scholarly journals Impact of Dental Implant Surface Modifications on Osseointegration

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Smeets ◽  
Bernd Stadlinger ◽  
Frank Schwarz ◽  
Benedicta Beck-Broichsitter ◽  
Ole Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Surface Design ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
Experimental Surface

Objective.The aim of this paper is to review different surface modifications of dental implants and their effect on osseointegration. Common marketed as well as experimental surface modifications are discussed.Discussion.The major challenge for contemporary dental implantologists is to provide oral rehabilitation to patients with healthy bone conditions asking for rapid loading protocols or to patients with quantitatively or qualitatively compromised bone. These charging conditions require advances in implant surface design. The elucidation of bone healing physiology has driven investigators to engineer implant surfaces that closely mimic natural bone characteristics. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of surface modifications that beneficially alter the topography, hydrophilicity, and outer coating of dental implants in order to enhance osseointegration in healthy as well as in compromised bone. In the first part, this paper discusses dental implants that have been successfully used for a number of years focusing on sandblasting, acid-etching, and hydrophilic surface textures. Hereafter, new techniques like Discrete Crystalline Deposition, laser ablation, and surface coatings with proteins, drugs, or growth factors are presented.Conclusion.Major advancements have been made in developing novel surfaces of dental implants. These innovations set the stage for rehabilitating patients with high success and predictable survival rates even in challenging conditions.

scholarly journals The Impact of Dental Implant Surface Modifications on Osseointegration and Biofilm Formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1641
Author(s):  
Stefanie Kligman ◽  
Zhi Ren ◽  
Chun-Hsi Chung ◽  
Michael Angelo Perillo ◽  
Yu-Cheng Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implant ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation ◽  
Surface Design ◽  
Polyether Ether Ketone ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
The Impact

Implant surface design has evolved to meet oral rehabilitation challenges in both healthy and compromised bone. For example, to conquer the most common dental implant-related complications, peri-implantitis, and subsequent implant loss, implant surfaces have been modified to introduce desired properties to a dental implant and thus increase the implant success rate and expand their indications. Until now, a diversity of implant surface modifications, including different physical, chemical, and biological techniques, have been applied to a broad range of materials, such as titanium, zirconia, and polyether ether ketone, to achieve these goals. Ideal modifications enhance the interaction between the implant’s surface and its surrounding bone which will facilitate osseointegration while minimizing the bacterial colonization to reduce the risk of biofilm formation. This review article aims to comprehensively discuss currently available implant surface modifications commonly used in implantology in terms of their impact on osseointegration and biofilm formation, which is critical for clinicians to choose the most suitable materials to improve the success and survival of implantation.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effects of Three Different Treatment Modalities on Dental Implant Surfaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav I. Larsen ◽  
Morten Enersen ◽  
Anne Karin Kristoffersen ◽  
Ann Wennerberg ◽  
Dagmar F. Bunæs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Dental Implant Surface

Resolution of peri-implant inflammation and re-osseointegration of peri-implantitis affected dental implants seem to be dependent on bacterial decontamination. The aims of the study were to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of 3 different instrumentations on a micro-textured dental implant surface contaminated with an avirulent or a virulent Porphyromonas gingivalis strain and to determine alterations to the implant surface following instrumentation. Forty-five dental implants (Straumann SLA) were allocated to 3 treatment groups: Er:YAG laser, chitosan brush, and titanium curette (10 implants each) and a positive (10 implants) and a negative (5 implants) control. Each treatment group and the positive control were split into subgroups of 5 implants subsequently contaminated with either the avirulent or virulent P. gingivalis strain. The antimicrobial effect of instrumentation was evaluated using checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization. Implant surface alterations were determined using a light interferometer. Instrumentation significantly reduced the number of attached P. gingivalis (P < .001) with no significant differences among groups (P = .310). A significant overall higher median score was found for virulent compared with avirulent P. gingivalis strains (P = .007); the Er:YAG laser uniquely effective removing both bacterial strains. The titanium curette significantly altered the implant surface micro-texture. Neither the Er:YAG laser nor the chitosan brush significantly altered the implant surface. The 3 instrumentations appear to have a similar potential to remove P. gingivalis. The titanium curette significantly altered the microstructure of the implant surface.

