scholarly journals Stable Dispersed MoS2 Nanosheets in Liquid Lubricant with Enhanced Rate of Penetration for Directional Well

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuwei Lu ◽  
Hui Du ◽  
Zhaojun Chen ◽  
Xianbin Zhang ◽  
Houping Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layer Structure ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Reverse Microemulsion ◽  
Mos2 Nanosheets ◽  
Rate Of Penetration ◽  
Liquid Lubricant ◽  
Total Proportion ◽  
Drilling Velocity

MoS2 nanosheets of approx. 100 nm were synthesized by a reverse microemulsion route firstly, then were annealed under nitrogen atmosphere, and were finally modified with 1-dodecanethiol. The prepared MoS2 nanosheets were characterized by XRD, TEM, FTIR, and so forth. Experimental results show that MoS2 nanosheets with the typical layer structure can be easily dispersed in oil lubricant for rate of penetration (ROP) increasing in directional well. The ROP of directional well with the prepared liquid lubricant was 52.9% higher than that of the similar directional wells at least, and the drilling velocity was increased 20% while the total proportion of lubricant in drilling fluid was 1.5%.

scholarly journals Real-Time Measurement of Drilling Fluid Rheological Properties: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3592
Author(s):  
Naipeng Liu ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Hui Gao ◽  
Yule Hu ◽  
Longchen Duan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Time Measurement ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Rate Of Penetration ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Time Measurement ◽  
Fluid Properties

The accurate and frequent measurement of the drilling fluid’s rheological properties is essential for proper hydraulic management. It is also important for intelligent drilling, providing drilling fluid data to establish the optimization model of the rate of penetration. Appropriate drilling fluid properties can improve drilling efficiency and prevent accidents. However, the drilling fluid properties are mainly measured in the laboratory. This hinders the real-time optimization of drilling fluid performance and the decision-making process. If the drilling fluid’s properties cannot be detected and the decision-making process does not respond in time, the rate of penetration will slow, potentially causing accidents and serious economic losses. Therefore, it is important to measure the drilling fluid’s properties for drilling engineering in real time. This paper summarizes the real-time measurement methods for rheological properties. The main methods include the following four types: an online rotational Couette viscometer, pipe viscometer, mathematical and physical model or artificial intelligence model based on a Marsh funnel, and acoustic technology. This paper elaborates on the principle, advantages, limitations, and usage of each method. It prospects the real-time measurement of drilling fluid rheological properties and promotes the development of the real-time measurement of drilling rheological properties.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Ultrathin MoS2 Nanosheets and Application on Adsorption of Organic Pollutants and Heavy Metals

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyi Huang ◽  
Ziyun You ◽  
Yanting Jiang ◽  
Fuxiang Zhang ◽  
Kaiyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Hexagonal Phase ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Mos2 Nanosheets ◽  
Hybrid Strategy ◽  
Ultrathin Mos2 Nanosheets

Owing to their peculiar structural characteristics and potential applications in various fields, the ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets, a typical two-dimensional material, have attracted numerous attentions. In this paper, a hybrid strategy with combination of quenching process and liquid-based exfoliation was employed to fabricate the ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets (MoS2 NS). The obtained MoS2 NS still maintained hexagonal phase (2H-MoS2) and exhibited evident thin layer-structure (1–2 layers) with inconspicuous wrinkle. Besides, the MoS2 NS dispersion showed excellent stability (over 60 days) and high concentration (0.65 ± 0.04 mg mL−1). The MoS2 NS dispersion also displayed evident optical properties, with two characteristic peaks at 615 and 670 nm, and could be quantitatively analyzed with the absorbance at 615 nm in the range of 0.01–0.5 mg mL−1. The adsorption experiments showed that the as-prepared MoS2 NS also exhibited remarkable adsorption performance on the dyes (344.8 and 123.5 mg g−1 of qm for methylene blue and methyl orange, respectively) and heavy metals (185.2, 169.5, and 70.4 mg g−1 of qm for Cd2+, Cu2+, and Ag+). During the adsorption, the main adsorption mechanisms involved the synergism of physical hole-filling effects and electrostatic interactions. This work provided an effective way for the large-scale fabrication of the two-dimensional nanosheets of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) by liquid exfoliation.

