scholarly journals Characterization of JamaicanDelonix regiaandCassia fistulaSeed Extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Goldson Barnaby ◽  
Raymond Reid ◽  
Vaughn Rattray ◽  
Ruth Williams ◽  
Marcel Denny
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Seed Extracts

Delonix regiaandCassia fistulaseed extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activity, total phenolics, ash, zinc and fatty acid content. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to assess the chemical functionalities present within the seeds. Antioxidant activity was determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays. Total phenolics were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Lipid extracts were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Zinc concentration was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Extracts from the seeds ofC. fistulahad a higher antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging activity, and phenolic content thanD. regia. FTIR revealed that the seeds are a rich source of protein with small quantities of fat.C. fistulaextracts contained a higher percentage of total fat thanD. regia. Palmitic acid was identified as the predominant saturated fatty acid in both extracts. Oleic acid and linoleic acid were identified in smaller quantities. Seed extracts may be considered for use in food and nutraceutical applications.

Essential fatty acid components and antioxidant activities of eight Cephalaria species from southwestern Anatolia

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 2297-2304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Süheyla Kırmızıgül ◽  
Nazlı Böke ◽  
Hüseyin Sümbül ◽  
R. Süleyman Göktürk ◽  
Nazlı Arda
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Hexane Extracts

The hexane extracts of eight Cephalaria (Dipsacaceae) species, which were collected from southwestern Anatolia, were obtained by Soxhlet apparatus. The fatty acids were derived to methyl esters and determined by gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) systems. The dominant fatty acid components and maximum percentages were detected as myristic [in C. joppica (17.48 %)], palmitic [in C. cilicica, C. elmaliensis, C. isaurica, C. scoparia (19.51 %), and C. gazipashaensis], linoleic [in C. joppica (33.02 %), C. elmaliensis, C. dipsacoides, and C. gazipashaensis], α-linolenic (ALA) [in C. cilicica, C. elmaliensis, C. isaurica, C. scoparia, C. lycica, and C. gazipashaensis (47.95 %)] and oleic [in C. isaurica and C. dipsacoides (40.66 %)] acids. The antioxidant activity of all hexane extracts was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric thiocyanate (FTC), and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods. The results indicate that hexane extracts of Cephalaria species possess considerable antioxidant activity. The highest radical scavenging activity was detected in C. isaurica (IC50 = 741 μg/mL). The most effective species on lipid peroxidation are C. lycica and C. gazipashaensis in FTC and TBA assays, respectively. This study reveals that Cephalaria species are attractive sources of fatty acid components, especially the essential ones, as well as of effective natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Antidesma bunius Fruit Extract on Carbohydrate Digestive Enzymes Activity and Protein Glycation In Vitro

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Pattamaporn Aksornchu ◽  
Netima Chamnansilpa ◽  
Sirichai Adisakwattana ◽  
Thavaree Thilavech ◽  
Charoonsri Choosak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ic50 Values

Antidesma bunius (L.) spreng (Mamao) is widely distributed in Northeastern Thailand. Antidesma bunius has been reported to contain anthocyanins, which possess antioxidant and antihypertensive actions. However, the antidiabetic and antiglycation activity of Antidesma bunius fruit extract has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory activity of anthocyanin-enriched fraction of Antidesma bunius fruit extract (ABE) against pancreatic α-amylase, intestinal α-glucosidase (maltase and sucrase), protein glycation, as well as antioxidant activity. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) chromatogram revealed that ABE contained phytochemical compounds such as cyanidin-3-glucoside, delphinidin-3-glucoside, ellagic acid, and myricetin-3-galactoside. ABE inhibited intestinal maltase and sucrase activity with the IC50 values of 0.76 ± 0.02 mg/mL and 1.33 ± 0.03 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, ABE (0.25 mg/mL) reduced the formation of fluorescent AGEs and the level of Nε-carboxymethyllysine (Nε-CML) in fructose and glucose-induced protein glycation during four weeks of incubation. During the glycation process, the protein carbonyl and β-amyloid cross structure were decreased by ABE (0.25 mg/mL). In addition, ABE exhibited antioxidant activity through DPPH radical scavenging activity and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) with the IC50 values 15.84 ± 0.06 µg/mL and 166.1 ± 2.40 µg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) showed an EC50 value of 182.22 ± 0.64 µg/mL. The findings suggest that ABE may be a promising agent for inhibiting carbohydrate digestive enzyme activity, reducing monosaccharide-induced protein glycation, and antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOLVENTS ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF CALOTROPIS PROCERA AND AZADIRACHTA INDICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Sharmistha Banerjee ◽  
Shuchi Kaushik ◽  
Rajesh Singh Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Peroxide Radical ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Leaf Powder

