scholarly journals Integrated Haematological Profiles of RedoxStatus, Lipid, and Inflammatory Protein Biomarkers in Benign Obesity and Unhealthy Obesity with Metabolic Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Lubrano ◽  
Giuseppe Valacchi ◽  
Palma Specchia ◽  
Lucio Gnessi ◽  
Elizaveta P. Rubanenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Protein ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Leukocyte Chemotaxis

The pathogenesis of obesity (OB) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) implies free radical-, oxidized lipid- (LOOH-), and inflammatory cytokine-mediated altered pathways in target organs. Key elements of the transition from benign OB to unhealthy OB+MetS remain unclear. Here, we measured a panel of redox, antioxidant, and inflammation markers in the groups of OB patients (67 with, 45 without MetS) and 90 controls. Both OB groups displayed elevated levels of adipokines and heavy oxidative stress (OS) evidenced by reduced levels of glutathione, downregulated glutathione-S-transferase, increased 4-hydroxynonenal-protein adducts, reactive oxygen species, and membrane-bound monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Exclusively in OB+MetS, higher-than-normal glutathione peroxidase activity, tumor necrosis factor-α, and other proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines/growth factors were observed; a combination of high adipokine plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and MUFA was consistent with increased cardiovascular risk. The uncomplicated OB group showed features of adaptation to OS such as decreased levels of vitamin E, activated superoxide dismutase, and inhibited catalase, suggesting H2O2hyperproduction. Proinflammatory cytokine pattern was normal, except few markers like RANTES, a suitable candidate for therapeutic approaches to prevent a setting of MetS by inhibition of LOOH-primed leukocyte chemotaxis/recruitment to target tissues.

scholarly journals Association among Fibrinolytic Proteins, Metabolic Syndrome Components, Insulin Secretion, and Resistance in Schoolchildren

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Shuen Chen ◽  
Chung-Ze Wu ◽  
Nain-Feng Chu ◽  
Li-Chien Chang ◽  
Dee Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Fibrinolytic Proteins ◽  
Pai 1

We investigated the role of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and its soluble receptors (suPAR) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) components, insulin secretion, and resistance in schoolchildren. We enrolled 387 children, aged 10.3 ± 1.5 years, in Taipei. Anthropometry, fibrinolytic proteins, MetS components, insulin secretion, and resistance were measured. Subjects were divided into normal, overweight, and obese groups. Finally, the relationship between fibrinolytic proteins and metabolic syndrome in boys and girls was analyzed. In boys, PAI-1 was positively associated with body mass index (BMI) percentile, hypertriglyceride, insulin secretion, and resistance. In girls, PAI-1 was positively associated with obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin secretion. In girls, uPA was positively associated with insulin secretion. suPAR was positively associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in both boys and girls, and with BMI percentile and body fat in girls. The obese boys had higher suPAR and PAI-1 levels than the normal group. The obese girls had higher uPA, suPAR, and PAI-1 than the normal group. Boys and girls with MetS had higher PAI-1. Fibrinolytic proteins, especially PAI-1, are associated with MetS components and insulin secretion in children. Fibrinolytic proteins changes were more likely to occur in girls than in boys.

INFLAMMATORY MARKERS, HEMOSTATIC PARAMETERS AND STATUS OF TARGET ORGANS IN YOUNG PATIENTS WITH VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Вл. Чулков ◽  
В. Сумеркина ◽  
В. Чулков ◽  
Н. Вереина ◽  
С. Синицын
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Target Organs

Введение. Согласно современным представлениям, инициирующим фактором для запуска каскада метаболических нарушений при артериальной гипертензии (АГ) и абдоминальном ожирении (АО) является инсулинорезистентность. Активация локального и системного воспалительного ответа, а также протромботические изменения при АГ и АО являются основой для органных поражений, прогрессирования атеросклеротического процесса и развития осложнений. Цель исследования. Изучение взаимосвязи между маркерами воспалительного ответа, показателями гемостаза и состоянием органов-мишеней у молодых пациентов с различными компонентами метаболического синдрома. Материалы и методы. Проведена комплексная оценка взаимосвязи уровней адипокинов, цитокинов и показателей гемостаза с состоянием органов-мишеней у 251 пациента в возрасте 18–44 лет: 1 группа — 35 пациентов с изолированной АГ; 2 группа — 76 пациентов с изолированным АО; 3 группа — 60 пациентов с сочетанием АГ и АО; 4 группа — 80 практически здоровых волонтеров. Результаты. У больных с комбинацией АГ и АО выявлено повышение лептина и интерлейкина-6, снижение адипонектина и протромботические изменения гемостаза по сравнению с пациентами с изолированными АГ, АО и практически здоровыми. В группе больных с комбинацией АГ и АО с бóльшей частотой обнаруживались гипертрофия левого желудочка и увеличение комплекса интима-медиа сонных артерий по сравнению с пациентами, имевшими только АГ и только АО. Обнаружены положительные линейные корреляции индекса массы миокарда левого желудочка с концентрацией интерлейкина-6 и толщины комплекса интима-медиа с уровнем интерлейкина-1β, отрицательная связь этих показателей с уровнями адипонектина и ингибитора активатора плазминогена 1 типа. Заключение. При сочетании АГ с АО в молодом возрасте чаще выявляется субклиническое поражение органов-мишеней; установлено более высокое содержание глюкозы, общего холестерина, холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности, триглицеридов, лептина, интерлейкина-6, фибриногена, ингибитора активатора плазминогена 1 типа и ингибитора пути тканевого фактора по сравнению с пациентами с изолированной АГ и изолированным АО. Introduction. According to modern concepts insulin resistance is the initiating factor for triggering a cascade of metabolic disorders in hypertension (AH) and abdominal obesity (AO). Activation of local and systemic infl ammatory response as well as prothrombotic changes at AH and AO are the basis for organ’s lesions, progression of atherosclerotic process and complications development. The aim: to study the relationship between the markers of infl ammatory response, hemostatic parameters and target organs in young patients with diff erent components of metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods. Complex assessment of relationships between adipokines, cytokines, hemostatic parameters and status of target organs was done in 251 patients (18–44 years old): group 1–35 patients with isolated AH; group 2–76 patients with isolated AO; group 3–60 patients with combination of AH and AO; group 4–80 practically healthy volunteers. Results. In patients with combination of AH and AO we revealed increased values of leptin and interleukin-6, decreased values of adipokine and prothrombotic changes as compared to patients with isolated AH, isolated AO and with healthy people. Left ventricular hypertrophy and thickening of intima-media of carotid arteries were revealed more frequently in patients with combination of AH and AO. We found positive correlations between the left ventricular mass index and interleukin-6 content, thickening of intima-media complex and interleukin-1β concentration, negative correlation of these parameters with adiponectin level and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 content. Conclusion. The subclinical lesion of target organs is more often detected in young people with AH in combination with AO; higher levels of glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, inhibitor of plasminogen activator type 1 and inhibitor of tissue factor were revealed as compared to patients with isolated AH and with isolated AO.