Principle and structure of a multi-chamber piezoelectric pump with large flow rate integrated into printed circuit board

2022 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2110721
Author(s):  
Yun-Hao Peng ◽  
Dai-Hua Wang ◽  
Lian-Kai Tang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Rate Model ◽  
Piezoelectric Pump ◽  
Central Deflection ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Large Flow

Parametric simulation of multi-chamber piezoelectric pump proposed by authors shows that its flow rate is positively correlated with chamber compression ratio when height of chamber wall is not less than central deflection of circular piezoelectric unimorph actuator (CPUA). Therefore, in this paper, principle and structure of multi-chamber piezoelectric pump with novel CPUAs with three-layer structure are proposed and realized, so as to improve its chamber compression ratio, and then improve its flow rate. Its processing technology compatible with PCB processing technology is studied and its flow rate model is established. Central deflection of CPUA with three-layer structure and the flow rate characteristics are tested. Experimental results show that when the central deflection of CPUA with three-layer structure reaches the maximum value of 106.8 μm, the chamber compression ratio and flow rate of multi-chamber piezoelectric pump reach the maximum value of 50% and 3.11 mL/min, respectively. The maximum flow rate is increased by 622% compared to unimproved pump. By comparing experimental results with numerical and finite element simulation results, the realized multi-chamber piezoelectric pump has large flow rate and the established flow rate model can predict its flow rate.

Research on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Double Glow Plasma Discharge Surface Titanizing on CrZrCu Alloy

2010 ◽  
Vol 154-155 ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Bo Lin He ◽  
Fang Tu ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Plasma Discharge ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Glow Discharge Plasma ◽  
Glow Plasma

CrZrCu is extensively used in spot welding due to their high electrical, thermal and mechanical performance. But when CrZrCu electrode is used in spot welding of galvanized steel sheet, the abrasion, corrosion and oxidation shorten the electrode life rapidly. The electrode is not able to meet the needs of spot welding of galvanized steel sheet .In the paper, double glow plasma discharge surface titanizing was carried out on CrZrCu alloy. The processes of double glow plasma discharge titanizing, surface alloying layer structure were also analyzed elementary. The wear resistance property of glow discharge plasma titanizing layer was also researched. The experimental results indicated that in the plasma titanizing alloying layer, the diffusion of titanium element toward the interior of the CrZrCu alloy substrate forms the intermetallic compound named Cu4Ti, which is beneficial to the reinforcement of CrZrCu substrate. The experimental results confirmed that double glow plasma discharge titanizing could improve the wear resistance of CrZrCu alloy greatly. Under the external load of 300N and 500N, the wear resistance of double glow plasma discharge titanizing layer is7 times and 8.5 times than that of CrZrCu.

Effects of Molecularly Thin Liquid Lubricant Film Materials on Slider Hysteresis Instability in Hard Disk Drives

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Tagawa ◽  
Daisuke Tanaka ◽  
Atsunobu Mori
Keyword(s):  
Hard Disk Drives ◽  
Disk Surface ◽  
Intermolecular Forces ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Disk Drives ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Liquid Lubricant ◽  
Pressure Test ◽  
Lower Mobility ◽  
The Difference

In this study, the difference in the touchdown and takeoff pressures was monitored by using three types of lubricant materials, namely, Zdol2000, Ztetraol2000 and A20H2000 by using the pump down pressure test. The results indicated that the touchdown pressures depended on the lubricant materials; it was greatest for Ztetraol2000 and smallest for A20H2000. The takeoff pressure was greater for a lubricant with lower mobility. Considering these experimental results, it was suggested that the variation in the touchdown pressure is due to a variation in the intermolecular forces, taking into account the lubricant pickup by a slider. Further, it was suggested that the variation in the takeoff pressure is caused by a variation in the friction forces between the slider and disk surface.

Modeling and experimental analysis of polypropylene honeycomb multi-layer sandwich composites under four-point bending

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Arbaoui ◽  
Hassane Moustabchir ◽  
Catalin I Pruncu ◽  
Yves Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Effective Properties ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Honeycomb Core ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Four Point Bending Test

The behavior of a simple and innovative multi-layer sandwich panels having a polypropylene honeycomb core has been investigated carefully, theoretically and experimentally. A four-point bending test was performed to detect the mechanical characteristics of the multi-layer core. The experimental results emphasize a better rigidity of the multi-layer structure compared to the weakness displayed by the single-layer configuration. In fact, a small increase in the final weight of the component leads to a significant increase of the mechanical properties. In the second part of this study, analytical and numerical homogenization approaches were developed to compute the effective properties of the single polypropylene honeycomb core. The numerical model complies with the experimental protocol, and the simulation conducted is aiming to reproduce a typical four-point bending test on a polypropylene honeycomb multi-layer sandwich panel. Both numerical and experimental results are presented in details and a good correlation between them is highlighted.

