scholarly journals Socioeconomic Factors and Inequality in the Prevalence and Treatment of Diabetes among Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghua Wang ◽  
Xiangjun Li ◽  
Mingsheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Diabetes Treatment ◽  
Antidiabetic Medication ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Elderly Chinese ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
The Rich

Background. In China, the prevalence of diabetes has increased significantly over recent decades, owing to the county’s rapidly aging population. Although many studies have examined the prevalence of diabetes worldwide, there has been little analysis of the inequalities in its prevalence and treatment among middle-aged and elderly people. Objectives. This study evaluates influence factors and inequality in respect to the prevalence of diabetes and medication treatment among middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults. Methods. Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a nationally representative household survey of middle-aged and elderly people (i.e., 45 years of age or older). Logistic regression models and the concentration index were used to estimate socioeconomic factors and inequalities in diabetes prevalence and treatment. Results. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes among middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults was 8.4%; this figure was significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas. Concentrations of prevalence were observed among the poor in urban areas and among the rich in rural areas. Overall, the incidence of receiving antidiabetic medication among diabetes patients was 64.3%; this was significantly higher for individuals in urban areas than those in rural areas, suggesting that awareness of diabetes treatment in urban areas is better than that in rural areas. A disproportionate concentration of incidence of receiving antidiabetic medication was observed among the rich in both urban and rural areas. Socioeconomic factors significantly affected the prevalence of diabetes and the likelihood of receiving medication and are major contributors to inequality. Conclusion. In China, policies and strategies regarding diabetes prevention and control should further focus on associated socioeconomic factors and major contributors to reduce diabetes prevalence, improve diabetes treatment and management, and alleviate current inequality in the prevalence and treatment of diabetes among middle-aged and elderly adults.

scholarly journals Awareness, treatment, control, and determinants of dyslipidemia among adults in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampson Opoku ◽  
Yong Gan ◽  
Emmanuel Addo Yobo ◽  
David Tenkorang-Twum ◽  
Wei Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Final Report ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

AbstractEffective management of dyslipidemia is important. This study aimed to determine the awareness, treatment, control, and determinants of dyslipidemia in middle-aged and older Chinese adults in China. Using data from the 2015 China National Stroke Screening and Prevention Project (CNSSPP), a nationally representative sample of 135,403 Chinese adults aged 40 years or more were included in this analysis. Dyslipidemia was defined by the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults final report (NCEP-ATP III) and the 2016 Chinese guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia in adults. Models were constructed to adjust for subjects’ characteristics with bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Overall, 51.1% of the subjects were women. Sixty-four percent were aware of their condition, of whom 18.9% received treatment, and of whom 7.2% had adequately controlled dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia treatment was higher in men from rural areas than their urban counterparts. The multivariable logistic regression models revealed that women, urban residents, and general obesity were positively related to awareness. Women, married respondents, and current drinkers had higher odds of treatment. Age group, overweight, general obesity, urban residence, and women were independent determinants of control. Dyslipidemia awareness rate was moderately high, but treatment and control rates were low. Results can be used to develop policies and health promotion strategies with special focus on middle-aged and older adults.

scholarly journals Migration and Rural Differentiation: Evidence from a Vietnamese Village

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Khue Nguyen ◽  
Thi Dien Nguyen ◽  
Thi Minh Hop Ho ◽  
Philippe Burny ◽  
Thomas Dogot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Diversification Strategy ◽  
Circular Pattern ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Industrial Zones

This paper explores the links between migration and social differentiation in rural Vietnam after the reform period (2005–2015) through a case study of Maithon village, Chilang District, Bacninh Province. Since 2005, many villagers have left Maithon to work in cities, industrial zones or to find employment abroad. The migration process has transformed labour and income structures and supply in many households. However, 90 percent of Maithon households claimed on the positive contribution of remittance, while at the same time, they did not suffer from labour shortage due to the circular pattern of the migration. Therefore, rural out-migration is one of the diversification strategy which enables the villager to gain access to cash income in urban areas while still keep position in rural areas. It has resulted in the increase in the size of the middle class, rather than the generation of the gap between the rich and the poor. Through this process, migration becomes a developmental strategy, as a means for upward mobility rather than mechanism of social differentiation.

scholarly journals Patterns of cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults—findings from the EMCOA study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu An ◽  
Lingli Feng ◽  
Xiaona Zhang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yushan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Elderly Chinese

Prospective associations between depressive symptoms and cognitive functions in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 692-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
An Pan ◽  
Jessica Gong ◽  
Ying Wen ◽  
Yi Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Elderly Chinese

scholarly journals Thematic Maps of the Impact of Urbanization and Socioeconomic Factors on the Distribution of the Incidence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Cases in Sefrou Province, Central North of Morocco (2007–2011)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fatima Zahra Talbi ◽  
Nordine Nouayti ◽  
Hajar El Omari ◽  
Mohamed Najy ◽  
Khadija Lahouiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

Background. Leishmaniases are vector-borne diseases with health risks. They cause a big health problem. These parasitic diseases are transmitted by the parasite of the genus Leishmania through sandflies. Objective. The aim of this work is to study the distribution of the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) cases and the impact of urbanization and socioeconomic factors and their effects as leishmaniasis risk factors. Methods. We conducted a retrospective study of CL cases collected at the level of Sefrou Province during the period from 2007 to 2011. The data was collected from registers of the Medical Delegation of Sefrou Province. The socioeconomic data, namely, the poverty rate, the popular density, and the type of environment (urban/rural) of Sefrou Province, were obtained from the High Commission for Planning. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software (version 20). The data were registered in a Microsoft Excel 2010 file. Statistical analysis was based on one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and then a correlation study was carried out (Pearson correlation). The results were considered significant when p was less than 0.05. The database was analyzed by QGIS 2.18, which is open source software. Results. A total of 349 cases of CL were collected at Sefrou Province from 2007 to 2011. A percentage of 49% of the cases come from urban areas, while 51% of the cases come from rural areas. In the statistical analysis, the division of the incidence of CL cases was found to be significantly associated only with urbanization. For the other factors, the number of people or the poverty rate is not taken into account in the incidence dynamics. Conclusion. This study may be useful for the implementation of future adequate measures and controls. Getting rid of leishmaniasis requires a comprehensive approach by acting on the sources of contamination through good continuous surveillance, appropriate management, effective vector control, and awareness-raising strategies.

Demographic and socioeconomic factors affecting infant mortality in Egypt

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Y. Aly
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Reduce Infant Mortality ◽  
Nationally Representative

SummaryThis paper analyses the relative importance of demographic and socioeconomic factors with respect to their role in reducing infant mortality in Egypt.Logit analyses of data from a nationally representative sample of Egyptian households, and for urban and rural households separately, indicate that demographic factors have more effect on infant mortality than socioeconomic factors. The results also show the need to improve housing in urban areas and sewerage systems in rural areas in order to reduce infant mortality. One of the most important policy conclusions, however, concerns the importance of providing a vigorous educational campaign to enlighten mothers and prospective mothers in both rural and urban areas on the positive effects of breast-feeding, longer birth intervals, and fewer children on the survival of infants.

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