scholarly journals Comparison of Corneal Power and Astigmatism between Simulated Keratometry, True Net Power, and Total Corneal Refractive Power before and after SMILE Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yishan Qian ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Xingtao Zhou ◽  
Rajeev Krishnan Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corneal Power ◽  
Refractive Power ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lenticule Extraction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Corneal Refractive Power

Purpose. To compare the mean corneal power (Km) and total astigmatism (Ka) estimated by three methods: simulated keratometry (simK), true net power (TNP), and total corneal refractive power (TCRP) before and after femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery.Methods. A retrospective, cross-sectional study. SimK, TNP, and TCRP from a Scheimpflug analyzer were obtained from 144 patients before and 6 months after SMILE surgery. Km and Ka were recorded as the mean of individual paracentral rings of 1.0 to 8.0 mm (R1 to R8). The surgically induced changes in Km (delta-simK, delta-TNP, and delta-TCRP) and Ka (delta-simKa, delta-TNPa, and delta-TCRPa) were compared to the changes in spherical equivalent of the cycloplegic refraction (delta-SE) and astigmatism (delta-RA).Results. Preoperatively, astigmatism values were greatest with simKa from R1 to R5 and greatest with TCRPa from R6 to R8. Astigmatism values were smallest with TNPa from R1 to R7. Postoperatively, astigmatism values were greatest with simKa from R1 to R5 and greatest with TCRPa from R6 to R8. Delta-TCRP3and Delta-TCRP4matched delta-SE most closely, and delta-TCRPa3matched delta-RA most closely.Conclusions. TCRP proved to be the most accurate method in estimating corneal power and astigmatism both before and after SMILE surgery.

What Is the Impact of Prior Authorization on the Incidence of Pediatric Tonsillectomy?

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982096963
Author(s):  
Vanessa F. Torrecillas ◽  
Kaden Neuberger ◽  
Alexander Ramirez ◽  
Paul Krakovitz ◽  
Jeremy D. Meier
Keyword(s):  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Prior Authorization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Objective Third-party payers advocate for prior authorization (PA) to reduce overutilization of health care resources. The impact of PA in elective surgery is understudied, especially in cases where evidence-based clinical practice guidelines define operative candidacy. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of PA on the incidence of pediatric tonsillectomy. Study Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Health claims database from a third-party payer. Methods Any pediatric patient who had evaluation for tonsillectomy from 2016 to 2019 was eligible for inclusion. A time series analysis was used to evaluate the change in incidence of tonsillectomy before and after PA. Lag time from consultation to surgery before and after PA was compared with segmented regression. Results A total of 10,047 tonsillectomy claims met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Female patients made up 51% of claims, and the mean age was 7.9 years. Just 1.5% of claims were denied after PA implementation. There was no change in the incidence of tonsillectomy for all plan types ( P = .1). Increased lag time from consultation to surgery was noted immediately after PA implementation by 2.38 days (95% CI, 0.23-4.54; P = .030); otherwise, there was no significant change over time ( P = .98). Conclusion A modest number of tonsillectomy claims were denied approval after implementation of PA. The value of PA for pediatric tonsillectomy is questionable, as it did not result in decreased incidence of tonsillectomy in this cohort.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Results of Arthroscopic Release in Limits of Movement in Knees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Sobhan ◽  
Seyed Hossein Saeed Banadaky ◽  
Mohammad Shafiee ◽  
Mohammad Gheisari
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Knee Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Arthroscopic Release ◽  
Lysholm Knee Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Limits of movement in knees is one of the most common complications following trauma and surgery. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment choices, knee replacement and performance improvement are expected in many patients. However, limits of movement in knees is unpleasant and should be corrected as soon as possible. In this study, we decided to evaluate the results of arthroscopic release in motion limits of knees. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study.14 patients who referred to the Shahid Sadoughi Hospital of Yazd from 2014 to 2016 and diagnosed with knee limitation (flexion or extension restriction of more than 10 degrees) were selected. Patients were undergone arthroscopic release and followed-up for 6 months. Lysholm knee score, degrees of flexion and extension, and patient satisfaction were evaluated. The results were analyzed by SPSS-18 and statistical tests Paired T-test as well as Spearman correlation. Results: The mean age of the patients was 28.92±10.99 years. The most common type of trauma in the patients was femoral distal fracture (46.7%). The frequency of the patients' satisfaction with arthroscopy was as followed: 50% (7 patients), had moderate satisfaction, 28.6% (4 ones), high satisfaction, and 21.4% (3 ones) had low satisfaction.The mean difference in Lysholm Knee Score, improvement in degree of extension, improvement in degree of flexion and pain score before and after arthroscopy were 26.21±14.11,64.78±26.13,3.57±2.92 and 4.13±1.65,respectively.There was a significant difference between the mean values of these factors before and after arthroscopy. Conclusion: According to the results obtained, we can conclude that arthroscopic release is an effective and low-complication method in motion limits of knees.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sleep Disturbances During COVID-19 Pandemic in a Nepalese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandra ◽  
Pooja Prakash ◽  
Nabina Sharma ◽  
Ayush Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Objectives: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and news of daily increasing cases inside Nepal and worldwide is adding to the fear that leads to anger, anxiety, frustration, and stress, emotions that directly affect sleep quality. This study aimed to assess sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic in a Nepalese population.Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 206 Nepali residents who completed anonymous self-administered questionnaires. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire was used to measure sleep disturbances before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The gathered data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using SPSS version 20 statistical software.Results: There was a significant variation in sleep disturbances among Nepalese residents before versus after the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.001). The prevalence of clinical moderate insomnia has increased tremendously in Nepalese individuals. Before the pandemic’s onset, only 3.9% of the participants had moderate to severe levels of clinical insomnia; after its onset, this value increased to 17.5%. The mean ISI scores were 6.35±4.65 and 8.01±6.01 before and after the pandemic’s onset, respectively.Conclusions: Our study findings suggest that people are suffering tremendously with sleep disturbances and calls for further research and active measures to help increase sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Analysis of QTc Interval during Levofloxacin Prescription in Cardiac Patients with Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lida Shojaei ◽  
Mohammad Ruzbahani ◽  
Shiva Khajavian ◽  
Soodeh Shahsavari ◽  
Negin Tamasoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Torsade De Pointes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Qt Prolongation ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qtc Interval Prolongation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
General Wards ◽  
Heart Hospital

