scholarly journals Waste Materials from Tetra Pak Packages as Reinforcement of Polymer Concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Martínez-López ◽  
Gonzalo Martínez-Barrera ◽  
Carlos Barrera-Díaz ◽  
Fernando Ureña-Núñez ◽  
Witold Brostow
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Tetra Pak

Different concentrations (from 1 to 6 wt%) and sizes (0.85, 1.40, and 2.36 mm) of waste Tetra Pak particles replaced partially silica sand in polymer concrete. As is well known, Tetra Pak packages are made up of three raw materials: cellulose (75%), low density polyethylene (20%), and aluminum (5%). The polymer concrete specimens were elaborated with unsaturated polyester resin (20%) and silica sand (80%) and irradiated by using gamma rays at 100 and 200 kGy. The obtained results have shown that compressive and flexural strength and modulus of elasticity decrease gradually, when either Tetra Pak particle concentration or particle size is increased, as regularly occurs in composite materials. Nevertheless, improvements of 14% on both compressive strength and flexural strength as well as 5% for modulus of elasticity were obtained when polymer concrete is irradiated.

scholarly journals Deformability in Unsaturated Polyester Resin-Based Concrete: Effects of the Concentration of Shrinkage-Reducing Agent and Type of Filler

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Heum Yeon ◽  
Hee Jun Lee ◽  
Jaeheum Yeon
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Shrinkage Reducing Agent

In this study, the effects of shrinkage reduction agent (SRA) content and filler type on the deformability characteristics of unsaturated polyester (UP) resin-based polymer concrete were experimentally investigated. Specifically, the setting shrinkage, thermal expansion, maximum compressive strain and the modulus of elasticity of UP polymer concrete were all analyzed. Setting shrinkage was found to be influenced by the UP resin, the SRA and filler. The thermal expansion, maximum compressive strain and modulus of elasticity were also affected by the aggregate. The effect of SRA content on deformability was found to be greater than that of the filler type. To put UP polymer concrete to efficient use, it is essential to secure proper deformability according to the intended purpose. At that time, it is desirable that the deformation characteristics resulting from the SRA content and filler type sufficiently reflect when the mix proportion is determined. The effects of filler type on the deformability of UP polymer concrete are such that: A uniform dispersion of filler particles impacts the setting shrinkage; the thermal expansion is influenced by the filler’s various thermal expansion properties; the compressive strain is related to the nature of the small spherical particles that tend to fill porosity, producing better packing of the aggregate materials; and the modulus of elasticity is influenced by the density, which is related to the strength of the filler. However, additional in-depth studies are required on all of these elements.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Physical Properties of Polyester Polymer Concrete Using Recycled Aggregates from Concrete Sleepers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Carrión ◽  
Laura Montalbán ◽  
Julia I. Real ◽  
Teresa Real
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties

Currently, reuse of solid waste from disused infrastructures is an important environmental issue to study. In this research, polymer concrete was developed by mixing orthophthalic unsaturated polyester resin, artificial microfillers (calcium carbonate), and waste aggregates (basalt and limestone) coming from the recycling process of concrete sleepers. The variation of the mechanical and physical properties of the polymer concrete (compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, density, and water absorption) was analyzed based on the modification of different variables: nature of the recycled aggregates, resin contents (11 wt%, 12 wt%, and 13 wt%), and particle-size distributions of microfillers used. The results show the influence of these variables on mechanical performance of polymer concrete. Compressive and flexural strength of recycled polymer concrete were improved by increasing amount of polyester resin and by optimizing the particle-size distribution of the microfillers. Besides, the results show the feasibility of developing a polymer concrete with excellent mechanical behavior.

Polymer concretes improved by fiber reinforcement and gamma irradiation

e-Polymers ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Martínez-Barrera ◽  
Ana Laura Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Carlos Velasco-Santos ◽  
Witold Brostow
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Compression Modulus ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Compressive Properties ◽  
Atactic Polypropylene ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe well-known key problem with concrete is that its compressive strength and the compression modulus are insufficient for a variety of applications. Our polymer concrete (PC) consists of an unsaturated polyester resin as the polymeric matrix, silica sand as the inorganic aggregate, plus atactic polypropylene (PP) fibers. A further property improvement can be achieved by gamma irradiation and we apply here two methods. The first method consists in irradiation of PP fibers first and then adding them to the PC. The second route consists in irradiation of PC after inclusion of PP fibers. Along both routes we have applied the radiation at dosages ranging from 5 to 150 kGy. In the second route irradiation of silica sand results in larger contact areas of surfaces with PP fibers and with the polyester resin-as seen in scanning electron microscopy. The second route provides compressive properties which is better by a factor of two or three (depending on the irradiation dose) than the first one.

