scholarly journals A Pathological Analysis of Canaliculitis Concretions: More Than JustActinomyces

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaji Perumal ◽  
John Andrew Carlson ◽  
Dale Robert Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Pathological Analysis ◽  
Methenamine Silver ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci ◽  
Total Bacteria

Purpose.Canaliculitis is classically associated withActinomycesspecies, which are filamentous bacteria; the purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which nonfilamentous bacteria colonize canalicular concretions by using graded histopathological analysis.Methods.This is a series of 16 cases. The percentage of Gram-positive/Gomori’s methenamine silver-positive filamentous bacteria (Actinomyces) versus the total bacteria identified was graded, and the types of bacteria seen were recorded. Nonfilamentous bacteria were categorized based upon Gram stain (positive or negative) and morphology (cocci or rods).Results. There were 11 females and 5 males. Nonfilamentous bacteria were identified in 16 of 16 (100%) specimens and filamentous bacteria were identified in 15 of 16 (94%) specimens. The mean percentage of filamentous bacteria relative to total bacteria was 57%. Regarding the nonfilamentous bacteria present, 69% of specimens had Gram-positive cocci only, 25% had Gram-positive and Gram-negative cocci, and 6% had Gram-positive cocci and Gram-positive rods.Conclusion. In the current study, there was a mix of filamentous and nonfilamentous bacteria in almost all canalicular concretions analyzed. Nonfilamentous bacteria may contribute to the pathogenesis of canaliculitis. In addition, the success of bacterial culture can be variable; therefore, pathological analysis can assist in determining the etiology.

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation and Bacterial Etiology of Adult Community Acquired Pneumonia

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Robed Amin ◽  
Quazi Tarikul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction: Pneumonia is a worldwide, serious threat to health and an enormous socio-economic burden for health care system. According to recent WHO data, each year 3-4 million patients die from pneumonia. The clinical presentations and bacterial agents responsible for community acquired pneumonia (CAP) varies according to geography and culture.Methods: A cross sectional observational study conducted among the 53 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of CAP in admitted patient in the department of Medicine, DMCH, during January 2010 to December 2010. Hematological measurements (TC of WBC, Hb%, ESR, platelet count), blood culture, chest X-ray P/A view, sputum for Gram staining and culture sensitivity, sputum for AFB, blood urea and random blood sugar were done in all cases. ELISA for IgM antibody of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae were done in sputum culture negative cases.Results: The mean (±SD) age was 38.9±17.3 years and Male female ratio was 3:1. Fever, chest pain and productive cough were the most common clinical features. The mean (±SD) respiratory rate was 23.0±2.8 /minute . COPD and DM were found in 17.0% and 5.7% of patients respectively . Blood culture was found positive in only 1.9% of the study patients. Gram positive Cocci 62.26%, Gram negative Bacilli 9.43%, mixed Gram positive cocci and Gram negative bacilli 11.32% and Gram negative Cocco Bacilli 1.9% were observed and in 15.03 % cases, no bacteria could be seen. Sputum culture revealed 53.8% streptococcus pneumoniae, 26.9% Klebsiella pneumonia as predominant organism. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae were found in 7.4% and 3.7% respectively by serological test. For Streptococcus pneumoniae, sensitive antibiotics were Amoxyclav and Levofloxacin. For Gram negative bacilli and coccobacilli, more sensitive antibiotics were Meropenem, Ceftriaxone, and Clarithromycin. The best sensitive drug were found meropenem. The mean (±SD) duration of hospital stay was 5.0±1.7 days with ranging from 3 to 10 days.Conclusion: Region based bacteroiological diagnosis of Cap is important for selecting the best and sensitive drugs for complete cure.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34(3): 128-134

scholarly journals Some aspects of the gastrointestinal microflora of germfree mice associated with cultured microfloras

