Ameliorating Effect of Gemigliptin on Renal Injury in Murine Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy

Background. Previous studies have shown the antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory potential of DPP-IV inhibitor in experimental models of renal injury. We tested whether DPP-IV inhibitor (gemigliptin) ameliorates renal injury by suppressing apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in mice with adriamycin nephropathy. Methods. Mice were treated with normal saline (control), gemigliptin (GM), adriamycin (ADR), or adriamycin combined with gemigliptin (ADR+GM). Apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress were analyzed via western blotting, real-time PCR, light microscopy, and immunofluorescence. Results. In the ADR+GM group, urine albumin creatinine ratio decreased significantly compared with that in the ADR group on day 15. Glomerulosclerosis index and tubulointerstitial injury index in mice with adriamycin-induced nephropathy decreased after gemigliptin treatment. ADR group showed higher levels of apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress-related molecules compared with the control group. The upregulation of these molecules was significantly reduced by gemigliptin. In the ADR group, the staining intensities of WT-1 and nephrin reduced, but these changes were ameliorated in the ADR+GM group. Conclusion. We demonstrated that gemigliptin ameliorates nephropathy by suppressing apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in mice administered adriamycin. Our data demonstrate that gemigliptin has renoprotective effects on adriamycin-induced nephropathy.

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Evaluation of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Markers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530319666191016103222 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 584-590 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shima Fathi ◽

Shiva Borzouei ◽

Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽

Jalal Poorolajal ◽

Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Control Group ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

The Difference ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a progressive metabolic disorder. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between antioxidant and oxidative stress markers in the saliva of patients with type 2 DM and a healthy control group. Methods: In this study, 20 patients with diabetes and 20 healthy individuals were evaluated. Salivary antioxidants markers consisted of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), uric acid (UA), peroxidase and catalase. Oxidative stress markers included total oxidant status (TOS), malondealdehyde (MDA) and total thiol (SH). Sialochemical analysis was performed with spectrophotometric assay. All the statistical analyses were conducted using STATA software. Results: TAC decreased significantly in patients with diabetes. Although salivary UA and peroxidase were lower in patients with diabetes compared to the control group, the difference was not significant. Salivary catalase in patients with diabetes was significantly lower than that in the control group. MDA and TOS exhibited significantly higher levels in type 2 DM. SH levels were slightly higher in DM. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, there were some changes in the salivary levels of some antioxidants and oxidative stress markers in patients with type 2 DM and could be measured as an indicator of serum changes..

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Mechanism Involved in Fortification by Berberine in CDDP-Induced Nephrotoxicity

Current Molecular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1874467213666200220142202 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 342-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vipin K. Verma ◽

Salma Malik ◽

Ekta Mutneja ◽

Anil K. Sahu ◽

Kumari Rupashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Renal Tissue ◽

Isoquinoline Alkaloid ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Beclin 1 ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Background: The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway has been shown to protect against cisplatin- induced nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities in various experimental models. Aim: To check the effect of Ber on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to explore the involved mechanism. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: Normal, cisplatin-control, treatment groups and per se group. Normal saline and Ber (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg; p.o.) was administered to rats for 10 days. A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg) was injected on 7th day to induced nephrotoxicity. On 10th day, rats were sacrificed, the kidney was removed and stored for the estimation of various parameters. Results: As compared to cisplatin-control group, Ber pretreatment improved renal function system and preserved renal architecture. It also diminished oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 proteins. In addition, Ber attenuated the cisplatin mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, it also reduced the phosphorylation of p38/JNK and PARP/Beclin-1 expression in the kidney. Conclusion: Ber attenuated renal injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting JNK/p38MAPKs/ PARP/Beclin-1 expression which prevented oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in renal tissue.

