scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Phytochemical Contents of Indigenous Nigerian Softwoods

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwuma S. Ezeonu ◽  
Chigozie M. Ejikeme
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Dichrostachys Cinerea ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Anogeissus Leiocarpus ◽  
Phytochemical Contents

The phytochemical contents of some milled Nigerian softwood chips were carried out in a quest to evaluate their potentials as sources of alternative medicine as well as uses in other industrial applications. The qualitative and quantitative analysis were ascertained. Tannin was found in all the Nigerian softwoods examined with the highest quantities obtained in Sterculia oblonga (1240 mg/100 g) and Barteria nigritiana (1230 mg/100 g). Highest quantities of alkaloid were obtained in Cordia millenii (11.2%) and Sterculia oblonga (10.4%). Barteria nigritiana (14.2%) and Moringa oleifera (12.2%) recorded more flavonoid content than other individual softwoods. Saponin was more in Anogeissus leiocarpus (12.5%) and Dichrostachys cinerea (9.8%). Oxalate was found to be higher in Combretodendron macrocarpum (5.84 g/100 g) and Glyphaea brevis (3.55 g/100 g). Pentaclethra macrophylla (890 mg/100 g) and Moringa oleifera (880 mg/100 g) contained more cyanogenic glycosides. Sacoglottis gabonensis (4.68 mg/g) and Pentaclethra macrophylla (4.04 mg/g) showed the highest contents of phenol, while more lipids (8% and 7.2%) were found in Anogeissus leiocarpus and Kaempferia galanga, respectively. The results showed that these Nigerian softwoods grains could be a source for the exploitation of these phytochemicals beneficial in the pharmaceutical and alternative medicine industries.

scholarly journals Determination of Flavonoids Compounds of Three Species and Different Harvesting Periods in Crataegi folium Based on LC-MS/MS

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1602
Author(s):  
Ya-Ping Guo ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Ya-Li Wang ◽  
Xiao-Xiang Chen ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
First Time

Crataegi folium have been used as medicinal and food materials worldwide due to its pharmacological activities. Although the leaves of Crataegus songorica (CS), Crataegus altaica (CA) and Crataegus kansuensis (CK) have rich resources in Xinjiang, China, they can not provide insights into edible and medicinal aspects. Few reports are available on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of flavonoids compounds of their leaves. Therefore, it is necessary to develop efficient methods to determine qualitative and quantitative flavonoids compounds in leaves of CS, CA and CK. In the study, 28 unique compounds were identified in CS versus CK by qualitative analysis. The validated quantitative method was employed to determine the content of eight flavonoids of the leaves of CS, CA and CK within 6 min. The total content of eight flavonoids was 7.8–15.1 mg/g, 0.1–9.1 mg/g and 4.8–10.7 mg/g in the leaves of CS, CA and CK respectively. Besides, the best harvesting periods of the three species were from 17th to 26th September for CS, from 30th September to 15th October for CA and CK. The validated and time-saving method was successfully implemented for the analysis of the content of eight flavonoids compounds in CS, CA and CK for the first time.

Qualitative and quantitative determination of trace aldehydes and ketones in food preservative propionic acid for quality improvement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwen Cao ◽  
Shenjie Zhu ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Qun Cui ◽  
Haiyan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Food Preservative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones ◽  
Aldehyde Content

Aiming at the difficulty in qualitative and quantitative analysis of trace compositions in food preservative propionic acid, the trace compositions and the key components influencing the total aldehyde content in...