ABSTRACTObjective: This study was performed to identify the phytochemicals and comparatively evaluate the antioxidant activity of Calotropis procera andAzadirachta indica by detection of total phenolics, hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity, and estimation of condensed tannins in differentsolvent systems and at different temperatures.Methods: Leaves of C. procera and A. indica were extracted in water, methanol by soaking dried leaf powder at room temperature and also by boilingthe leaf powder in water for 30 minutes. Phytochemical tests were performed in all of the extracts. The antioxidant activity was determined byhydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity. Quantitative estimation of total phenolics and hydrolysable tannins was also performed.Results: The total phenolics in both leaf extracts was obtained maximum in boiled extract (40.7±1.20 mg gallic acid equivalent [GAE]/g dry extractin C. procera and 33.66±1.45 mg GAE/g dry extract in A. indica). The amount of hydrolysable tannins in both leaf extracts was found to be highest inmethanol (150±1.88 mg catechin equivalent/g dry extract in C. procera and 144.8±2.63 mg catechin equivalent/g dry extract in A. indica).Conclusion: The study showed promising results indicating that these plants are a good source of antioxidants. The majority of phytochemicals wereextracted in distilled water and methanol acts as a good solvent for extraction of tannins, whereas an increase in temperature leads to poor extractionof tannins.Keywords: Antioxidant, Phytochemicals, Phenolics, Radical, Tannins.© 2017 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF SOME GALACTOPOIETICS HERBS USED IN INDONESIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ade Chandra Iwansyah ◽  
Rizal M. Damanik ◽  
Lilik Kustiyah ◽  
Muhammad Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phenolics Content

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objectives of this research were to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity; phenolics and flavonoids contents; and chemical composition of some galactopoietic herbs used in Indonesia and to find a possible relationship between antioxidant activity; phenolics, flavonoids and chemical composition of these plants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A wide range of analytical parameters was studied, including yield; pH; water activity (a<sub>w</sub>); total color difference; phenolics and flavonoids content; moisture; ash; protein; fat; carbohydrate; fiber; calcium; zinc; magnesium; potassium; iron content; and the data were analyzed by partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the correlation between the parameters and classification of the plants. Folin–cioceltaeu assay, aluminum chloride assay and DPPH scavenging assay were used to evaluate of total phenolics content and free radical scavenging activity of the ethanolic extract of galactopoietic herbs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All of the galactagogue herbs, <em>viz</em>. <em>Plectranthus amboinicus </em>(Lour.) (PA), <em>Sauropus androgynus</em> (SA), <em>Moringa oleifera</em> (MO), and <em>Carica papaya</em> leaves (CP) exhibited good results of TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity. MO contained the highest average of total phenolics content (53.89 mg GAE/g). SA with a ratio of total flavonoids to total phenolics (TF/TP) which is 1.59 contained the highest average of total flavonoids and antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub>), 43.63 mg QE/g and 126.13 μg/ml, respectively, followed by MO&gt;CA&gt;PA. Based on PLS and PCA analysis, antioxidant activity correlated with fat, protein, phenolics content, flavonoids content and pH, but only the total flavonoids content correlated strongly with antioxidant activity.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This provides useful data about the studied relationships and chemical patterns in some galactopoietic herbs used and provides a helpful tool for understanding much more about the interpretation of results from the experiments and the mechanism of biosynthesis in plants.</p>

scholarly journals Purification, Characterization, Prebiotic Preparations and Antioxidant Activity of Oligosaccharides from Mulberries

