scholarly journals In Vitro Inhibition of α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase by Extracts from Psiadia punctulata and Meriandra bengalensis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosief Kidane ◽  
Temesgen Bokrezion ◽  
Jimmy Mebrahtu ◽  
Mikias Mehari ◽  
Yacob Berhane Gebreab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Toxicological Studies

Background. This research assessed the in vitro antidiabetic activity and phytochemical constituents of the traditionally used medicinal plants, Psiadia punctulata and Meriandra bengalensis. Method. The leaves of both plants were subjected to cold extraction method using 70% ethanol and hot Soxhlet extraction using n-hexane, chloroform, methanol, and distilled water. The extracts were studied for their effect on glucose transport across yeast cells and inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme activities. Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of ethanol extract was also undertaken. Results. The results of yeast glucose uptake assay revealed that extracts from both plants had a maximum increase in glucose uptake at the 25mM glucose concentration with a maximum dose of 2000μg/ml plant extract. The ethanol extract of P. punctulata and aqueous extract of M. bengalensis showed a high activity of 68% and 96%, respectively, at 25mM and 2000μg/ml of glucose and extract concentration. P. punctulata exerted peak inhibition activity of α-amylase of 37.5 ± 3% mg/dl (IC50 = 0.523 mg/dl) for methanol and distilled water extract at 0.5 mg/dl, respectively. M. bengalensis methanol extract exhibited the highest inhibition activity of 38 ± 8 % mg/dl (IC50 = 0.543 mg/dl) at 0.5 mg/dl. In the α-glucosidase inhibition assay, the methanolic extract of P. punctulata exhibited the highest inhibitory activity of 17.29 ± 9% mg/dl (IC50 = 0.761 mg/dl) at 0.5mg/dl. The chloroform extract of M. bengalensis had the highest inhibitory activity of 30 ± 5% mg/dl (IC50=0.6mg/dl) at 0.5 mg/dL. Phytochemical analysis of the different extracts of P. punctulata and M. bengalensis revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phytosterols, and carbohydrates. Thin-layer chromatography analysis of ethanolic extract of both plants indicated presence of 15 and 17 spots for P. punctulata and M. bengalensis respectively. Conclusion. P. punctulata and M. bengalensis extracts have moderate inhibitory activity against pancreatic α-amylase and relatively low inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase. The observed effects may be associated with the presence of flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. Additional in vivo analysis, toxicological studies, isolation, and structural characterization of the phytomolecules identified in this study and molecular docking studies should be undertaken.

Phytochemical analysis of Gnetum montanum stems’ ethanol extract and in vitro evaluation of tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activity.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
CT N Nguyen ◽  
L Antoniadi ◽  
H Tran ◽  
T N Huynh ◽  
H Stuppner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation

scholarly journals Phytochemical evaluation and in vitro antidiabetic efficiency of isopropanolic leaf extract of pimenta racemosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Anitha T A ◽  
Pakutharivu T ◽  
Nirubama K ◽  
Akshaya V
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Pimenta Racemosa

The traditional herbal medicines are mainly obtained from plants are used in the management of Diabetes mellitus. The main objective of this work was to assess the presence of phytochemical compounds and to evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic activity of isopropanolic extracts of Pimenta racemosa leaves by studying their α-amylase inhibitory activity and glucose transport across yeast cells. Screening of phytochemicals showed positive results for alkaloids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, reducing sugars, anthraquinones, and results of in vitro α-amylase inhibitory studies demonstrated there was a dose-dependent increase in percentage inhibitory activity by the isopropanolic leaf extracts of Pimenta racemosa. At a concentration of 1 mg/ml, the extract showed a percentage inhibition 33.6 and for 5 mg/ml it was 91.2. The glucose uptake study was also studied through yeast cells by analyzing theamount of glucose remaining in the medium after a specific time intervals. It serves as an indicator for the capability of isopropanolic leaf extracts of Pimenta racemosa to transport the glucose into yeast cells. As a result, we found that the isopropanolic leaf extract of Pimenta racemosa have inhibitory activity against αamylase and also, which is efficient in glucose uptake. This therapeutic potentiality of Pimenta racemosa could be exploited in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Further studies are also required to elucidate whether the plant have antidiabetic potential by in vivo for corroborating the traditional claim of the plant.

scholarly journals In vitro antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of the ethanol extract of Uromastyx hardwickii skin

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 2109-2115
Author(s):  
Waqas Ahmad Shams ◽  
Gauhar Rehman ◽  
Samuel Okwudili Onoja ◽  
Abid Ali ◽  
Khurshaid Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Purpose: To evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of the ethanol extract of Uromastyx hardwickii Skin (UHSEE). Methods: The in vitro effects of UHSEE at various concentrations (10 - 250 µg/mL) on the activities of ߙ-amylase, ߙ-glucosidase and glucose uptake by yeast cells were used to evaluate its antidiabetic potential. Nitric oxide (NO), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide inhibitory assay were employed to determine its antioxidant effects, while the anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated using human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization assay. Results: UHSEE inhibited ߙ-amylase and ߙ-glucosidase enzymes but increased glucose uptake by yeast cells in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.05). It also inhibited NO, DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and HRBC hemolysis in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Uromastyx hardwickii skin exhibits promising good antidiabetic, antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties in vitro. However, its true potentials in this regard needs to be evaluted in vivo.