Effect of Cyclic Exposure of Chemicals on Compressive Strength of Polyester Resin Based Polymer Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Jamshidi ◽  
Mohammad Javad Ghasemi ◽  
Abdolreza Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Demineralized Water ◽  
Concrete Production

Polymer concretes (PC) were introduced to building and construction industry more than 50 years ago. Gradually, they became a suitable substitute for concrete structures. Their superior properties againt aggresives introduced them as a good overlay for concrete structures; however, their application was shortly diminished due to the higher costs. In this research a homemade cost-quality effective resin (unsaturated polyester) is used as binder in the polymer concrete production. Polymer concrete specimens were evaluated for compressive strength and its fluctuation due to cyclic exposure to different aggresive solutions (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, citric acid, chloridric acid, sodum sulfate, water, demineralized water, sodium hydroxid, potasium hydroxid and gas oil). It was found that PC specimens degraded more in alkali conditioned in comparison to acid solutions.

scholarly journals Effect of Water on Some Mechanical Properties for Sawdust and Chopped Reeds /UPE composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-560
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Molding Method ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Composite Samples

In this study, composite materials were prepared using unsaturated polyester resin as binder with two types of fillers (sawdust and chopped reeds). The molding method is used to prepare sheets of UPE / sawdust composite and UPE / chopped reeds composite. The mechanical properties were studied including flexural strength and Young's modulus for the samples at normal conditions (N.C). The Commercial wood, UPE and its composite samples were immersed in water for about 30 days to find the weight gain (Mt%) of water for the samples, also to find the effect of water on their flexural strength and Young's modulus. The results showed that the samples of UPE / chopped reeds composite gained highest values of flexural strength (24.5 MPa) and Young's modulus (5.1 GPa) as compared with other composites at (N.C). The results showed that the wet samples of sawdust composite have lowest values of weight gain (Mt %) of water (0.043%) as compared with other composites after immersion. Also it’s showed a slight decrease in values of Young's modulus for all the samples after immersion as compared with the samples at (N.C). Finally it’s showed a slight decrease in values of flexural strength for all the samples except for the composite material formed from UPE / chopped reeds which showed an increase in the value of flexural strength after immersion, where the wet samples of UPE / chopped reeds composite gained (29 MPa) as compared with the samples at (N.C).

scholarly journals Short- and Long-Term Structural Characterization of Cured-in-Place Pipe Liner with Reinforced Glass Fiber Material

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2073
Author(s):  
Hyon Wook Ji ◽  
Dan Daehyun Koo ◽  
Jeong-Hee Kang
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Structural Strength ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester Resin ◽  
Short And Long Term

Cured-in-place pipe (CIPP), as a kind of trenchless sewer rehabilitation technology, is a method to repair sewer pipe using unsaturated polyester resin. This study develops a CIPP liner using hot water or steam curing as well as glass fiber, in contrast to traditional methods, which use nonwoven fabric. Composite material samples were fabricated by combining liner materials using various methods, and the structural characteristics of the liners were compared and analyzed through short- and long-term flexural strength tests. A long-term test was conducted for 10,000 h, and the results revealed 13.3 times higher flexural strength and 8 times higher flexural modulus than the American Society for Testing Materials minimum criteria for CIPP short-term properties. The maximum creep retention factor was 0.64, thereby reducing the design thickness of the CIPP by up to 54%. The structural characteristics also improved when glass fibers were mixed with traditional CIPP liner, making it possible to reduce the thickness by 30%. Glass fibers result in high structural strength when combined with unsaturated polyester resin. Structural strength increased, even when glass fibers were mixed with traditional CIPP liner. The main contribution of this research is the development of a high strength CIPP liner and improvement of the structural properties of CIPP lining without using the specially formulated resin or lining materials.

Research on the Microstructure of Leather/Resin Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 833 ◽  
pp. 326-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Yong Zhang ◽  
Xiao Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Leather Wastes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Reuse of leather wastes has been paid much attention. In this article, the chrome tanned cattle (pig) leather and unsaturated polyester resin or epoxy resin were used as raw materials, leather/resin composite material was prepared. The composite sections were examined by optical microscope and environmental scanning electron microscope. By observing the cross section morphology, the performance of composites can be speculated, the effective direction for further research on leather/resin composites and development can be provided.

scholarly journals Polypropylene Fibers as Reinforcements of Polyester-Based Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Martínez-Barrera ◽  
Enrique Vigueras Santiago ◽  
Susana Hernández López ◽  
Osman Gencel ◽  
Fernando Ureña-Nuñez
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Polypropylene Fibers ◽  
Compressive Properties ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Medium Particle ◽  
Medium Particle Size

Effects of gamma radiation and the polypropylene fibers on compressive properties of polymer concrete composites (PC) were studied. The PCs had a composition of 30 wt% of unsaturated polyester resin and 70 wt% of marble particles which have three different sizes (small, medium, and large). The PCs were submitted to 200, 250, and 300 kGy of radiation doses. The results show that the compressive properties depend on the combination of the polypropylene fiber concentration and the applied radiation dose. The compressive strength value is highest when using medium particle size, 0.1 vol% of polypropylene fibers and 250 kGy of dose; moreover, the compressive modulus decreases when increasing the particle size.

Strength of Porous Polymer Concrete and Growth Properties of Plant within Planting Polymer Block Using Unsaturated Polyester Resin

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Yong Sung ◽  
Young Ik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester Resin ◽  
Porous Polymer ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Coverage Ratio ◽  
Polymer Block

This research was performed to provide strength property of porous polymer concrete using unsaturated polyester resin depending on the amount of binder and planting properties on coverage ratio and growth of plants in planting polymer block through planting of cool-season grass and herbaceous plant in porous polymer block. The compressive strength of porous polymer concrete depending on the binder contents and aggregate sizes were in the range of 17.1 to 23.2MPa. In the planting polymer block with Tall fescue, Perennial ryegrass and Alfalfa, the coverage ratio (in 12 weeks after seeing) were more than 7 point regardless of the kinds of plants, respectively. The roots length of plants in planting polymer block completely passed through not only the block with height of 5 cm but also the block with height of 10 cm in 20 weeks after seeding. Planting polymer block with Tall fescue, Perennial ryegrass and Alfalfa indicates that it will be advantageous to environment-friendly greening works such as greening of slopes and revetments

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