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erna Li ◽  
Shiyuan Yang ◽  
Yuxiao Zou ◽  
Weiwei Cheng ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Power

A water-soluble oligosaccharide termed EMOS-1a was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of polysaccharides purified from mulberries by column chromatography. The chemical structure of the purified fraction was investigated by ultraviolet spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, which indicated that galactose was the main constituent of EMOS-1a. Chemical analyses showed that the uronic acid and sulfate content of EMOS-1a were 5.6% and 8.35%, respectively, while gel permeation chromatography showed that EMOS-1a had an average molecular weight of 987 Da. The antioxidant activities of EMOS-1a were next investigated, and EMOS-1a exhibited concentration-dependent 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. The level of proliferation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus reached 1420 ± 16% when 4% (w/v) EMOS-1a was added, where the number of colonies in MRS (de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe) medium with no added oligosaccharide was defined as 100% proliferation. These results indicate that the oligosaccharide EMOS-1a could be used as a natural antioxidant in prebiotic preparations.

scholarly journals The biochemical content and antioxidant capacities of endemic Tanacetum densum (Lab.) Schultz Bip. subsp. laxum, and Tanacetum densum (Lab.) Schultz Bip. subsp. amani Heywood growing in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1106-1114
Author(s):  
İ. Emre
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid Content

Abstract Medicinal plants have a significant role in preventing and curing several diseases, and Tanacetum L. is one of these plants. The aim of the present study is to determine the fatty acid, lipid-soluble vitamin, sterol, phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity of Tanacetum densum subsp. laxum and Tanacetum densum subsp. amani, to compare the effect of altitude on the biochemical content and to compare systematically by using fatty acids and phenolics. This study showed that palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) are major sources of saturated fatty acid and oleic acid (C18:1 n9), and linoleic acid (18:2 n6c) and a-linolenic acid (C18:3 n3) are the principal unsaturated fatty acids in the two endemic Tanacetum densum taxa. Also, this study found that the unsaturated fatty acid content (60.11±1.61%) of Tanacetum densum subsp. laxum was higher than the unsaturated fatty acid content (44.13±1.28%) of Tanacetum densum subsp. amani. And also, the ω6/ω3 ratio of Tanacetum densum subsp. laxum (1.74) and Tanacetum densum subsp. amani (1.60) was found to be similar. However, this study determined that the lipid soluble vitamin and sterol content of two endemic Tanacetum taxa are low except for stigmasterol. Present study showed that catechin is principal phenolic in the Tanacetum densum taxa. This study also found that Tanacetum densum subsp. laxum and Tanacetum densum subsp. amani had the highest levels of catechin, vanillic acid, and caffeic acid content though the phenolic amounts, particularly catechin and quercetin, were dissimilar in the T. densum taxa. This study suggested that ecological conditions such as altitude may affect the biochemical content of two endemic Tanacetum densum taxa. Furthermore, the current study determined that two endemic Tanacetum L. taxa had potent radical scavenging capacities and found a correlation between total phenolics and antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Bioactive lipids, antiradical activity and stability of rosehip seed oil under thermal and photo-induced oxidation

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Turan ◽  
R. Solak ◽  
M. Kiralan ◽  
M. F. Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Bioactive Lipids ◽  
Total Carotenoids

In the present report, the fatty acids, tocopherols, and sterol profiles as well as the total phenolics and carotenoids of rosehip (Rosa canina) seed oil were determined. The major fatty acids in the oil were linoleic and linolenic acids, comprising 54.80% and 23.47% of the total fatty acids, respectively. Other bioactive lipids in the oil included total tocopherols (786.3 mg/kg), total phenolics (37.97 mg/kg) and total carotenoids (218.8 mg/kg). Rosehip oil was rich in γ-tocopherol (472.0 mg/kg) and β‑sitosterol (78.0% of total sterols). The DPPH· (2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of the oil showed 1.08 mg α-tocopherol/g oil and 4.18 μmol TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity)/g oil, respectively. The ABTS+ (2,2′-Azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging activity of the oil showed 1.00 mg α-tocopherol/g oil and 3.02 μmol TEAC/g oil, respectively. The induction period (IP) of the oil was 3.46 h for the Rancimat test (110 °C), while the IP of oil in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test (100-150 °C) ranged between 0.26 and 58.06 min. The oxidative stability of the oil was determined under thermal and photo oxidation conditions. The progression of oxidation at 30 °C (under UV light) and at 60 °C (in the dark) was followed by recording the ultraviolet absorption (K232 and K270) and degradation of total tocopherols, γ-tocopherol and total carotenoids. Rapid deterioration occurred in the oil stored under UV light conditions. The information provided in the present work is of importance for using rosehip seed oil in different food and non-food applications.