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Koopman ◽  
Henriëtie M. Kennis ◽  
A. M. Stadhouders ◽  
H. De Boer
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Anaerobic Culture ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Aerobic Culture ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Attempts are described to 'normalize' germfree mice by association with 3, 21 and 71 different intestinal bacterial cultures isolated from mice with an SPF flora. Germfree mice associated naturally with an SPF flora served as controls. Vital bacterial counts were determined by aerobic and anaerobic culture. Stomach and small intestine contained fewer bacteria per gram than caecum and large intestine. Aerobic vital counts from caecum and large intestine were higher in the experimental groups than in control mice. The aerobic and anaerobic flora in stomach and small intestine comprised mainly Gram-positive nonfusiform shaped rods. In the caecum and colon Gram-positive cocci predominated in the aerobic culture while in the anaerobic culture fusiform-shaped rods were prominent. Scanning electron microscopy of oesophagus, ileum, caecum and faeces demonstrated colonization of the oesophageal epithelium only after association with 71 bacterial strains; the filamentous bacteria present in the ileum of SPF mice were not found in the experimental groups and caecum and faeces contained mainly fusiform-shaped bacteria. Nonbacterial matter decreased in the caecum and faeces with increase in the complexity of the flora.

scholarly journals Bacterial Aetiology and Susceptibility of Pathogens Associated with Acne Vulgaris

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Deborah Pusushottam ◽  
Nasepogu Padmaja ◽  
A Venkateshwara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Bacterial Aetiology ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction: Acne vulgaris is a pilosebaceous disorder among youth during puberty and also in young adults. Hormonal imbalance, bacterial activity and inflammation can cause acne formation. Due to some anti-inflammatory effects and temporary self treatment of acne using some antibiotics, there is overuse/ improper use of antimicrobial agents which leads to resistance in bacterial strains. Aim: To provide an overview of bacteria that may cause acne and determine their susceptibility to antibiotics and reduce the overuse of antibiotics which leads to antibiotic resistance. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done on samples from from 100 patients with chief complaints of acne, attending Dermatology Department at Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation (KIMS RF). This study was done between November 2019 to February 2021. Acne pustules were cultured on all the basic media like blood agar and Mac Conkey agar, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Bacterial identification was performed by gram staining and relevant biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility was done based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2019. Data was calculated and analysed statistically by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21.0. Results: Total 100 participants were taken for the study. Females (63%) were more commonly affected as compared to males (37%) and the most commonly affected age group was teenage i.e., 10 to 20 years in both male and females. Among 100 subjects, 77 cases showed bacterial growth by aerobic and anaerobic culture and 23 cases showed negative for bacterial culture. All isolates were susceptible to rifampin (100%) (p<0.001). Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) was susceptible to doxycycline (88.8%) and minocycline (88.8%), while 22.3% was resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline while 33.3% showed resistance to ofloxacin. Gram positive cocci like Staphylococcus epidermidis (S.epidermidis) was susceptible to the antibiotic minocycline and rifampin (100%); but resistant to quinolines like ofloxacin (52.5%) macrolides like erythromycin (62.5%), clindamycin (47.5%) and tetracycline (17.5%). The susceptibility of gram positive cocci like S. epidermidis to doxycycline was (87.5%), which was lower than that of P. acnes (88.8%). Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was found to be sensitive to minocycline (90.9%), doxycycline (72.7%), clindamycin (63.6%), and tetracycline (63.6%); but it was resistant to macrolide like erythromycin (45.5%) and quinolines like ofloxacin (36.5%). Conclusion: This study suggested that bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity can be better suggested if the culture and sensitivity is available so that, sensitivity and resistant pattern is known. The use of clindamycin and macrolide (erythromycin) needs to be reduced as most gram positive cocci like S. epidermidis were resistant to both.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of a New Ketolide, ABT-773, against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Positive Cocci

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 3640-3643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavindra V. Singh ◽  
Kumthorn Malathum ◽  
Barbara E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

ABSTRACT The in vitro activities of ABT-773 were evaluated against 324 strains of gram-positive bacteria, including multidrug-resistantStaphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. ABT-773 had lower MIC ranges, MICs at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (MIC50s), and MIC90s than erythromycin or clindamycin for almost all isolates tested. The MICs of ABT-773 were also lower than those of quinupristin-dalfopristin (Q-D) for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus,Rhodococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp., while the MICs of Q-D were lower than those of ABT-773 for methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Enterococcus faecium, including vancomycin-resistant isolates.