scholarly journals Anti-glycation and antioxidant properties of Abutilon indicum plant leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Dinesha Ramadas ◽  
Santhosh Kumar Nune ◽  
Chikkanna D ◽  
Maheshwara KV ◽  
Vedamurthy Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Inhibition Studies ◽  
Abutilon Indicum

The study was done to investigate the in vitro anti-diabetic activity of Ethanol-water extract of Abutilon indicum plant leaves. The phytochemicals present in the extract was analyzed by using standard methods. In vitro antioxidant study was done using DPPH radical scavenging activity. The In vitro anti-diabetic studies were done by alpha amylase enzyme, alpha glucosidases enzyme inhibition studies and Glucose uptake in Yeast cells studies. The phytochemical analysis showed that the extract rich with proteins, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, polysaccharides. The in vitro antiglycation potential of extract was confirmed through alpha amylase enzyme, alpha glucosidases enzyme inhibition studies and Glucose uptake in Yeast cells studies. The results of the present study showed the significant antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. The potential pharmacological activity of Abutilon indicum might be the presence of phytochemicals.

scholarly journals Anti-glycation and antioxidant properties of Abutilon indicum plant leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-005
Author(s):  
Dinesha Ramadas ◽  
Santhosh Kumar Nune ◽  
Chikkanna D ◽  
Maheshwara KV ◽  
Vedamurthy Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Inhibition Studies ◽  
Abutilon Indicum

The study was done to investigate the in vitro anti-diabetic activity of Ethanol-water extract of Abutilon indicum plant leaves. The phytochemicals present in the extract was analyzed by using standard methods. In vitro antioxidant study was done using DPPH radical scavenging activity. The In vitro anti-diabetic studies were done by alpha amylase enzyme, alpha glucosidases enzyme inhibition studies and Glucose uptake in Yeast cells studies. The phytochemical analysis showed that the extract rich with proteins, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, polysaccharides. The in vitro antiglycation potential of extract was confirmed through alpha amylase enzyme, alpha glucosidases enzyme inhibition studies and Glucose uptake in Yeast cells studies. The results of the present study showed the significant antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. The potential pharmacological activity of Abutilon indicum might be the presence of phytochemicals.

Evaluation of Snake Venom’s PhospholipaseA2 Enzyme Inhibition Activity of Cyphostemma adenocoule

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-202
Author(s):  
Atul Kaushik ◽  
Teamrat S. Tesfai ◽  
Daniel K. Barkh ◽  
Furtuna K. Ghebremeskel ◽  
Habtom G. Zerihun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Snake Venom ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Snake Bites ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Background: A snake bite is fundamentally an injury often resulting in puncture wounds meted out by the animal's fangs and occasionally resulting in envenomation. Rate of snake bites around 5,400,000 bites per year leads to over 2,500,000 envenomings and around 125,000 fatal cases annually. Snake venom enzymes are rich in metalloproteinases, phospholipaseA2, proteinases, acetylcholinesterases and hyaluronidases. Objective: Cyphostemma adenocoule is traditionally being used for the treatment of snake bites in Eritrea. The present research was aimed at evaluating the snake venom enzyme inhibition activity of C. adenocoule against puff adder venom and developing a base for the traditional use of the plant against snakebites in Eritrea. Methods: The anti-venom activity of C. adenocoule was assessed in-vitro through phospholipaseA2 enzyme inhibition assay using egg yolk as a cell. The ethanol and chloroform extracts of C. adenocoule showed in vitro anti phospholipase A2 activity, whereas the water extracts of the plant showed no activity. Results: Among the extracts of C. adenocoule, the highest percentage of inhibition was obtained from chloroform extract (95.55% at 100mg/ml). The extract showed prominent activity at different concentrations (34.7% at10mg/ml, 48.8% at 20mg/ml, 54.8% at 40mg/ml, 60.9% at 60mg/ml, 80.5% at 80mg /ml). The ethanol extract also showed certain activity at various concentrations (25.22% at10mg/ml, 14.78% at 20mg/ml, 2.6% at40mg/ml). The activity of the chloroform extracts increases as concentration increases, whereas the activity of the ethanol extracts decreases as concentration increases. The aqueous extract of C. adenocoule did not show any activity at all concentrations. Conclusion: In this study, the chloroform and ethanol extracts of the plant inhibited the enzyme of interest and thus proved the efficacy of anti-snake venom activity of the plant.

