scholarly journals Subacute Hypophysitis with Panhypopituitarism as First Presentation of HIV and Syphilis Coinfection

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Rute Alves ◽  
Margarida França
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Clinical Challenge ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coinfected Patient

Infection by Treponema pallidum still represents a clinical challenge due to its various forms of presentation. HIV coinfection added diversity and changed the natural history of syphilis as a systemic infection. We present a rare case of subacute hypophysitis and panhypopituitarism due to an early active neurosyphilis in a previously unknown HIV coinfected patient.

The Mechanism of the Development of Anemia in Untreated Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia

Blood ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRAWASE WASI ◽  
MATTHEW BLOCK
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia ◽  
Normal Amount ◽  
Lymphatic Tissue ◽  
Cell Production ◽  
Cell Destruction ◽  
Lymphatic Leukemia ◽  
History Of

Abstract The following conclusions can be made concerning the cause of anemia in patients with untreated chronic lymphatic leukemia excluding the rare case with an autoimmune hemolytic anemia: 1. Early in the natural history of the disease there is a normal amount of erythroblastic tissue which produces red cells at a normal rate. The rate of red cell destruction is also normal. 2. With progression of the disease the erythroblastic tissue is gradually replaced by lymphatic tissue, leading to a decrease in red cell production. The rate of red cell destruction is still normal. 3. Only late in the disease may decreased rate of red cell production be aggravated by an increased rate of red cell destruction.

scholarly journals HBV/HIV Coinfection: Impact on the Development and Clinical Treatment of Liver Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimeng Cheng ◽  
Panpan Lin ◽  
Nansheng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
End Stage

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a common contributor to chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Approximately 10% of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) also have chronic HBV co-infection, owing to shared transmission routes. HIV/HBV coinfection accelerates the progression of chronic HBV to cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, or hepatocellular carcinoma compared to chronic HBV mono-infection. HBV/HIV coinfection alters the natural history of hepatitis B and renders the antiviral treatment more complex. In this report, we conducted a critical review on the epidemiology, natural history, and pathogenesis of liver diseases related to HBV/HIV coinfection. We summarized the novel therapeutic options for these coinfected patients.

HIV Coinfection

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Chan ◽  
Arthur Yu-Shin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Treatment As Prevention ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hiv Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hcv Coinfection ◽  
Direct Acting

Improved screening of the blood supply and safer injection practice have led to a decreased prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide over the past decade. However, those who are coinfected with HIV and HCV experience synergistic interaction between the viruses, leading to accelerated liver fibrosis and possibly increased HIV progression. Left untreated, these coinfected patients experience higher mortality compared with monoinfected individuals. The recent availability of highly efficacious direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) provides opportunity to prioritize coinfected patients for curing HCV, which can improve liver-related and overall mortality. This review summarizes the epidemiology, virology, and natural history of coinfection. Major clinical trials involving coinfected patients are summarized, and drug-drug interactions between HIV antiretroviral therapy and HCV DAA therapy are discussed. Given the numbers of people at risk for primary infection and reinfection after cure, we also discuss important strategies of harm reduction and treatment as prevention. The revolution in DAAs provides the prospect of reducing the burden of liver disease, which remains one of the leading causes of death in people living with HIV. Key words: HIV-HCV coinfection; Epidemiology; Natural history; Viral interaction; Direct-acting antiviral; Drug-drug interaction

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Ameloblastic Carcinoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. E34-E36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Yunaev ◽  
Muzib Abdul-Razak ◽  
Hedley Coleman ◽  
Yaroslav Mayorchak ◽  
Ian Kalnins
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Ameloblastic Carcinoma ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aggressive Tumor ◽  
Surgical Condition

Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare type of ameloblastoma that has received little mention in the literature. While a number of cases have been published over many years, no institution has been able to produce a substantial case series. Ameloblastic carcinoma originates in the embryonic tooth components. It is believed to be an aggressive tumor that can metastasize; once metastasis occurs, the prognosis tends to be poor. Ameloblastic carcinoma is primarily a surgical condition that is best treated with resection; there has been little indication that other modalities are helpful. We present the case of a 40-year-old woman who was found to have a mandibular lesion by a dentist. After surgical resection, the tumor was found to be an ameloblastic carcinoma. The patient recovered without complication, and she was recurrence-free 18 months postoperatively. We also briefly review the available literature on the natural history of and management options for this rare tumor.

