scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Possible Neuroprotective Mechanisms in the Model of Global Ischemia in Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elizabeth Pereira Nobre ◽  
Alyne Oliveira Correia ◽  
Francisco Nilson Maciel Mendonça ◽  
Luiz Ricardo Araújo Uchoa ◽  
Jessica Tamara Nunes Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Global Ischemia ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Post Hoc

Background. Omega-3 (ω3) administration was shown to protect against hypoxic-ischemic injury. The objectives were to study the neuroprotective effects ofω3, in a model of global ischemia.Methods. Male Wistar rats were subjected to carotid occlusion (30 min), followed by reperfusion. The groups were SO, untreated ischemic and ischemic treated rats withω3 (5 and 10 mg/kg, 7 days). The SO and untreated ischemic animals were orally treated with 1% cremophor and, 1 h after the last administration, they were behaviorally tested and euthanized for neurochemical (DA, DOPAC, and NE determinations), histological (Fluoro jade staining), and immunohistochemical (TNF-alpha, COX-2 and iNOS) evaluations. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Newman-Keuls as thepost hoctest.Results. Ischemia increased the locomotor activity and rearing behavior that were partly reversed byω3. Ischemia decreased striatal DA and DOPAC contents and increased NE contents, effects reversed byω3. This drug protected hippocampal neuron degeneration, as observed by Fluoro-Jade staining, and the increased immunostainings for TNF-alpha, COX-2, and iNOS were partly or totally blocked byω3.Conclusion. This study showed a neuroprotective effect ofω3, in great part due to its anti-inflammatory properties, stimulating translational studies focusing on its use in clinic for stroke managing.

scholarly journals Pentoxifylline Neuroprotective Effects Are Possibly Related to Its Anti-Inflammatory and TNF-Alpha Inhibitory Properties, in the 6-OHDA Model of Parkinson’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Rose Tavares Neves ◽  
Hélio Vitoriano Nobre ◽  
Luzia Kalyne A. M. Leal ◽  
Geanne Matos de Andrade ◽  
Gerly Anne de Castro Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Neuronal Viability ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with anti-TNF-alpha activity, associated with its anti-inflammatory action. Considering Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a neuroinflammatory disorder, the objectives were to evaluate PTX neuroprotective properties, in a model of PD. Male Wistar rats, divided into sham-operated (SO), untreated 6-OHDA, and 6-OHDA treated with PTX (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg) groups, received a unilateral 6-OHDA injection, except the SO group administered with saline. Treatments started 24 h after surgery and continued for 15 days when the animals were submitted to apomorphine-induced rotations, open field, and forced swimming tests. At the next day, they were euthanized and their striata processed for neurochemical (DA and DOPAC determinations), histological, and immunohistochemical (Fluoro-Jade, TH, DAT, OX-42, TNF-alpha, COX-2, and iNOS) studies. PTX reversed the behavioral changes observed in the untreated 6-OHDA animals. Furthermore, PTX partially reversed the decrease in DA contents and improved neuronal viability. In addition, decreases in immunostaining for TH and dopamine transporter (DAT) were reversed. The untreated 6-OHDA group showed intense OX-42, TNF-alpha, COX-2, and iNOS immunoreactivities, which were attenuated by PTX. In conclusion, we demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of PTX, possibly related to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions, indicating its potential as an adjunct treatment for PD.

scholarly journals Influence of preoperative supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid in the healing of colonic anastomoses in malnourished rats receiving paclitaxel

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvo Orlando Vizzotto Junior ◽  
Antonio Carlos Ligocki Campos ◽  
Eneri Vieira de Souza Leite Mello ◽  
Tiago Jacometo Castilho
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Colonic Anastomoses ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Paclitaxel Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Maturation Index