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NF-κB and FosB mediate inflammation and oxidative stress in the blast lung injury of rats exposed to shock waves

Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica ◽

10.1093/abbs/gmaa179 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hong Wang ◽

Wenjuan Zhang ◽

Jinren Liu ◽

Junhong Gao ◽

Le Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Shock Waves ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Control Group ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Blast Lung Injury ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Blast lung injury (BLI) is the major cause of death in explosion-derived shock waves; however, the mechanisms of BLI are not well understood. To identify the time-dependent manner of BLI, a model of lung injury of rats induced by shock waves was established by a fuel air explosive. The model was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and pathological score. The inflammation and oxidative stress of lung injury were also investigated. The pathological scores of rats’ lung injury at 2 h, 24 h, 3 days, and 7 days post-blast were 9.75±2.96, 13.00±1.85, 8.50±1.51, and 4.00±1.41, respectively, which were significantly increased compared with those in the control group (1.13±0.64; P<0.05). The respiratory frequency and pause were increased significantly, while minute expiratory volume, inspiratory time, and inspiratory peak flow rate were decreased in a time-dependent manner at 2 and 24 h post-blast compared with those in the control group. In addition, the expressions of inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, FosB, and NF-κB were increased significantly at 2 h and peaked at 24 h, which gradually decreased after 3 days and returned to normal in 2 weeks. The levels of total antioxidant capacity, total superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were significantly decreased 24 h after the shock wave blast. Conversely, the malondialdehyde level reached the peak at 24 h. These results indicated that inflammatory and oxidative stress induced by shock waves changed significantly in a time-dependent manner, which may be the important factors and novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of BLI.

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Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Protects Against Endothelial Dysfunction in a Human Model of Systemic Inflammation: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvbaha.121.316388 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marco Orlandi ◽

Stefano Masi ◽

Devina Bhowruth ◽

Yago Leira ◽

Georgios Georgiopoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Systemic Inflammation ◽

Ischemic Preconditioning ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Remote Ischemic Preconditioning ◽

Human Model ◽

Control Group ◽

Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Objective: Inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction are known to contribute to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) protects from endothelial dysfunction and the damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion. Using intensive periodontal treatment (IPT), an established human model of acute systemic inflammation, we investigated whether RIPC prevents endothelial dysfunction and modulates systemic levels of inflammation and oxidative stress. Approach and Results: Forty-nine participants with periodontitis were randomly allocated to receive either 3 cycles of ischemia-reperfusion on the upper limb (N=25, RIPC) or a sham procedure (N=24, control) before IPT. Endothelial function assessed by flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery, inflammatory cytokines, markers of vascular injury, and oxidative stress were evaluated at baseline, day 1, and day 7 after IPT. Twenty-four hours post-IPT, the RIPC group had lower levels of IL (interleukin)-10 and IL-12 compared with the control group ( P <0.05). RIPC attenuated the IPT-induced increase in IL-1β, E-selectin, sICAM-3 (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 3), and s-thrombomodulin levels between the baseline and day 1 ( P for interaction <0.1). Conversely, oxidative stress was differentially increased at day1 in the RIPC group compared with the control group ( P for interaction <0.1). This was accompanied by a better flow-mediated dilatation (mean difference 1.75% [95% CI, 0.428–3.07], P =0.011). After 7 days from IPT, most of the inflammatory markers endothelial-dependent and -independent vasodilation were similar between groups. Conclusions: RIPC prevented acute endothelial dysfunction by modulation of inflammation and oxidation processes in patients with periodontitis following exposure to an acute inflammatory stimulus. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT03072342.