Natural history of primary precursor B lymphoblastic lymphoma of the ovary: Report of a rare case

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajni Yadav ◽  
Mehar Chand Sharma ◽  
Asis Kumar Karak ◽  
Nutan Agarwal ◽  
Rajive Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Lymphoblastic Lymphoma ◽  
History Of ◽  
B Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

The influence of hiv coinfection on the natural history of hcv infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Swaminath ◽  
Deanna L. Oliver ◽  
Andrew C. McNeil ◽  
Tarek I. Hassanein
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals A 50 year natural history of an untreated myelomeningocele - a rare case

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Mosdal ◽  
Mikkel Mylius Rasmussen ◽  
Dorte Clemmensen
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals SPINAL HYDATIDOSIS IN A CHILD

2006 ◽  
pp. 066-071
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yuryevich Mushkin ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Pershin ◽  
Klarissa Nikolayevna Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Spinal Instability ◽  
Social Rehabilitation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfalls

A report of a rare case of the spinal hydatidosis in a child is presented. Spinal hydatidosis with a total spinal instability caused by the natural history of the disease and inadequate surgical treatment was diagnosed in a 10 year-old girl. At the department the excision of paravertebral and prevertebral hydatid cavernous masses followed by anterior L1–L5 reconstruction and posterior spinal CD-instrumentation was performed. Early post-op results are satisfactory, supporting ability of the spine is restored, that allowed physical and social rehabilitation of the child. Diagnostic pitfalls are identified and discussed.

scholarly journals Clinical and Evolutive Features in Syphilis - HIV Coinfection

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Gabriela Mariana Iancu ◽  
Liliana Elena Todan ◽  
Maria Rotaru
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Disease ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Hiv Coinfection

Abstract Syphilis is a systemic infection caused by Treponema Pallidum spirochete, which is considered to be the main sexually transmitted disease. The genital ulcerations and local inflammation found in syphilis are favouring factors involved in transmitting the HIV infection. Recent data suggests that individuals suffering from other sexually transmitted diseases are 3 to 5 times more exposed to developing HIV infection. On the other hand, simultaneous HIV infection may worsen the syphilis evolution. In the light of this data we present the case of a patient with syphilis-HIV coinfection recently diagnosed and we will summarize the clinical and evolutive features of the syphilis-HIV coinfection.

scholarly journals Review of Dirofilaria spp. infection in humans and animals in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Faham Khamesipour ◽  
Saeed Nezaratizade ◽  
Bahareh Basirpour ◽  
Bahareh Chelgerdi Dehkordi ◽  
Sana Sadat Afzal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Infections

Dirofilariasis is a metazoonoses transmitted by certain mosquito genera (Culicidae: Diptera). Chiefly canids are the reservoirs of Dirofilaria spp. This article analyzed all published records and researches relevant to Dirofilaria in Iran, to provide a basis for future studies in Iran and around the world. All of the important data from human and animal cases that included the pathogen and its reservoir, dispersion, and retrospective studies were investigated and analyzed. Furthermore, the natural history of parasites, pathogenicity, diagnosis, treatment, control, and the final status of the disease in the world was briefly mentioned. Two species of the genus Dirofilaria, Dirofilaria immitis (canine heartworm) and Dirofilaria repens, are detected in Iran. Till now, 13 human cases have been formally reported including seven subcutaneous and three ocular cases of D. repens, a four cases of D. immitis, including a rare case in testicular hydrocele, one ocular and one pre-ocular, a subconjunctival and two pulmonary cases suspected to be D. immitis. Animal and human infections have been recorded in 11 provinces of Iran. Different investigators have reported D. immitis in dogs (with the frequency of 0.95–62.8%), jackals (2.5 57.4%), foxes (5.7–50%), wolves (20–50%), and cats (0.8%) and D. repens in dogs (1.4–60.8%) and jackals (10%) in different areas of the country. The reports on Dirofilaria in Iran are to some extent scattered as regarded to distribution and other features of the disease. More studies should be taken in dirofilariasis in Iran, specifically in regions from where there are no reports.

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