Background: Medications induced QT prolongation could cause ventricular arrhythmia, torsade de pointes, and death. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the magnitude of QTc interval prolongation as a result of levofloxacin treatment in patients admitted to cardiology wards. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the coronary care units and general wards of the Imam Ali Heart Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran. The QTc interval was determined at baseline and after 72 hours of levofloxacin administration. Changes in the QTc interval before and after the levofloxacin prescription were determined. Results: The mean age of recruited patients was 63.26 ± 14.56 years. More than 80% of patients who received levofloxacin experienced QTc prolongation. The QTc interval was increased significantly after levofloxacin administration (15.68 ± 26.84 milliseconds) (P<0.001). These changes remained significant after excluding medications with QTc lengthening properties (P<0.001). Conclusion: Treatment with levofloxacin in patients with heart disease increases the risk of QT prolongation.

scholarly journals Changes of Quality of Semen after Swim up Method during Intrauterine Insemination: A Single Centered Experience in Dhaka City

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Shafeya Khanam ◽  
Morium Faruque Shati ◽  
Muqsuda Ashraf Shuvro ◽  
Sharmin Ahmed ◽  
Trifa Obayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Background: Quality of semen is very important during intrauterine insemination.Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to observe the changes of quality of semen after swim up method during intrauterine insemination.Methodology: This analytical type of cross-sectional study was carried out at a private infertility centre (Central Hospital Limited, Dhaka) in Dhaka city of Bangladesh from January 2012 to December 2017 for a period of 6 years. Infertile couples who already had undergone natural cycles of super-ovulation for six months or whose duration of infertility was more than one year were included. Semen samples were collected by the process of masturbation in semen production room after three days of abstinence in sterile, labelled container. After production all samples were placed in an incubator at 37 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes for liquefaction. Routine semen analysis was performed using World Health Organizations’ (WHO) semen analysis criteria. Then the samples were randomly assigned to be processed either with swim-up or density-gradient procedure.Result: A total number of 789 male respondents were recruited for this study. The mean age with SD of the study population was 28.96±5.382 with the range of 19 to 46 years. The mean changes of sperm concentration before and after swim up method was 52.70±42.88 with the 95% confidence of 49.58 to 55.82 (p=0.000). The mean changes of sperm motility before and after swim up method was 29.03±14.849 with the 95% confidence of 30.11 to 27.95 (p=0.000). The mean changes of sperm morphology before and after swim up method was 23.96±11.328 (p=0.000).Conclusion: There is a significant changes of quality of semen after swim up method during intrauterine inseminationJournal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2018;4(1): 54-57

scholarly journals The Role of FENO in Comparison to Spirometry and ACT in Control of Children Asthma Symptoms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Dabbaghzadeh ◽  
Marzieh Tavakol ◽  
Mohammad Gharagozlou
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Lung Function Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Asthma Control Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Act Score

  Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a noninvasive marker of inflammation, used for monitoring asthma. The aim of this study was to compare FeNO, asthma control test (ACT), and lung function test (spirometry) in children aged 8-15 years. This observational, cross-sectional study was performed on76 asthmatic children (age, 8-15 years), who were referred to the Department of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran during 2012-2013. Patients were matched for sex and age. The recruited patients were selected via consecutive sampling. FeNO was measured with a portable electrochemical analyzer and forced spirometry was performed according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines. The ACT questionnaire was used and completed for all the patients.  The mean FeNO was 28.5±29.1 ppb, and the mean ACT score was 19.8±3.6. FeNO was significantly correlated with forced expiratory volume (FEV1) (r, 0.232; p=0.049) or 25-75% maximum expiratory flow (MEF 25-75) (r, -0.304; p=0.009). FeNO showed no significant correlation with ACT score or FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) (p>0.05). Additionally, there was no significant correlation between FeNO and changes in FEV1 and MEF 25-75% before and after the administration of bronchodilators (p>0.05). To improve asthma control, childhood ACT, FeNO, and spirometric tests can be used as complementary tools in clinical practice to detect children with poorly controlled asthma.