Phytochemical, Analytical and Medicinal Studies of Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Planch - A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Simranjeet Singh ◽  
Ragini Bhadouria ◽  
Ravindra Singh ◽  
Om Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Planch (HI) has been used to treat various ailments including obesity, osteoarthritis, arthritis, inflammation, anemia, diabetes etc. To review the major phytochemicals and medicinal properties of HI, exhaustive bibliographic research was designed by means of various scientific search engines and databases. Only 12 phytochemicals have been reported including biologically active compounds like betulin, betulinic acid, epifriedlin, octacosanol, Friedlin, Holoptelin-A and Holoptelin-B. Analytical methods including the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography With Mass Spectral (LC-MS) analysis have been used to analyze the HI. From medicinal potency point of view, these phytochemicals have a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor. In the current review, it has been noticed that the mechanism of action of HI with biomolecules has not been fully explored. Pharmacology and toxicological studies are very few. This seems a huge literature gap to be fulfilled through the detailed in-vivo and in-vitro studies.

scholarly journals Development of mouthwash with Rosmarinus officinalis extract

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Moreira Baumgratz de Paula ◽  
Flávia Costa Moraes ◽  
Orlando Vieira de Souza ◽  
Célia Hitomi Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oral Infections

Rosmarinus officinalis, which belongs to the Lamiaceaefamily, is a species of medicinal flora with therapeutic properties. In order to exploit the benefits of these properties, a mouthwash formulation was developed, with careful selection of raw materials to meet pharmacotechnical requirements. Extracts of the plant were incorporated into a mouthwash, which was shown to have inhibitory action in vitro against the micro-organisms commonly found in periodontics. Controls for assessing the quality of the drugs were carried out, quantifying phenols and flavonoids as chemical markers. Mouthwash solutions were formulated containing 0.1, 5 and 10% ethanol extract of R. officinalis; and 0.05, 5 and 10% of the hexane fraction of R. officinalis. In order to evaluate synergism, ethanol extract and hexane fraction were also added to formulations containing 0.05% sodium fluoride and 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate. These formulations were assessed for inhibitory effect against the specific microorganisms involved in the process of bacterial plaque formation, S. mutans(ATCC25175) and C. albicans(ATCC 10231), frequently found in cases of oral infections. The agar diffusion method was used to evaluate the inhibitory activity of extracts and formulations. All mouthwash solutions displayed inhibitory activity having higher sensitivity to S. mutansfor the 5% ethanol extract+0.05% sodium fluoride, and greater sensitivity to C. albicansfor the 10% hexane fraction. Results were characterized by the appearance of a growth inhibition halo, justifying the utilization and association of extracts of R. officinalis.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Penghambatan Xantin Oksidase pada Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hitam (Piper sp)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 160-163
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amir Masruhim ◽  
Wisnu Cahyo Prabowo ◽  
Dita Paramitha
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
One Way Anova

Hyperuricemia is a condition in which increased levels of uric acid in the blood. Xanthine oxidase role in the oxidation of hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid. One treatment of hyperuricemia is inhibiting xanthine oxidase in the process of formation of uric acid. The purpose of this study to determine the inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase in the ethanol extract of black betel leaf (Piper sp). Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity test using UV-Vis spectrophotometry in vitro with a concentration of 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 20 ppm. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The result is the ethanol extract of black betel leaf has a different activity significantly and IC50 values obtained is 65.96 ppm.

scholarly journals Kaempferia galanga L. Rhizome As a Potential Dental Plaque Preventive Agent

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Triana Hertiani ◽  
Sylvia Utami Tunjung Pratiwi ◽  
Iramie Duma Kencana Irianto ◽  
Aini Febriana
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Degradation Activity ◽  
Biofilm Inhibitor

Dental plaque prevention can be achieved by inhibition of mouth cavity microbes to built biofilm. Kaempferia galanga rhizome has been known as a potential antibacterial agent. This research aimed to reveal the potency of Kaempferia galanga extract and essential oil as anti plaque active agents, based on their in vitro inhibitory activity against the planktonic growth and biofilm of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 21752. Kaempferia galanga extract was obtained by defatting dried-pulverized samples in petroleum ether prior to immersion in 70% ethanol. The fresh rhizome was steam-hydro distilled for 6 h to yield the essential oil. Antibacterial and anti biofilm assays were measured by micro dilution technique on polystyrene 96-wells micro titer plates at 37°C. The percentage of inhibition was calculated by comparing the absorbance of samples to the vehicle (control) measured by micro plate reader at 595 nm. Biofilms formed were first stained by 1% crystal violet. The above assays were performed in triplicates. This study revealed that both K. galanga rhizome essential oil and ethanolic extract showed antibacterial and antibiofilm activity towards S. mutans. The ethanol extract showed MIC90 value at 0.091% w/v and MBC at 2.724% w/v for antibacterial activity; IC50 at 0.048 % w/v for anti biofilm formation activity; and EC50 at 0.052%w/v for biofilm degradation activity. Until the highest concentration tested (0.6%w/v), the MIC90 and MBC values of the essential oil were not revealed, but higher biofilm inhibitory activity i.e. IC50 at 0.025 % w/v; and EC50 at 0.034 %w/v were observed. Key words: biofilm inhibitor, antibacterial, Kaempferia galanga

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