scholarly journals Assessment of Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Fresh and Dried Rosehip (Rosa canina L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana PAUNOVIĆ ◽  
Ana KALUŠEVIĆ ◽  
Tanja PETROVIĆ ◽  
Tijana UROŠEVIĆ ◽  
Dušica DJINOVIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
The Impact

This work aimed to evaluate the nutritional and functional properties of rosehip from Serbia. In respect to that, the content of twenty-three elements in the rosehip along with the soil were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy and the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was calculated. The total dry matter, water activity, and the contents of vitamin C, total phenolics and flavonoids were determined. The antioxidant ability of fresh and dried samples was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The obtained extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry techniques. In addition, assessment of the impact of thermal treatment on the chemical composition of rosehip was observed. The study revealed that the most abundant elements in rosehip were K, Ca, Mg, P and S with 2963.0, 1820.0, 709.0, 495.0 and 289.8 mg/kg, respectively. The highest BAF values in the system rosehip/soil were for S, K and P. Contents of ascorbic acid, total phenolics, total flavonoids and the antioxidant activity were reduced after the drying process by 56.3%, 20.4%, 31.3%, 21.9%, respectively. Nevertheless, dried rosehip was still a rich source of bioactive compounds with significant antioxidant activity. The presented results support traditional use of rosehip as food with health and nutritional benefits.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of a Red Bean (Phasoelus vulgaris) Extract and its Fractions

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Amarowicz ◽  
Magdalena Karamać ◽  
Montserrat Dueñas ◽  
Ronald B. Pegg
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Red Bean ◽  
Fraction I

The activities of the crude acetonic extract of red bean and its two fractions were determined using a β-carotene-linoleate model system as well as the total antioxidant activity (TAA), the total phenolics content (TPC), the DPPH radical-scavenging activity, and the reducing power assays. Results from the in vitro assays showed the highest values when tannins (fraction II) were tested. Specifically, the TAA of the tannins fraction was 4.37 mmol Trolox eq./g fraction; whereas, the crude extract and fraction I were 0.481 and 0.093 μmol Trolox eq./mg extract or fraction, respectively. The content of total phenolics in fraction II was the utmost (612 mg/g); the tannins content, assayed by the vanillin method and expressed as absorbance units at 500 nm per 1 g, was 938. RP-HPLC-PAD-MS profiling revealed the presence of 33 compounds: quercetin arabinoglucoside, quercetin rutinoside, quercetin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and kaempferol rutinoside were the most abundant phenolics in the extract.

scholarly journals Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidative Properties of Commercial Tinctures Obtained from Some Lamiaceae Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kowalczyk ◽  
Izabela Biskup ◽  
Izabela Fecka
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Abts Assay ◽  
Dpph Method

The antioxidant level of commercial tinctures from three Lamiaceae plants, Salvia officinalis, Mentha piperita, and Melissa officinalis, have been determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, the 2.2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydracyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging technique and ABTS assay. Total phenolic content was expressed as GAE (gallic acid equivalent) and ranged from 0.24 to 3.99 mg/mL. Antioxidant activity in the ABTS assay, calculated as TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity), ranged from 23.5 to 35.6 μmol Trolox/mL, while in the DPPH method, the EC50 value ranged from 0.04 to 0.07 mL/assay. Radical scavenging activity was correlated with total phenolic content. Correlations between ABTS and F-C methods, DPPH and F-C methods and ABTS and DPPH methods were calculated. The obtained results can be useful as additional information about the antioxidant activity of galenical preparations.

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