Determination of m-Cresol and p-Cresol in Industrial Cresols by Raman Spectrometer

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 1104-1109
Author(s):  
Hui Ying Yu ◽  
Ping Yan
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Deformation Vibration ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Raman Spectrometer ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Gc Analysis

Adopting raman spectrometer to conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis of m-cresol and p-cresol, selecting the respective character peak of bencycloquidium after deformation vibration (m-cresol at 732 cm-1 and p-cresol at 841 cm-1), via experiment and calculations, the relative raman cross section of m-cresol and p-cresol can be concluded:(∂σ/∂Ω)732cm-1/(∂σ/∂Ω)1000cm-1 is 0.74 (height-fitting of the peak), and 0.61 (area-fitting of the peak). This method samples simply and rapidly, and has a short testing time, whose quantitative analysis result of m-/p-cresol is consistent with that of GC analysis.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis of Podospermum and Scorzonera n-Hexane Extracts and the HPLC Quantitation of Triterpenes

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Bahadır-Acıkara ◽  
Serkan Özbilgin ◽  
Gülcin Saltan-İşcan ◽  
Stefano Dall’Acqua ◽  
Veronika Rjašková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hplc Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Lupeol Acetate ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Previously tested n-hexane extracts of the Scorzonera latifolia showed promising bioactivity in vivo. Because triterpenes could account for this activity, n-hexane extracts were analyzed by HPLC to identify and quantify the triterpenes as the most abundant constituents. Other Scorzonera and Podospermum species, potentially containing triterpenic aglycones, were included in the study. An HPLC method for simultaneous determination of triterpene aglycones was therefore developed for analysis of Podospermum and Scorzonera species. n-Hexane extracts of root and aerial parts of S. latifolia, ten other Scorzonera species and two Podospermum species were studied to compare the content of triterpenes. HPLC was used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of α-amyrin, lupeol, lupeol acetate, taraxasteryl acetate, 3-β-hydroxy-fern-7-en-6-one acetate, urs-12-en-11-one-3-acetyl, 3-β-hydroxy-fern-8-en-7-one acetate, and olean-12-en-11-one-3-acetyl. Limits of detection and quantification were determined for each compound. HPLC fingerprinting of n-hexane extracts of Podospermum and Scorzonera species revealed relatively large amounts of triterpenes in a majority of investigated taxa. Lupeol, lupeol acetate, and taraxasteryl acetate were found in a majority of the species, except S. acuminata. The presence of α-amyrin, 3β-hydroxy-fern-7-en-6-one-acetate, urs-12-en-11-one-3-acetyl, 3β-hydroxy-fern-8-en-7-one-acetate, and olean-12-en-11-one-3-acetyl was detected in varying amounts. The triterpene content could correlate with the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Scorzonera, which was previously observed and Scorzonera species that have been determined to contain triterpenes in large amounts and have not yet been tested for their analgesic activity should be tested for their potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential. The presented HPLC method can be used for analysis of triterpene aglycones, for example dedicated to chemosystematic studies of the Scorzonerinae.

X-Ray Fluorescence in Cotton Modification Research

1964 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 456-461
Author(s):  
Donald Mitcham ◽  
Biagio Piccolo ◽  
Verne W. Tripp ◽  
Robert T. O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Cotton Textile ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Elapsed Time

AbstractThe application of X-ray fluorescence to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemically modified cotton textile materials is described. The scope and flexibility of the technique have permitted the determination of more than 20 elements with, greatly reduced elapsed time compared with the corresponding spectroscopic or wet methods. Precautions to be observed in preparing standards are discussed. Results of the analysis of typical modifications and their significance in the development of cottons for specific uses are described.

Electrophoretic Method for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Gelling and Thickening Agents

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-752
Author(s):  
U D O Pechanek ◽  
Gernot Blaicher ◽  
Werner Pfannhauser ◽  
Herbert Woidich
Keyword(s):  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Electrophoretic Method ◽  
Gelling Agents ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Removal Of Fat ◽  
Thickening Agents

Abstract An electrophoretic method has been developed for qualitative and quantitative determination of all common thickening and gelling agents. Thickeners were identified by their migration behavior, their staining ability, and the characteristic shapes of their electrophoretic zones, and then quantitated in a scanner. A method is also reported for isolating thickeners from food, including removal of fat and dyes by dioxane, enzymatic starch degradation, removal of protein by trichloroacetic acid, and precipitation of the polysaccharides by absolute ethanol. Isolation of gelatin is also described.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of Acetylsalicylic Acid, Hydrochlorothiazide, Enalapril, and Atorvastatin in a Polypill-Based Quaternary Mixture by TLC