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The Association between Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Functions in Infants Born to Preeclamptic Mothers

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1676481 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (11) ◽

pp. 1205-1210

Author(s):

Didem Arman ◽

Secil Ercin ◽

Sevilay Topcuoğlu ◽

Ayşem Kaya ◽

Taner Yavuz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Stress Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Cardiac Functions ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Echocardiographic Parameters ◽

Oxidant Status ◽

The Relationship ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Objective The present study aimed to assess the global oxidant and antioxidant status in infants born to preeclamptic mothers and their correlation with cardiac functions. Study Design We compared 40 infants born to preeclamptic mothers with 40 premature infants born to normotensive mothers. We assessed the relationship between echocardiographic measurements and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) values. Results In the study group, TAC, TOS, and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were significantly higher in the cord blood (p = 0.03, 0.04, and 0.039, respectively) than in the control group. We did not observe any correlation between echocardiographic measurements and TAC, TOS, and OSI levels in infants born to preeclamptic mothers. Conclusion Compared with the control group, despite higher TAC levels in infants born to preeclamptic mothers, concurrent elevated OSI levels reveal that the oxidant–antioxidant balance is disturbed in favor of oxidants. Furthermore, the findings of this study suggest that echocardiographic parameters are unaffected by the oxidant status.

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Evaluation of the heme oxygenase-1 expression in esophagitis and esophageal cancer induced by different reflux experimental models and diethylnitrosamine

Acta Cirurgica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-86502010000300015 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 304-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Cleber Rosito Pinto Kruel ◽

Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto ◽

Tania Cristina Moita Blanco ◽

Theresa Christina Barja-Fidalgo ◽

Levi Lourenzo Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Experimental Model ◽

Heme Oxygenase ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Acid Reflux ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Control Group ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Duodenal Reflux ◽

Esophageal Carcinogenesis

PURPOSE: To study the expression of heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an enzyme induced by oxidative stress, in specimens obtained from an experimental model in rats that evaluated the role of gastric and duodenal reflux in esophageal carcinogenesis. METHODS: Esophageal specimens embedded in paraffin obtained from different experimental groups of rats were used for immunohistochemistry analysis of HO-1 expression. The rats had been divided into the following groups and were killed after 22 weeks: (1) cardioplasty to induce acid reflux; (2) esophagoduodenal anastomosis to induce duodenal reflux; (3) no treatment; (4) cardioplasty + diethylnitrosamine (DEN); (5) esophagoduodenal anastomosis + DEN; and (6) DEN. The study sample comprised 3 specimens from each group with the most severe histopathological lesions found on each study branch. RESULTS: The expression of HO-1 was seen only in rat specimens submitted to esophagoduodenal anastomosis (Groups 2 and 5), and the analysis of mean fluorescence intensity revealed a significant increase of HO-1 expression (4.8 and 4.6 fold, respectively) when compared with the control group (Group 3) (p<0.05). The main target for HO-1 induction was the inflammatory cells inside the tumor or in subepithelial areas. Rats exposed to gastric reflux had no HO-1 expression. CONCLUSION: Reflux esophagitis induced by reflux of duodenal contents, which provoked considerable oxidative stress, may play an important role in esophageal carcinogenesis. Acid reflux did not induce oxidative stress in this experimental model.

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Effects of a Mixed Limosilactobacillus fermentum Formulation with Claimed Probiotic Properties on Cardiometabolic Variables, Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Male Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10092202 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 2202

Author(s):

Micaelle Oliveira de Luna Freire ◽

Luciana Caroline Paulino do Nascimento ◽

Kataryne Árabe Rimá de Oliveira ◽

Alisson Macário de Oliveira ◽

Thiago Henrique Napoleão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Control Diet ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Low Grade ◽