scholarly journals Implementation of Rapid Diagnostic Testing without Active Stewardship Team Notification for Gram-Positive Blood Cultures in a Community Teaching Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige M. Bukowski ◽  
Joshua S. Jacoby ◽  
Andrew P. Jameson ◽  
Lisa E. Dumkow
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci ◽  
Community Teaching

ABSTRACT In community hospitals, antimicrobial stewardship team notification of rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) results may not be feasible. A retrospective quasi-experimental study was conducted evaluating 252 adult inpatients with blood cultures positive for Gram-positive cocci in clusters (pre-RDT, n = 143; post-RDT, n = 109). The median time to appropriate therapy was significantly shorter in the post-RDT group (15 versus 0 h, P < 0.001), and the mean length of stay for patients with coagulase-negative staphylococcus was significantly shorter (10.5 versus 7.7 days; P = 0.015).

Pathology of Liver Granulomas in Turkeys

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Arp ◽  
I. M. Robinson ◽  
A. E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Intravenous Inoculation

Liver granulomas from five- and seven-week-old turkeys were studied by light and electron microscopy and by bacterial culture. Granulomas of five-week-old poults were composed of a caseous, necrotic center surrounded by consecutive zones of heterophils, giant cells, macrophages, and finally by lymphocytes. Tissue Gram and modified Dieterle stains demonstrated numerous gram-positive, filamentous bacteria in necrotic centers with radial extension of the bacteria to the zone of giant cells. Electron microscopic examination revealed septate, filamentous bacteria within an electron-dense milieu between heterophils, macrophages, and giant cells. An anaerobic, gram-positive bacillus and a staphylococcus were isolated from most granulomas examined. In broth, the bacillus formed long filaments or chains morphologically similar to those in tissue sections. The bacillus was identified tentatively as Eubacterium tortuosum. The staphylococcus had cultural reactions typical for Staphylococcus epidermidis. Intravenous inoculation of three-week-old poults with a mixture of E. tortuosum and S. epidermidis produced granulomas in liver and spleen and multiple mucosal ulcers in the duodenum and colon.

COUNTING TOTAL BACTERIA IN LAND ORGANIC WASTE HOUSEHOLD AND LAND INORGANIC WITH TOTAL PLATE COUNT METHOD (TPC)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Ekamaida Ekamaida
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Fertility Data ◽  
Plate Count Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Bacteria

The soil fertility aspect is characterized by the good biological properties of the soil. One important element of the soil biological properties is the bacterial population present in it. This research was conducted in the laboratory of Microbiology University of Malikussaleh in the May until June 2016. This study aims to determine the number of bacterial populations in soil organic and inorganic so that can be used as an indicator to know the level of soil fertility. Data analysis was done by T-Test that is by comparing the mean of observation parameter to each soil sample. The sampling method used is a composite method, which combines 9 of soil samples taken from 9 sample points on the same plot diagonally both on organic soil and inorganic soil. The results showed the highest bacterial population was found in total organic soil cfu 180500000 and total inorganic soil cfu 62.500.000

Evaluation of Low-Dose Gentamicin Once Daily Dosing Regimen at A General Hospital in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ab Rahman A F ◽  
Md Sahak N. ◽  
Ali A. M.
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dosing Regimen ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Neutropenic Sepsis ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Initiation Of Therapy ◽  
Almost All

Objective: Once daily dosing (ODD) aminoglycoside is gaining wide acceptance as an alternative way of dosing. In our setting it is the regimen of choice whenever gentamicin is indicated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the practice of gentamicin ODD in a public hospital in Malaysia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of patients on gentamicin ODD who were admitted to Hospital Melaka during January 2002 until March 2010. All adult patients who were on ODD gentamicin with various level of renal function were included in the study. Patients on gentamicin less than 72 hours and pregnant women were excluded. Results: From 110 patients, 75 (68.2%) were male and 35 (31.8%) were female. Indications for ODD gentamicin included pneumonia, 34 (31.0%) neutropenic sepsis, 27 (24.5%) and sepsis, 11 (10.0%). The mean dose and duration of gentamicin was 3.2 mg/kg/day and 7 days, respectively. Almost all patients were on gentamicin combined with other antibiotics. Clinical cure based on fever resolution was found in 89.1% of patients treated with ODD. Resolution of fever took an average of 48 hours after initiation of therapy. The evaluation for bacteriologic cure could not be performed because of insufficient data on culture and sensitivity. Out of 38 patients with analyzable serum creatinine data, four patients might have developed nephrotoxicity. Conclusion: In our setting, lower dosages of ODD gentamicin when used in combination with other antibiotics seemed to be effective and safe in treating most gram negative infections.

