zone) to tsunamis. Therefore, the construction of public buildings such as hospitals, government offices, and school buildings must have certain technical engineering that is able to anticipate the damage and collapse of buildings due to the earthquake and tsunami. One of the public buildings as an educational facility in Padang city is the Elementary School building of the 23/24 (SD 23/24 Padang), located close to the beach. Based on the evaluation results of the Detail Engineering Design (DED) documents, it is found that this building was designed without taking into account the tsunami loads. Therefore, a building assessment should be carried out to check the capacity of the building to resist the working loads, including the tsunami loads, and to investigate the effect of the tsunami loads on the SD 23/24 Padang building. In this study, the building was analyzed using ETABS v.18 software based on the new Indonesian Seismic Code, SNI 1726-2019 for seismic load and FEMA P646-2019 for calculating tsunami loads. The results show that the SD 23/24 Padang building is strong against earthquake loads, but it doesn’t have enough capacity when tsunami loads are applied, in which there are several structural elements (columns/beams) that do not have sufficient capacity to withstand the combined earthquake and tsunami loads. The effect of tsunami loads on the building structure is also discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Simulating and Predicting Dynamical Systems with Spatial Semantic Pointers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Aaron R. Voelker ◽  
Peter Blouw ◽  
Xuan Choo ◽  
Nicole Sandra-Yaffa Dumont ◽  
Terrence C. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Multiple Objects ◽  
Symbolic Structure ◽  
High Level ◽  
Vector Representations

Abstract While neural networks are highly effective at learning task-relevant representations from data, they typically do not learn representations with the kind of symbolic structure that is hypothesized to support high-level cognitive processes, nor do they naturally model such structures within problem domains that are continuous in space and time. To fill these gaps, this work exploits a method for defining vector representations that bind discrete (symbol-like) entities to points in continuous topological spaces in order to simulate and predict the behavior of a range of dynamical systems. These vector representations are spatial semantic pointers (SSPs), and we demonstrate that they can (1) be used to model dynamical systems involving multiple objects represented in a symbol-like manner and (2) be integrated with deep neural networks to predict the future of physical trajectories. These results help unify what have traditionally appeared to be disparate approaches in machine learning.

The development of features in object concepts

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe G. Schyns ◽  
Robert L. Goldstone ◽  
Jean-Pierre Thibaut
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Category Learning ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Object Categorization ◽  
Constructive Induction ◽  
Fixed Space ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
High Level ◽  
Perceptual Changes

According to one productive and influential approach to cognition, categorization, object recognition, and higher level cognitive processes operate on a set of fixed features, which are the output of lower level perceptual processes. In many situations, however, it is the higher level cognitive process being executed that influences the lower level features that are created. Rather than viewing the repertoire of features as being fixed by low-level processes, we present a theory in which people create features to subserve the representation and categorization of objects. Two types of category learning should be distinguished. Fixed space category learning occurs when new categorizations are representable with the available feature set. Flexible space category learning occurs when new categorizations cannot be represented with the features available. Whether fixed or flexible, learning depends on the featural contrasts and similarities between the new category to be represented and the individual's existing concepts. Fixed feature approaches face one of two problems with tasks that call for new features: If the fixed features are fairly high level and directly useful for categorization, then they will not be flexible enough to represent all objects that might be relevant for a new task. If the fixed features are small, subsymbolic fragments (such as pixels), then regularities at the level of the functional features required to accomplish categorizations will not be captured by these primitives. We present evidence of flexible perceptual changes arising from category learning and theoretical arguments for the importance of this flexibility. We describe conditions that promote feature creation and argue against interpreting them in terms of fixed features. Finally, we discuss the implications of functional features for object categorization, conceptual development, chunking, constructive induction, and formal models of dimensionality reduction.

Exposure to Video Games and Decision Making

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-131
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Curcio ◽  
Sara Peracchia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Brain

In the last years, it is ever more frequent to read popular press stories about the effects of video and/or computer games on the brain and on the behavior. In some cases, we can read something claiming that video games “damage the brain,” while in others these activities can “boost brain power,” and such conflicting proclamation create confusion about the real or potential effects of this activity on human beings. Thus, it is very interesting to deeply understand the effect that exposure to video games (VGs) can have on cognitive processes, with particular attention to decision making. Only a few studies have been carried out on this issue: the main aim of this contribution is to clarify these aspects, critically reviewing the existing scientific literature. Particular attention has been dedicated to normal and pathological players, different types of VGs, and moral aspects of decision making vulnerable to VGs. It has been concluded that research in this area is still in its early days, and this short review aims at discussing several issues and challenges that should be addressed to forward this research field.

Control of Vibration Flow at the Joint of an L-Shaped Frame

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mei
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Mechanical Systems ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Shaped Beam ◽  
Structural Joint ◽  
Structural Joints ◽  
Vibration Problems

There has been an increasing interest in vibration control in recent years. This is due to demands for mechanical structures to be lighter and faster. Lighter and faster structures are more prone to vibrations. Hence, there is an imperative need for practical solutions to vibration problems in complex practical mechanical systems. Regardless of the complexity of a structure, from wave vibration standpoint, it consists of only two basic types of structural components, namely, structural elements and structural joints. In this paper, a control strategy is developed for controlling vibrations flowing from one structural element to another through the structural joint. An L-shaped beam is studied as an example structure. Numerical results are given.

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