scholarly journals Chronic Osteoporotic Pain in Mice: Cutaneous and Deep Musculoskeletal Pain Are Partially Independent of Bone Resorption and Differentially Sensitive to Pharmacological Interventions

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyako Suzuki ◽  
Magali Millecamps ◽  
Lina Naso ◽  
Seiji Ohtori ◽  
Chisato Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Cutaneous Hypersensitivity ◽  
Function Time

Although the pathological changes in osteoporotic bones are well established, the characterization of the osteoporotic pain and its appropriate treatment are not fully elucidated. We investigated the behavioral signs of cutaneous and deep musculoskeletal pain and physical function; time-dependent changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and the emergence of the behavioral phenotype; and the effects of pharmacological interventions having different mechanisms of action (chronic intraperitoneal administration of pamidronate [0.25 mg/kg, 5x/week for 5 weeks] versus acute treatment with intraperitoneal morphine [10 mg/kg] and pregabalin [100 mg/kg]) in a mouse model of ovariectomized or sham-operated mice 6 months following surgery. We observed reduced BMD associated with weight gain, referred cutaneous hypersensitivity, and deep musculoskeletal pain that persisted for 6 months. Chronic bisphosphonate treatment, 6 months after ovariectomy, reversed bone loss and hypersensitivity to cold, but other behavioral indices of osteoporotic pain were unchanged. While the efficacy of acute morphine on cutaneous pain was weak, pregabalin was highly effective; deep musculoskeletal pain was intractable. In conclusion, the reversal of bone loss alone is insufficient to manage pain in chronic osteoporosis. Additional treatments, both pharmacological and nonpharmacological, should be implemented to improve quality of life for osteoporosis patients.

A Review on The Complications and Management of Osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2345-2349
Author(s):  
Mohsin Aijaz Soomro ◽  
Raheel Akbar Baloch ◽  
Najeeb ur Rehman ◽  
Niaz Hussain Keerio ◽  
Muhammad Faraz Jokhio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Calcium Supplements ◽  
Skeletal Disease ◽  
The Individual

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that is characterized by low bone mineral density. It also disrupts the microarchitectural of the bone. In leads to increased bone fragility and risk of fractures. Even while it occurs in persons of various ages and ethnicities (including Caucasians and whites), it is more common among Caucasians (whites), elderly people, and women. Osteoporosis is becoming a global epidemic as the world's population ages and lives longer. Osteoporosis affects an estimated 200 million individuals worldwide. It affects a 3rd of women and one in every 12 men. This increases morbidity as well as mortality due to several complications. Moreover, It also reduces the patient's quality of life, lengthens their life expectancy when they are disabled, and places a heavy financial load on the health insurance systems of countries that are responsible for their care. Thus, it is essential to improve diagnostic methods and to introduce early intervention to prevent this disease. Lifestyle modification is an important recommendation for the population at risk. There are several pharmacological interventions that could be taken to prevent osteoporosis as vitamin D and calcium supplements and to treat osteoporosis as bisphosphonates and anabolic drugs. The most important step in the treatment is tailored to the individual patients and to optimize the treatment according to each case individually. Therefore, increasing doctor awareness, which promotes improved awareness among the general public, will be useful in averting this epidemic. 

scholarly journals Advantages of lateral BMD DEXA measurement and concomitant lateral spinal imaging at the point of service over conventional PA measurement in the estimation of BMD

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Paul Sneider
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Spinal Imaging ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Bone Density Loss

This study examined 144 sequentially selected female patients with a mean age of 53.4 years. The purpose was to assess whether instant vertebral assessment (IVA) and lateral DEXA bone mineral density (BMD) measurement in the lumbar spine would render a significant difference in the assessment of bone loss compared with the older conventional PA measurement only. Thirty-five per cent of our patients' bone loss had to be upgraded because of the lower BMDs found on lateral DEXA scanning of the lumbar spine than was shown on PADEXA studies. Using the Genant classification, asymptomatic vertebral fractures were found in 10% of osteopaenic patients and in 26% who had osteoporosis with lateral IVA assessment. It was therefore concluded that both of these modalities were useful and made a greater contribution in the assessment of bone density loss, therefore enabling a more appropriate treatment protocol to be instituted and also improving patient compliance. The latter occurred because patients would rather accept a visual image of their illness such as a spine fracture or BMD value visually displayed on a graph than a verbal explanation for their asymptomatic but serious disease.

scholarly journals Impact of energy and casein or whey protein intake on bone status in a rat model of age-related bone loss

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mardon ◽  
A. Zangarelli ◽  
S. Walrand ◽  
M. J. Davicco ◽  
P. Lebecque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Status ◽  
Age Related