Probiotic Properties ◽

High Fat ◽

Low Grade Inflammation ◽

And Oxidative Stress

High-fat diet (HFD) consumption has been linked to dyslipidemia, low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of a mixed formulation with Limosilactobacillusfermentum 139, L. fermentum 263 and L. fermentum 296 on cardiometabolic parameters, fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in colon and heart tissues of male rats fed an HFD. Male Wistar rats were grouped into control diet (CTL, n = 6), HFD (n = 6) and HFD with L. fermentum formulation (HFD-Lf, n = 6) groups. The L.fermentum formulation (1 × 109 CFU/mL of each strain) was administered twice a day for 4 weeks. After a 4-week follow-up, biochemical parameters, fecal SCFA, cytokines and oxidative stress variables were evaluated. HFD consumption caused hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, low-grade inflammation, reduced fecal acetate and propionate contents and increased biomarkers of oxidative stress in colon and heart tissues when compared to the CTL group. Rats receiving the L. fermentum formulation had reduced hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, but similar SCFA contents in comparison with the HFD group (p < 0.05). Rats receiving the L. fermentum formulation had increased antioxidant capacity throughout the colon and heart tissues when compared with the control group. Administration of a mixed L. fermentum formulation prevented hyperlipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress in colon and heart tissues induced by HFD consumption.

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Sacran, a High-molecular Weight Polysaccharide Inhibits Renal Injury and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Renal Failure Model Rats

Journal of Nutritional Biology ◽

10.18314/jnb.v4i2.1380 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 267-275

Author(s):

Miwa Goto ◽

Daisuke Iohara ◽

Shinichiro Kaneko ◽

Taishi Higashi ◽

Keiichi Motoyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Renal Injury ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

Systemic Circulation ◽

Failure Model ◽

Similar Treatment ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

And Oxidative Stress ◽

Carbonaceous Adsorbent

The administration of a high-molecular polysaccharide Sacran results in a significant decrease in renal injury and oxidative stress, compared with that for the oral carbonaceous adsorbent, AST-120 (Kremezin®) or a non-treatment group in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. An oral administration of Sacran (20 mg/day) over a 4 week period resulted in a significant decrease in serum indoxyl sulfate, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, compared with a similar treatment with AST-120 or the non-treatment group. Sacran treatment also resulted in antioxidant potential being maintained, compared with that for AST-120 or the non-treatment group. Immuno-histochemical analyses also demonstrated that CRF rats, when treated with Sacran, showed a decrease in the level of accumulated renal fibrosis and 8-OHdG compared with AST-120 or the non-treatment group. These results suggest that the ingestion of Sacran results in a significant reduction in the levels of prooxidants, such as uremic toxins, in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby inhibiting the subsequent development of oxidative stress in the systemic circulation.

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The Effect of Herniarin on Spatial Working Memory, Pain Threshold, and Oxidative Stress in Ischemic Hypoperfusion Model in Rats

Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences ◽

10.32598/cjns.7.24.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 42-50

Author(s):

Zahra Nazari Barchestani ◽

◽

Maryam Rafieirad ◽

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Pain Threshold ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Tail Flick ◽

Pain Thresholds ◽

Ischemic Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Brain ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Background: Ischemia causes severe neuronal damage and induces oxidative stress, memory impairment, and reduces pain threshold. Herniarin is a powerful antioxidant. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of herniarin on memory, pain, and oxidative stress in an ischemia model in male rats. Materials & Methods: In this study, 50 male rats were divided into 5 groups of control, sham, ischemic, and two other ischemic groups, which received herniarin at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg by gavage for 14 days. Behavioral tests were performed by shuttle box, and Y-maze and pain tests were performed by Tail-Flick test. Then, the rats’ brains were extracted to evaluate lipid peroxidation and measure the levels of thiol and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) in the hippocampus and striatum tissues. The results were expressed as Mean±SEM and then analyzed using suitable statistical methods of ANOVA and least significant difference post-hoc test in SPSS V. 20. Results: Herniarin significantly increased the avoidance memory, spatial memory, and pain thresholds of ischemic rats at different concentrations (P<0.001). Besides, the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiol in the ischemic group increased significantly in comparison to the control group (P<0.001). Also, in the ischemic group, GPX (P<0.001) significantly decreased. Decreased MDA (P<0.001) and thiol (P<0.001) and increased GPX levels were observed with herniarin administration (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to this study’s results, herniarin can remove free radicals and oxidant substances from the brain. Thus, it improves memory and pain thresholds in the brain hypoperfusion ischemia model.

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