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of preoperative supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids on the healing of colonic anastomoses in malnourished rats receiving paclitaxel. METHODS: we studied 160 male Wistar rats, divided in two groups: one subjected to malnutrition by pair feeding (M) for four weeks, and another that received food ad libitum (W). In the fourth week, the groups were further divided into two subgroups that received omega-3 or olive oil by gavage. The animals were submitted to colonic transection and end-to-end anastomosis. After the operation, each of the four groups was divided into two subgroups that received intraperitoneal isovolumetric solutions of saline or paclitaxel. RESULTS: mortality was 26.8% higher in the group of animals that received paclitaxel (p = 0.003). The complete rupture strength was greater in well-nourished-oil Paclitaxel group (WOP) compared with the the malnourished-oil Paclitaxel one (MOP). The collagen maturation index was higher in well-nourished-oil saline group (WOS) in relation to the malnutrition-oil-saline group (MOS), lower in malnourished-oil-saline group (MOS) in relation to malnourished-ômega3-saline one (M3S) and lower in the well-nourished-omega3-saline group (W3S) compared with the malnourished-omega3-saline (M3S). The blood vessel count was higher in the malnourished-oil-saline group (MOS) than in the malnourished-oil-paclitaxel group (MOP) and lower in the malnourished-oil-saline group (MOS) in relation to the malnourished-omega3-paclitaxel group (M3P). CONCLUSION: supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids was associated with a significant increase in the production of mature collagen in malnourished animals, with a reversal of the harmful effects caused by malnutrition associated with the use of paclitaxel on the rupture strength, and with a stimulus to neoangiogenesis in the group receiving paclitaxel.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids Inhibit Tumor Growth in a Rat Model of Bladder Cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belmiro Parada ◽  
Flávio Reis ◽  
Raquel Cerejo ◽  
Patrícia Garrido ◽  
José Sereno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Crp

Omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids have been tested on prevention and treatment of several cancer types, but the efficacy on “in vivo” bladder cancer has not been analyzed yet. This study aimed at evaluating the chemopreventive efficacy of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) mixture in an animal model of bladder cancer. Forty-four male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups during a 20-week protocol: control; carcinogen—N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN);ω-3 (DHA + EPA); andω-3 + BBN. BBN andω-3 were given during the initial 8 weeks. At week 20 blood and bladder were collected and checked for the presence of urothelium lesions and tumors, markers of inflammation, proliferation, and redox status. Incidence of bladder carcinoma was, control (0%),ω-3 (0%), BBN (65%), andω-3 + BBN (62.5%). Theω-3 + BBN group had no infiltrative tumors or carcinomain situ, and tumor volume was significantly reduced compared to the BBN (0.9 ± 0.1 mm3versus 112.5 ± 6.4 mm3). Also, it showed a reduced MDA/TAS ratio and BBN-induced serum CRP, TGF-β1, and CD31 were prevented. In conclusion, omega-3 fatty acids inhibit the development of premalignant and malignant lesions in a rat model of bladder cancer, which might be due to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-angiogenic properties.

scholarly journals Protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid and omega-3 fatty acids against cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian toxicity in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanya Venugopalan Nair ◽  
M. Usha Rani ◽  
A. Gopala Reddy ◽  
B. Kala Kumar ◽  
M. Anudeep Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Ovarian Toxicity ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Group Ii

Background and Aim: Cyclophosphamide therapy is known to be associated with the risk of female infertility as a result of ovarian toxicity. Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) and omega-3 fatty acids are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study investigated the potential protective effect of alpha-LA, omega-3 fatty acids, and its combination against cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian toxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty rats were equally divided into Groups I, II, III, IV, and V. Group I was normal control, wherein the rats were fed with normal feed and water ad libitum. Group II served as cyclophosphamide-induced group, wherein the rats were injected with cyclophosphamide at 75 mg/kg through intraperitoneal route once a week to induce ovarian toxicity. Groups III and IV were treated with alpha-LA at the rate of 25 mg/kg and omega-3 fatty acids at the rate of 400 mg/kg, respectively, in parallel to cyclophosphamide induction as in Group II. Group V animals were coadministered with alpha-LA (25 mg/kg) and omega-3 fatty acids (400 mg/kg) along with cyclophosphamide induction as in Group II. The respective treatments were administered daily through oral route for a period of 30 days. Regularity of estrous cycle was evaluated by vaginal cytology. Post-treatment period, the animals were humanely sacrificed, and the blood samples were subjected to the estimation of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estrogen. The ovarian tissue was weighed and subjected to histopathology, transmission electron microscopy, estimation of decreased glutathione (GSH), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Results: Rats treated with cyclophosphamide alone manifested irregularity in estrous cycle, increased FSH, and reduced estrogen levels. The ovaries showed decreased GSH and increased TNF-alpha concentrations. Histopathological and transmission electron microscopic analysis of the ovarian follicles revealed degenerative changes. Administration of alpha-LA and omega-3 fatty acids as well as the combination of both the treatments demonstrated significant normalization of the estrous cycle and antioxidant defense mechanism as well as ameliorated the hormonal profile and histological architecture of the ovarian follicles. However, appreciable synergistic efficacy of the combination therapy (alpha-LA+omega-3 fatty acids) with respect to the monotherapies was not observed in the present study. Conclusion: The efficacy of alpha-LA and omega-3 fatty acids against cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian toxicity could be attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that prevented the oxidative damage to the ovaries caused by cyclophosphamide. Hence, our findings suggest that dietary supplementation of alpha-LA and omega-3 fatty acids in women receiving cyclophosphamide therapy could carry potential benefits in preventing cyclophosphamide-induced infertility in childbearing women.

Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Prostaglandin F2alpha-Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) Gene Expression in Bovine Luteal Cells In Vitro.

2010 ◽  
Vol 83 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 211-211
Author(s):  
Nicole R. White ◽  
Patrick D. Burns ◽  
Jirapat Charumilinda ◽  
Andrew D. Bryant ◽  
Zane T. Prosser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Prostaglandin F2alpha ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Cox 2

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Head Trauma in American Football Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
K. Michele Kirk ◽  
David A. Gable ◽  
Jason D. Stone ◽  
Anthony J. Anzalone ◽  
Stephanie M. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
American Football ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

CHEMOPREVENTIVE EFFECTS OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS IN PANCREATIC CANCER MAY FUNCTION THROUGH COX-2 AND 5-LOX-INDEPENDENT MECHANISMS

Pancreas ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
M. J. Strouch ◽  
L. G. Melstrom ◽  
K. Adrian ◽  
B. M. Milam ◽  
M. R. Salabat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cox 2

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Properties of the Standardized Extract fromCamellia sinensis(Green Tea) and Its Main Bioactive Components, Epicatechin and Epigallocatechin Gallate, in the 6-OHDA Model of Parkinson’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Bitu Pinto ◽  
Bruno da Silva Alexandre ◽  
Kelly Rose Tavares Neves ◽  
Aline Holanda Silva ◽  
Luzia Kalyne A. M. Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Neuroprotective Actions

Camellia sinensis(green tea) is largely consumed, mainly in Asia. It possesses several biological effects such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The objectives were to investigate the neuroprotective actions of the standardized extract (CS), epicatechin (EC) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), on a model of Parkinson’s disease. Male Wistar rats were divided into SO (sham-operated controls), untreated 6-OHDA-lesioned and 6-OHDA-lesioned treated for 2 weeks with CS (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg), EC (10 mg/kg), or EGCG (10 mg/kg) groups. One hour after the last administration, animals were submitted to behavioral tests and euthanized and their striata and hippocampi were dissected for neurochemical (DA, DOPAC, and HVA) and antioxidant activity determinations, as well as immunohistochemistry evaluations (TH, COX-2, and iNOS). The results showed that CS and catechins reverted behavioral changes, indicating neuroprotection manifested as decreased rotational behavior, increased locomotor activity, antidepressive effects, and improvement of cognitive dysfunction, as compared to the untreated 6-OHDA-lesioned group. Besides, CS, EP, and EGCG reversed the striatal oxidative stress and immunohistochemistry alterations. These results show that the neuroprotective effects of CS and its catechins are probably and in great part due to its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, pointing out their potential for the prevention and treatment of PD.

scholarly journals Monosodium glutamate alter hepatic functions, redox potential and lipid metabolism: Omega 3 fatty acids ameliorative intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Divine Avwerosuoghene Onobrudu ◽  
Barine Innocent Nwiloh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Global Health Challenge

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) toxicity is fast becoming a global health challenge due to the increase in its consumption as a food additive. This study investigated the effect of consumption of MSG and treatment with graded doses of omega 3 fatty acids (ω-3). Forty-eight male Wistar rats (n=8) grouped into six; control, MSG, MSG + Low dose of ω-3 (LD ω-3); MSG + High dose of ω-3 (HD ω-3), LD ω-3, and HD ω-3 were used for this study. MSG was administered at 4 g/L/day in their drinking water for 6 weeks, while ω-3 was administered at low and high doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg BW, p.o. respectively for 4 weeks. Results revealed that administration of MSG induced imbalance in lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and hepatic dysfunction. These were revealed by significant decreases in TG, HDL-C, CAT, GSH, albumin and total protein; but, significant increases in LDL-C, MDA, AST, ALT, ALP, and total bilirubin (TB), compared to control group. Administration of graded doses of ω-3 following treatment with MSG was characterized with significant reductions in ALT, ALP, TB and MDA. The administration of ω-3 showed no effects on the antioxidant indices. Conclusively, LD ω-3 is a potent ameliorative supplement which can be administered after pre-exposure to MSG.

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