Association of prothrombotic adipokine (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) with TSH in metabolic syndrome: a case control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Ahirwar ◽  
Archana Singh ◽  
Anju Jain ◽  
Kirti Kaim ◽  
Shilpa Bhardwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
Control Study

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) involves a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, including abnormal lipids, insulin resistance and hypertension. The aim of the present study is to investigate associations between thyroid profile and the pro-thrombotic mediator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), in MetS and identify associated biochemical markers.Materials and methodsThe present study was a case control study and consisted of 50 diagnosed cases of MetS and 50 healthy volunteers as controls. MetS cases were further divided into two groups based on the presence and absence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). Data collected included demographic profile, clinical history and routine lab investigation. Special investigations included the thyroid function test and serum PAI-1 levels.ResultsThe mean serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were significantly higher in MetS cases as compared to controls (5.7 ± 1.2 mIU/L vs. 2.3 ± 1.6 mIU/L, p < 0.0001), although the mean triiodothyronine (TConclusionThe present study points towards the presence of thyroid dysfunction, in the form of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), in cases of MetS. In the presence of thyroid dysfunction, abnormal adipocytes may release adipokines, such as PAI-1, which lead to increased risk of thrombotic episodes in these patients. Hence, SCH should be appropriately managed.

scholarly journals Inflammation, obesity, and thrombosis

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (20) ◽  
pp. 3415-3422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahumiya Samad ◽  
Wolfram Ruf
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Protease Activated Receptors ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract Clinical and epidemiological studies support a connection between obesity and thrombosis, involving elevated expression of the prothrombotic molecules plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and tissue factor (TF) and increased platelet activation. Cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome–associated disorders, including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and hepatic steatosis, involve inflammation elicited by infiltration and activation of immune cells, particularly macrophages, into adipose tissue. Although TF has been clearly linked to a procoagulant state in obesity, emerging genetic and pharmacologic evidence indicate that TF signaling via G protein-coupled protease-activated receptors (PAR2, PAR1) additionally drives multiple aspects of the metabolic syndrome. TF–PAR2 signaling in adipocytes contributes to diet-induced obesity by decreasing metabolism and energy expenditure, whereas TF–PAR2 signaling in hematopoietic and myeloid cells drives adipose tissue inflammation, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance. TF-initiated coagulation leading to thrombin–PAR1 signaling also contributes to diet-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation in certain models. Thus, in obese patients, clinical markers of a prothrombotic state may indicate a risk for the development of complications of the metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, TF-induced signaling could provide new therapeutic targets for drug development at the intersection between obesity, inflammation, and thrombosis.

scholarly journals Plasma Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Levels and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver in Individuals With Features of Metabolic Syndrome

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela de Larrañaga ◽  
Silvia Perés Wingeyer ◽  
Mabel Graffigna ◽  
Susana Belli ◽  
Karla Bendezú ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Pai 1

Fatty liver represents the liver component of metabolic syndrome and may be involved in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) synthesis. We studied plasma PAI-1 levels and relationships with risk factors for metabolic syndrome, including fatty liver, in 170 patients. Liver ultrasound scan was performed on all patients, and a liver biopsy was performed on those patients with chronically elevated transaminase levels. Plasma PAI-1 levels correlated significantly ( P < .05) with body mass index, degree of steatosis, insulin resistance, insulin level, waist circumference, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) -cholesterol. However, only body mass index (β = .455) and HDL-cholesterol (β = .293) remained predictors of PAI-1 levels. Liver biopsy revealed a significant correlation ( P < .05) between insulin resistance ( r = 0.381) or insulin level ( r = 0.519) and liver fibrosis. In patients presenting features of metabolic syndrome, plasma PAI-1 levels were mainly conditioned by the whole-body fat content.

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