In the elderly, nutritional deficiencies, such as low energy and protein intake, are suggested to increase the risk of osteoporotic fractures. Modulation of the amount and quality of protein intake under energy deficient conditions represents an interesting strategy to prevent aged-related bone loss. We investigated the effect of a 5-month dietary restriction on bone status in 16-month-old male rats. Rats were randomised into six groups (n 10 per group). Control animals were fed a normal diet containing either casein (N-C) or whey protein (N-WP). The other groups received a 40 % protein and energy-restricted diet with casein or whey protein (PER-C and PER-WP) or a normal protein and energy-restricted diet (ER-C and ER-WP). Both restrictions (PER and ER) induced a decrease in femoral bone mineral density (BMD), consistent with impaired biomechanical properties and a reduced cortical area at the diaphysis. Plasma osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline levels suggested a decrease in bone turnover in the PER and ER groups. Interestingly, circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were also lowered. Overall, normal protein intake did not elicit any bone sparing effect in energy-deficient rats. Regarding protein quality, neither casein nor WP appeared to significantly prevent the BMD decrease. This study confirms that nutritional deficiencies may contribute to osteopenia through decreased IGF-1 levels. Moreover, it seems that impaired bone status could not be significantly prevented by modulating the amount and quality of dietary proteins.

scholarly journals Optimal Pharmacological Management and Prevention of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis (GIOP): Protocol for a Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawen Deng ◽  
Emma Huang ◽  
Zachary Silver ◽  
Elena Zheng ◽  
Kyra Kavanaugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
List Type ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Meta Analyses

ABSTRACTIntroductionGlucocorticoid (GC) administration is an effective therapy commonly used in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. However, the use of GC can give rise to serious complications. The main detrimental side effect of GC therapy is significant bone loss, resulting in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP).There are a variety of treatments available for preventing and managing GIOP; however, without clearly defined guidelines, it can be very difficult for physicians to choose the optimal therapy for their patients. Previous network meta-analyses (NMAs) and meta-analyses did not include all available RCT trials, or only performed pairwise comparisons. We present a protocol for a NMA that incorporates all available RCT patient data to provide the most comprehensive ranking of all available GIOP treatments in terms of their ability to increase bone mineral density (BMD) and decrease fracture incidences among adult patients undergoing GC treatments.Methods and AnalysisWe will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, CENTRAL and Chinese literature sources (CNKI, CQVIP, Wanfang Data, Wanfang Med Online) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which fit our criteria. RCTs that evaluate different antiresorptive regimens taken by adult patients undergoing GC therapy during the study or had taken GC for at least 3 months in the year prior to study commencement with lumbar spine BMD, femoral neck BMD, total hip BMD, vertebral fracture incidences and/or non-vertebral fracture incidences as outcomes will be selected.We will perform title/abstract and full-text screening as well as data extraction in duplicate. Risk of bias (ROB) will be evaluated in duplicate for each study, and the quality of evidence will be examined using CINeMA in accordance to the GRADE framework. We will use R and gemtc to perform the NMA. We will report BMD results as weighted mean differences (WMDs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs), and we will report fracture incidences as odds ratios. We will use the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) scores to provide numerical estimations of the rankings of interventions.Ethics and DisseminationThe study will not require ethical approval. The findings of the NMA will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences. We aim to produce the most comprehensive quantitative analysis regarding the management of GIOP. Our analysis should be able to provide physicians and patients with an up-to-date recommendation for pharmacotherapies in reducing incidences of bone loss and fractures associated with GIOP.Systematic Review RegistrationInternational Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) — CRD42019127073ARTICLE SUMMARYStrengths and limitations of this studyLiterature search in Chinese databases will likely yield huge amounts of new RCT evidence regarding GIOPReporting change in BMD outcomes as standardized mean differences allow the pooling of absolute and percentage change data, increasing the number of RCT trials includedOnly RCTs will be included, quality of trials and networks will be evaluated using Risk of Bias and GRADEOlder trials may report inaccurate results due to outdated procedures and hardwareChinese clinicians may not use the same procedures and practices as Western clinicians

scholarly journals Aromatic Bis[aminomethylidenebis(phosphonic)] Acids Prevent Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss and Suppress Osteoclastogenesis in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9590
Author(s):  
Anna Nasulewicz-Goldeman ◽  
Waldemar Goldeman ◽  
Anna Nikodem ◽  
Marcin Nowak ◽  
Diana Papiernik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Phosphonic Acids ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Skeletal Disease ◽  
Parallel Increase