Preparation of a Novel Viscosifier for Drilling Fluid by Sulfonation Technology Based on the Enriched Organic Compounds in TNT Red Water

2012 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 319-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Fang Wei ◽  
Yi He Zhang ◽  
Feng Zhu Lv
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Water Based

In this paper, sulfonates based on the enriched organic compounds in TNT red water have been prepared and their efficacy in water based drilling mud has been evaluated. The experimental results showed that the sulfonated products can be used as viscosifier for drilling fluid, which suggesting an attractive method for the possible commercial usage of waste red water.

Partially Etched Holes for Residual Stress Release in Diaphragm-Based Pressure Sensors

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Nian Niu ◽  
Fred J. von Preissig ◽  
Eun Sok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Hole Array ◽  
Hole Size ◽  
Stress Release ◽  
Film Layer ◽  
Bottom To Top

Abstract We have designed and fabricated various diaphragm-based piezoelectric microphones with film-layer structure SiN1/poly-Si/SiN2/ZnO/parylene/Al/parylene (from bottom to top) that contain various square “holes” uniformly distributed over the whole diaphragm with various hole ratios (defined to be the ratio between the total area of the holes and the whole diaphragm area). The holes (which are formed by etching out all the layers except SiN2 and top parylene in the diaphragm) are to release the residual stress in the diaphragm. We have fabricated and analyzed various microphones with and without the holes, and have observed that the microphones with the holes have significantly larger acoustic sensitivities and diaphragm displacements than those without any hole. The best microphone sensitivity of the hole-array microphones has been over 12 times greater than that of the no-hole microphones. Also, we have observed that the center displacement of the diaphragm is dependent on the hole ratio but not on the hole size. We have corroborated the experimental results with FEM analysis.

A Robust Rate of Penetration Model for Carbonate Formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Al-AbdulJabbar ◽  
Salaheldin Elkatatny ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud ◽  
Khaled Abdelgawad ◽  
Abdulaziz Al-Majed
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Rate Of Penetration ◽  
New Model ◽  
Carbonate Formation ◽  
Drilling Parameters ◽  
Fluid Properties

During the drilling operations, optimizing the rate of penetration (ROP) is very crucial, because it can significantly reduce the overall cost of the drilling process. ROP is defined as the speed at which the drill bit breaks the rock to deepen the hole, and it is measured in units of feet per hour or meters per hour. ROP prediction is very challenging before drilling, because it depends on many parameters that should be optimized. Several models have been developed in the literature to predict ROP. Most of the developed models used drilling parameters such as weight on bit (WOB), pumping rate (Q), and string revolutions per minute (RPM). Few researchers considered the effect of mud properties on ROP by including a small number of actual field measurements. This paper introduces a new robust model to predict the ROP using both drilling parameters (WOB, Q, ROP, torque (T), standpipe pressure (SPP), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and mud properties (density and viscosity) using 7000 real-time data measurements. In addition, the relative importance of drilling fluid properties, rock strength, and drilling parameters to ROP is determined. The obtained results showed that the ROP is highly affected by WOB, RPM, T, and horsepower (HP), where the coefficient of determination (T2) was 0.71, 0.87, 0.70, and 0.92 for WOB, RPM, T, and HP, respectively. ROP also showed a strong function of mud fluid properties, where R2 was 0.70 and 0.70 for plastic viscosity (PV) and mud density, respectively. No clear relationship was observed between ROP and yield point (YP) for more than 500 field data points. The new model predicts the ROP with average absolute percentage error (AAPE) of 5% and correlation coefficient (R) of 0.93. In addition, the new model outperformed three existing ROP models. The novelty in this paper is the application of the clustering technique in which the formations are clustered based on their compressive strength range to predict the ROP. Clustering yielded accurate ROP prediction compared to the field ROP.

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