DFT Benchmark Study of the O--O Bond Dissociation Energy in Peroxides Validated with High-Level Ab-Initio Calculations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Carmona ◽  
Pablo Jaque ◽  
Esteban Vöhringer-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Reference Value ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Basis Sets ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Bond Dissociation ◽  
Dissociation Energies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

<div><div><div><p>Peroxides play a central role in many chemical and biological pro- cesses such as the Fenton reaction. The relevance of these compounds lies in the low stability of the O–O bond which upon dissociation results in radical species able to initiate various chemical or biological processes. In this work, a set of 64 DFT functional-basis set combinations has been validated in terms of their capability to describe bond dissociation energies (BDE) for the O–O bond in a database of 14 ROOH peroxides for which experimental values ofBDE are available. Moreover, the electronic contributions to the BDE were obtained for four of the peroxides and the anion H2O2− at the CBS limit at CCSD(T) level with Dunning’s basis sets up to triple–ζ quality provid- ing a reference value for the hydrogen peroxide anion as a model. Almost all the functionals considered here yielded mean absolute deviations around 5.0 kcal mol−1. The smallest values were observed for the ωB97 family and the Minnesota M11 functional with a marked basis set dependence. Despite the mean deviation, order relations among BDE experimental values of peroxides were also considered. The ωB97 family was able to reproduce the relations correctly whereas other functionals presented a marked dependence on the chemical nature of the R group. Interestingly, M11 functional did not show a very good agreement with the established order despite its good performance in the mean error. The obtained results support the use of similar validation strategies for proper prediction of BDE or other molecular properties by DF Tmethods in subsequent related studies.</p></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Quantitative 3-tesla multiparametric MRI in differentiation between renal cell carcinoma subtypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Elsorougy ◽  
Hashim Farg ◽  
Dalia Bayoumi ◽  
Mohamed Abou El-Ghar ◽  
Magda Shady
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Multiparametric Mri ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Intensity Index ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background MRI provides several distinct quantitative parameters that may better differentiate renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtypes. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), chemical shift signal intensity index (SII), and contrast enhancement in differentiation between different subtypes of renal cell carcinoma. Results There were 63 RCC as regard surgical histopathological analysis: 43 clear cell (ccRCC), 12 papillary (pRCC), and 8 chromophobe (cbRCC). The mean ADC ratio for ccRCC (0.75 ± 0.13) was significantly higher than that of pRCC (0.46 ± 0.12, P < 0.001) and cbRCC (0.41 ± 0.15, P < 0.001). The mean ADC value for ccRCC (1.56 ± 0.27 × 10−3 mm2/s) was significantly higher than that of pRCC (0.96 ± 0.25 × 10−3 mm2/s, P < 0.001) and cbRCC (0.89 ± 0.29 × 10−3 mm2/s, P < 0.001). The mean SII of pRCC (1.49 ± 0.04) was significantly higher than that of ccRCC (0.93 ± 0.01, P < 0.001) and cbRCC (1.01 ± 0.16, P < 0.001). The ccRCC absolute corticomedullary enhancement (196.7 ± 81.6) was significantly greater than that of cbRCC (177.8 ± 77.7, P < 0.001) and pRCC (164.3 ± 84.6, P < 0.001). Conclusion Our study demonstrated that multiparametric MRI is able to afford some quantitative features such as ADC ratio, SII, and absolute corticomedullary enhancement which can be used to accurately distinguish different subtypes of renal cell carcinoma.

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