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease associated with excessive bone turnover. Among the compounds with antiresorptive activity, nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates play the most important role in antiosteoporotic treatment. In previous studies, we obtained two aminomethylidenebisphosphonates—benzene-1,4-bis[aminomethylidene(bisphosphonic)] (WG12399C) acid and naphthalene-1,5-bis[aminomethylidene(bisphosphonic)] (WG12592A) acid—which showed a significant antiproliferative activity toward J774E macrophages, a model of osteoclast precursors. The aim of these studies was to evaluate the antiresorptive activity of these aminobisphosphonates in ovariectomized (OVX) Balb/c mice. The influence of WG12399C and WG12592A administration on bone microstructure and bone strength was studied. Intravenous injections of WG12399C and WG12592A bisphosphonates remarkably prevented OVX-induced bone loss; for example, they sustained bone mineral density at control levels and restored other bone parameters such as trabecular separation. This was accompanied by a remarkable reduction in the number of TRAP-positive cells in bone tissue. However, a significant improvement in the quality of bone structure did not correlate with a parallel increase in bone strength. In ex vivo studies, WG12399C and WG12592A remarkably bisphosphonates reduced osteoclastogenesis and partially inhibited the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts. Our results show interesting biological activity of two aminobisphosphonates, which may be of interest in the context of antiresorptive therapy.

scholarly journals Attention to bone health in follow-up of gynaecological cancers in tertiary care

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 174550652110707
Author(s):  
Catherine A O’Gorman ◽  
Sorcha Minnock ◽  
Joseph Mulhall ◽  
Noreen Gleeson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Gynaecological Cancer ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Care Gap ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Objective: Women with gynaecological cancers are at an increased risk of cancer treatment–induced bone loss, which impacts on their quality of life and overall survival. Clinical cancer follow-up reviews focus on cancer status and fail to attend to important health and quality-of-life issues. We questioned whether there was a care-gap between tertiary clinicians and primary care physicians in the management of bone health in this cohort. Significant care-gaps in relation to bone health have been demonstrated in other oncologic settings. The objective of this study was to determine the level of attention to bone health in the care of women living with and beyond gynaecological cancer at a tertiary referral centre for gynaecological oncology. Methods: Retrospective, observational cohort study of attention to bone health in the management and follow-up of gynaecological cancers. Results: This study shows that there has been suboptimal attention from the carers at a cancer centre to bone health during the oncological follow up of women undergoing treatment for gynaecological cancer. In those at particular risk of cancer treatment–induced bone loss (iatrogenic menopause and/or external beam pelvic radiotherapy), 52% of women had no reference to bone health in their notes, and 57% had no assessment of bone mineral density. Conclusion: Tertiary cancer carers may underestimate the importance of bone health or believe that it falls outside the remit of their gynaecologic oncology service. Further research is needed to explore whether these findings are indicative of a true care gap and to gain insight into possible corrective measures.

Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of hospital effluents and their impact on the environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Hospital Effluents ◽  
Biological Contaminants ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Significant Chemical

Liquid effluents discharged by hospitals may contain chemical and biological contaminants whose main source is the different substances used for the treatment of patients. This type of rejection can present a sanitary potentially dangerous risk for human health and can provoke a strong degradation of diverse environmental compartments mainly water and soils. The present study focuses on the quality of the liquid effluents of Hassani Abdelkader’s hospital of Sidi Bel-Abbes (West of Algeria). The results reveal a significant chemical pollution (COD: 879 mgO2/L, BOD5: 850 mgO2/L, NH4+ : 47.9 mg/l, NO2- : 4.2 mg/l, NO3- : 56.8 mg/l with respect to WHO standard of 90 mgO2/L, 30 mgO2/L, 0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l and 1 mg/l respectively). However, these effluents are biodegradable since the ratio COD/BOD5 do not exceeded the value of 2 in almost all samples. The presence of pathogen germs is put into evidence such as pseudomonas, the clostridium, the staphylococcus, the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus. These results show that the direct discharge of these effluents constitutes a major threat to human health and the environment.

Impaired Estrogen Sensitivity in Bone by Inhibiting Both Estrogen Receptor a and b Pathways*

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Transgenic Rats ◽  
Estrogen Sensitivity

Although it is well established that estrogen deficiencycauses osteoporosis among the postmenopausalwomen, the involvement of estrogen receptor (ER) in itspathogenesis still remains uncertain. In the presentstudy, we have generated rats harboring a dominantnegative ERa, which inhibits the actions of not only ERabut also recently identified ERb. Contrary to our expectation,the bone mineral density (BMD) of the resultingtransgenic female rats was maintained at the same levelwith that of the wild-type littermates when sham-operated.In addition, ovariectomy-induced bone loss wasobserved almost equally in both groups. Strikingly, however,the BMD of the transgenic female rats, after ovariectomized,remained decreased even if 17b-estradiol(E2) was administrated, whereas, in contrast, the decreaseof littermate BMD was completely prevented byE2. Moreover, bone histomorphometrical analysis ofovariectomized transgenic rats revealed that the higherrates of bone turnover still remained after treatmentwith E2. These results demonstrate that the preventionfrom the ovariectomy-induced bone loss by estrogen ismediated by ER pathways and that the maintenanceof BMD before ovariectomy might be compensatedby other mechanisms distinct from ERa and ERbpathways.

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