Comparison of two dental implant surface modifications on implants with same macrodesign: an experimental study in the pelvic sheep model

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 898-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Ernst ◽  
Stefan Stübinger ◽  
Peter Schüpbach ◽  
Michéle Sidler ◽  
Karina Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Dental Implant Surface

scholarly journals Preparation of Bioactive Titanium Surfaces via Fluoride and Fibronectin Retention

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Nelson Elias ◽  
Patricia Abdo Gravina ◽  
Costa e Silva Filho ◽  
Pedro Augusto de Paula Nascente
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Osteoblastic Cells ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

Statement of Problem. The chemical or topographic modification of the dental implant surface can affect bone healing, promote accelerated osteogenesis, and increase bone-implant contact and bonding strength.Objective. In this work, the effects of dental implant surface treatment and fibronectin adsorption on the adhesion of osteoblasts were analyzed.Materials and Methods. Two titanium dental implants (Porous-acid etching and PorousNano-acid etching followed by fluoride ion modification) were characterized by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction before and after the incorporation of human plasma fibronectin (FN). The objective was to investigate the biofunctionalization of these surfaces and examine their effects on the interaction with osteoblastic cells.Results. The evaluation techniques used showed that the Porous and PorousNano implants have similar microstructural characteristics. Spectrophotometry demonstrated similar levels of fibronectin adsorption on both surfaces (80%). The association indexes of osteoblastic cells in FN-treated samples were significantly higher than those in samples without FN. The radioactivity values associated with the same samples, expressed as counts per minute (cpm), suggested that FN incorporation is an important determinant of thein vitrocytocompatibility of the surfaces.Conclusion. The preparation of bioactive titanium surfaces via fluoride and FN retention proved to be a useful treatment to optimize and to accelerate the osseointegration process for dental implants.

scholarly journals Implant Prosthodontic Rehabilitation after Surgical Treatment for an Oropharyngeal Malignant Tumour Using Tantalum Dental Implants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Marko Vuletić ◽  
Ivica Pelivan ◽  
Dragana Gabrić
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Trabecular Metal ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation ◽  
Porous Tantalum ◽  
Oncologic Patients

Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) represents a significant portion of head and neck cancers. In most cases, it is localised in the soft palate, lingual and palatine tonsils, base of the tongue, and the surrounding tissues. Alcohol and tobacco exposure are well-known evidence-based risk factors for developing OPC; however, over the last decade, there has been a rapid increase in OPC linked to human papillomavirus (HPV). Dental implant therapy faces many challenges related to immediate and long-term success, and patients who are rehabilitated with implant prosthodontic therapy often have numerous comorbidities. Tantalum is a rare transitional metal element which has high corrosion resistance and is extremely inert. Porous tantalum trabecular metal (PTTM) has high volumetric porosity, a low modulus of elasticity, and very high friction. PTTM implant surface enhancement allows “osseoincorporation,” which means the neovascularisation and formation of new bone directly onto the implant. A 65-year-old patient presented to the Department of Oral Surgery of Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb after resection of the mandible due to OPC had oral rehabilitation. Three Zimmer Biomet Trabecular Metal™ implants ( 4.1 × 10   mm ) were inserted in the area of lower left first incisor, lower left second premolar, and lower right second premolar, and after four months, a new upper partial denture and the bar-retained mandibular overdenture were made. Implant prosthodontic rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients is usually challenging in terms of achieving an improvement in its main aim, quality of life; however, today it is a safe and reliable therapy. Although radiation therapy may negatively affect the patient’s oral condition and influence the short- and long-term success of the implant, the presented case report showed that the excellent properties of PTTM-enhanced dental implants may give great basis for future comparative researches of using these implants in the treatment of oncologic patients.

scholarly journals Role of Stem Cells in Augmenting Dental Implant Osseointegration: A Systematic Review

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1035
Author(s):  
Mohammed E. Sayed ◽  
Maryam H. Mugri ◽  
Mazen A. Almasri ◽  
Manea Musa Al-Ahmari ◽  
Shilpa Bhandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation

Dental implants are a widely used treatment modality for oral rehabilitation. Implant failures can be a result of many factors, with poor osseointegration being the main culprit. The present systematic review aimed to assess the effect of stem cells on the osseointegration of dental implants. An electronic search of the MEDLINE, LILACS, and EMBASE databases was conducted. We examined quantitative preclinical studies that reported on the effect of mesenchymal stem cells on bone healing after implant insertion. Eighteen studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included. Various surface modification strategies, sites of placement, and cell origins were analyzed. The majority of the selected studies showed a high risk of bias, indicating that caution must be exercised in their interpretation. All the included studies reported that the stem cells used with graft material and scaffolds promoted osseointegration with higher levels of new bone formation. The mesenchymal cells attached to the implant surface facilitated the expression of bio-functionalized biomaterial surfaces, to boost bone formation and osseointegration at the bone–implant interfaces. There was a promotion of osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal cells and osseointegration of biomaterial implants, both in vitro and in vivo. These results highlight the significance of biomodified implant surfaces that can enhance osseointegration. These innovations can improve the stability and success rate of the implants used for oral rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Response to Titanium Implant Surface: Extracellular Matrix Deposition

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 931
Author(s):  
Guya Diletta Marconi ◽  
Luigia Fonticoli ◽  
Ylenia Della Della Rocca ◽  
Thangavelu Soundara Rajan ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Matrix Deposition ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
The Impact

The major challenge for dentistry is to provide the patient an oral rehabilitation to maintain healthy bone conditions in order to reduce the time for loading protocols. Advancement in implant surface design is necessary to favour and promote the osseointegration process. The surface features of titanium dental implant can promote a relevant influence on the morphology and differentiation ability of mesenchymal stem cells, induction of the osteoblastic genes expression and the release of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The present study aimed at evaluating the in vitro effects of two different dental implants with titanium surfaces, TEST and CTRL, to culture the human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Expression of ECM components such as Vimentin, Fibronectin, N-cadherin, Laminin, Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and Integrin beta-1 (ITGB1), and the osteogenic related markers, as runt related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), were investigated. Human PDLSCs cultured on the TEST implant surface demonstrated a better cell adhesion capability as observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and immunofluorescence analysis. Moreover, immunofluorescence and Western blot experiments showed an over expression of Fibronectin, Laminin, N-cadherin and RUNX2 in hPDLSCs seeded on TEST implant surface. The gene expression study by RT-PCR validated the results obtained in protein assays and exhibited the expression of RUNX2, ALP, Vimentin (VIM), Fibronectin (FN1), N-cadherin (CDH2), Laminin (LAMB1), FAK and ITGB1 in hPDLSCs seeded on TEST surface compared to the CTRL dental implant surface. Understanding the mechanisms of ECM components release and its regulation are essential for developing novel strategies in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Our results demonstrated that the impact of treated surfaces of titanium dental implants might increase and accelerate the ECM apposition and provide the starting point to initiate the osseointegration process.

scholarly journals Critical Role of Etching Parameters in the Evolution of Nano Micro SLA Surface on the Ti6Al4V Alloy Dental Implants

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6344
Author(s):  
Pankaj Chauhan ◽  
Veena Koul ◽  
Naresh Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Alloy Surface ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Dental Implant Surface ◽  
Etching Parameters ◽  
Cp Ti

The surface of dental implants plays a vital role in early and more predictable osseointegration. SLA (sandblasted large grit and acid-etched) represents the most widely accepted, long-term clinically proven surface. Primarily, dental implants are manufactured by either commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) or Ti6Al4V ELI alloy. The acid etch behavior of CP-Ti is well known and its effects on the surface microstructure and physicochemical properties have been studied by various researchers in the past. However, there is a lack of studies showing the effect of acid etching parameters on the Ti6Al4V alloy surface. The requirement of the narrow diameter implants necessitates implant manufacturing from alloys due to their high mechanical properties. Hence, it is necessary to have an insight on the behavior of acid etching of the alloy surface as it might be different due to changed compositions and microstructure, which can further influence the osseointegration process. The present research was carried out to study the effect of acid etching parameters on Ti6Al4V ELI alloy surface properties and the optimization of process parameters to produce micro- and nanotopography on the dental implant surface. This study shows that the Ti6Al4V ELI alloy depicts an entirely different surface topography compared to CP-Ti. Moreover, the surface topography of the Ti6Al4V ELI alloy was also different when etching was done at room temperature compared to high temperature, which in turn affected the behavior of the cell on these surfaces. Both microns and nano-level topography were achieved through the optimized parameters of acid etching on Ti6Al4V ELI alloy dental implant surface along with improved roughness, hydrophilicity, and enhanced cytocompatibility.

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