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 708-713
Author(s):  
Anna Maślanka ◽  
Mariusz Stolarczyk ◽  
Anna Apola ◽  
Anna Kwiecień ◽  
Urszula Hubicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Quaternary Mixture ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract A new chromatographic-densitometric method has been developed for the qualitative and quantitative determination of the active ingredients in a simulated mixture corresponding to the PolyIran polypill, composed of acetylsalicylic acid, hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), enalapril (ENA), and atorvastatin (ATR), whose efficacy in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease has been documented in clinical trials. Chromatographic separation was performed using TLC silica gel 60 plates with fluorescent indicator F254 as the stationary phase and a mixture of n-hexane–ethyl acetate–methanol–water–acetic acid (8.4 + 8 + 3 + 0.4 + 0.2, v/v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Densitometric measurements were carried out at λ = 210 nm when determining ENA and at λ = 265 nm in the case of the other drugs. Peaks of examined substances were well separated in the recorded chromatograms, enabling the evaluation of the results in terms of both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The method was specific for the analyzed components and was characterized by high sensitivity. The LOD was between 0.043 and 0.331 μg/spot, and LOQ was between 0.100 and 0.942 μg/spot. Recovery was in the range of 97.02–101.34%. The linearity range was broad and ranged from 0.600 to 6.000 μg/spot for acetylsalicylic acid, from 0.058 to 1.102 μg/spot for HCT, from 0.505 to 6.560 μg/spot for ENA, and from 0.100 to 1.000 μg/spot for ATR. The method was characterized by good precision, with RSD values that ranged from 0.10 to 2.26%.

scholarly journals Application of optical microscopy for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the solid surface

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-64
Author(s):  
A.A. Dedkova ◽  
◽  
M.A. Makhiboroda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Surface Relief ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Defects Analysis

The possibilities of optical microscopy for preliminary and complex analysis of structures, which are used mainly in microelectronics and micromechanics, are demonstrated. Specific examples of the use of optical microscopy for qualitative and quantitative analysis, development of technological processes, control of defects, analysis of surface relief, determination of the parameters of structures are given. Surface measurements are performed in reflected and transmitted light, using bright and dark field modes.

scholarly journals The Determination of the Iridoids from the Melampyrum species by Modern Chromatographic Methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melania F. MUNTEANU ◽  
Laurian VLASE
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Chromatographic Methods ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Tlc Analysis ◽  
Few Data

The idea of studying the iridoids from the Melampyrum bihariense Kern has started from the few data found about the chemical composition of this species. The literature mentions the presence of iridoids found in two species of Melampyrum: Melampyrum arvense and Melampyrum cristatum. The study consists of a qualitative and quantitative analysis by modern chromatographic methods, TLC.TLC coupled with photo-densitometry as well as chromatography on the high performance column (LC/MS). The methanol extract was done from the flowers and leaves of Melamphyrum bihariense. For the TLC and HPLC, the aucubin was used as standard solution. The obtained chromatogram was examined in visible light spectrum, and then it was revealed with sulphuric anisaldehyde, emphasizing the brown coloured spots. In the TLC case, the chromatographic plate was scanned with a Shimadzu CS9000 photo densitometer after spraying with iron chloride, and for the HPLC the analytical column Atlantis HILIC was used 100 mm x 3.0 mm, 3.5 ?m (water), and the ESI source of ions (electrospray ionisation). After the TLC analysis, the iridoids concentration found in the aucubin is 0.23 mg/mL in flowers and 0.24 mg/mL in leaves, and by the LC/MS method the concentration is of 1.8125 mg/ml in flowers and 2.3037 mg/ml in leaves.

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