scholarly journals Evaluation of air pollutants (PM10 and SO2) in the first year of the COVID-19: A city sample from Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 041-047
Author(s):  
Ömer Faruk Tekin
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

The aim of this study is to evaluate the change of air pollutants in the province of Van compared to the previous year during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study is a cross-sectional study conducted in Van where is a city in eastern Turkey. PM10 and SO2 values obtained from the National Air Quality Monitoring Network website. The lockdowns imposed in the province of Van within the scope of combating COVID-19 have been recorded by examining the decisions of the Sanitary Board on the Van Governorship's official website. The mean of PM10 measurement values in the period before and after COVID-19 were 40.89±19.6 µg/m3 and 41.3±20.39 µg/m3, respectively. The mean of SO2 measurement values were 17.76±18.48 µg/m3 and 23.49±20.96 µg/m3 before and after COVID-19, respectively. When one year after and before COVID-19 was evaluated, there was no difference in PM10 values in terms of year averages, while SO2 value was found to be increased compared to the previous year. However, when analyzed by months, there were months when PM10 values were found to be increased (March, September and October) and decreased (July, August and November) compared to the previous year.

scholarly journals Determinants of Persistent Post COVID-19 symptoms: Value of a Novel COVID-19 symptoms score

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Islam Galal ◽  
Aliae AR Mohamed Hussein ◽  
Mariam T Amin ◽  
Mahmoud M Saad ◽  
Hossam Eldeen E Zayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Score ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Attack ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Main Determinants

AbstractBackgroundBeing a newly emerging disease little is known about its long-lasting post COVID-19 consequences. Aim of this work is to assess the frequency, patterns and determinants of persistent post COVID-19 symptoms and to evaluate the value of a proposed Novel COVID-19 symptoms score. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 in the registry were included in a cross sectional study. The patient demographics, comorbid disorders, the mean duration since the onset of the symptoms, history of hospital or ICU admittance, and treatment taken during acute state, as well as symptoms score before and after convalescence were recorded.ResultsThe most frequent constitutional and neurological symptoms were myalgia (60.0%), arthralgia (57.2%), restriction of daily activities (57.0%), sleeping troubles (50.9%), followed by anorexia (42.6%), chest pain (32.6%), gastritis (32.3%), cough (29.3%) and dyspnea (29.1%). The mean total score of acute stage symptoms was 31.0 ± 16.3 while post COVID 19 symptoms score was 13.1±12.6 (P<0.001). The main determinants of the persistent post COVID-19 symptoms were the need for oxygen therapy (P<0.001), pre-existing hypertension (P=0.039), chronic pulmonary disorders (P=0.012), and any chronic comorbidity (P=0.004). There was a correlation between the symptom score during the acute attack and post COVID-19 stage (P<0.001, r=0.67). The acute phase score had 83.5% sensitivity and 73.3% specificity for the cutoff point > 18 to predict occurrence of Post-COVID-19 symptoms.ConclusionsCOVID-19 can present with a diverse spectrum of long-term post COVID-19 symptoms. Increased acute phase symptom severity and COVID-19 symptom score > 18 together with the presence of any comorbid diseases increase the risk for persistent post COVID-19 manifestations and severity.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara pola konsumsi gluten dan kasein dengan skor CARS (childhood autism rating scale) pada anak ASD (autistic spectrum disorder)

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Rahmawati ◽  
Sunartini Sunartini ◽  
Madarina Julia
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Childhood Autism Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: The worldwide prevalence of ASD (Autistic Spectrum Disorder) during the last few years is increasing. The association between diet free of gluten and casein and improvement of autistic behaviors is still under questions.Objective: To study the association between the consump6tion of gluten and casein and the score of Childhood Autistic Rating Scale (CARS) in children with ASD (Autistic Spectrum Disorder). The study also aimed at understanding mothers’ attitude toward the diet.Methods: This was a cross sectional study on 10 mothers of children suffering from ASD in a clinic in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A dietician measured the consumptions of gluten and casein with scored food frequency questionnaire while experts in the clinic measured CARS. In-depth interviews were performed to capture the mothers’ attitude toward the diet.Result: There was a decrease in the mean score of consumption of gluten and casein before and after diagnoses of ASD, mean difference of 156.6 (125.2; 187.9), p<0.001). There was no significant correlation between the consumption score of gluten and casein and the decrease in the score of CARS (r= 0.274, p= 0.82). Mothers thought diet free of gluten and casein was associated with improvement of behaviors.Conclusion: Consumption of gluten and casein decreased after diagnosis of ASD. Mothers think diet free of gluten and casein improved their children’s behaviors.

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