scholarly journals The Occurrence of Putative Nitric Oxide Dismutase (Nod) in an Alpine Wetland with a New Dominant Subcluster and the Potential Ability for a Methane Sink

Archaea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfen Zhang ◽  
Anzhou Ma ◽  
Wenzong Liu ◽  
Zhihui Bai ◽  
Xuliang Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Alpine Wetland ◽  
New Process ◽  
Similar Cluster ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Zoige Wetland ◽  
First Time ◽  
Potential Rate

Recently, a new oxygenic pathway has been proposed based on the disproportionation of NO with putative NO dismutase (Nod). In addition to a new process in nitrogen cycling, this process provides ecological advantages for the degradation of substrates in anaerobic conditions, which is of great significance for wastewater treatment. However, the Nod distribution in aquatic environments is rarely investigated. In this study, we obtained the nod genes with an abundance of 2.38 ± 0.96 × 105 copies per gram of dry soil from the Zoige wetland and aligned the molecular characteristics in the corresponding Nod sequences. These Nod sequences were not only found existing in NC10 bacteria, but were also found forming some other clusters with Nod sequences from a WWTP reactor or contaminated aquifers. Moreover, a new subcluster in the aquifer-similar cluster was even dominant in the Zoige wetland and was named the Z-aquifer subcluster. Additionally, soils from the Zoige wetland showed a high potential rate (10.97 ± 1.42 nmol of CO2 per gram of dry soil per day) for nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) with low abundance of NC10 bacteria, which may suggest a potential activity of Nod in other clusters when considering the dominance of the Z-aquifer subcluster Nod. In conclusion, we verified the occurrence of Nod in an alpine wetland for the first time and found a new subcluster to be dominant in the Zoige wetland. Moreover, this new subcluster of Nod may even be active in the N-DAMO process in this alpine wetland, which needs further study to confirm.

Morphological and molecular characteristics of Bastiania sinensis sp. n., Tripyla aquatica Brzeski & Winiszewska-Ślipińska, 1993 and T. setifera Bütschli, 1873 (Nematoda: Triplonchida) from Shanxi Province, North China

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Mei Na Liu ◽  
Yu Mei Xu ◽  
Zeng Qi Zhao ◽  
Jian Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Using Data ◽  
First Time ◽  
Respective Species

Summary This paper describes a new species of Bastiania, presents a new record and redescribes a known species of Tripyla. These nematodes are all in the order Triplonchida and were collected from Shanxi Province, North China. Bastiania sinensis sp. n. is characterised by having the female with a relatively slender body 1049-1295 μm long, dorsally arcuate after heat relaxation, with outer labial setae and cephalic setae in a single circle, an oval amphid, 7-8 laterodorsal cervical setae scattered in the pharyngeal region, orthometamenes and pseudocoelomocytes present, tail conoid with a mucron 1-2 μm long, two pairs of caudal setae present, a = 58.1-75.5, b = 4.0-4.6, c = 12.7-19.7, c′ = 4.1-7.8 and V = 61.1-67.7. Males were not found. Tripyla aquatica is recorded for the first time from China, and is redescribed. Tripyla setifera has been reported from China but without a detailed description – now provided. In addition, phylogenetic relationships among the species were analysed using data from the near full length small subunit (SSU) and D2-D3 segments of large subunit (LSU) of rRNA genes. Bastiania sinensis sp. n. is monophyletic with the Bastiania sequences available in GenBank, but is on an independent branch supporting its status as a separate species; T. aquatica and T. setifera are monophyletically clustered with known Tripyla species and grouped together with sequences from their respective species.

scholarly journals Survival of Gastric and Enterohepatic Helicobacter spp. in Water: Implications for Transmission

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1805-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Azevedo ◽  
C. Almeida ◽  
I. Fernandes ◽  
L. Cerqueira ◽  
S. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Human Stomach ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Environmental Reservoir ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Part of the reason for rejecting aquatic environments as possible vectors for the transmission of Helicobacter pylori has been the preference of this microorganism to inhabit the human stomach and hence use a direct oral-oral route for transmission. On the other hand, most enteric bacterial pathogens are well known for being able to use water as an environmental reservoir. In this work, we have exposed 13 strains of seven different Helicobacter spp. (both gastric and enterohepatic) to water and tracked their survival by standard plating methods and membrane integrity assessment. The influence of different plating media and temperatures and the presence of light on recovery was also assessed. There was good correlation between cultivability and membrane integrity results (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.916), confirming that the culture method could reliably estimate differences in survival among different Helicobacter spp. The species that survived the longest in water was H. pylori (>96 h in the dark at 25°C), whereas H. felis appeared to be the most sensitive to water (<6 h). A hierarchical cluster analysis demonstrated that there was no relationship between the enterohepatic nature of Helicobacter spp. and an increased time of survival in water. This work assesses for the first time the survival of multiple Helicobacter spp., such has H. mustelae, H. muridarum, H. felis, H. canadensis, H. pullorum, and H. canis, in water under several conditions and concludes that the roles of water in transmission between hosts are likely to be similar for all these species, whether enterohepatic or not.

scholarly journals Effect of 10 UV Filters on the Brine Shrimp Artemia salina and the Marine Microalga Tetraselmis sp.

Toxics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Evane Thorel ◽  
Fanny Clergeaud ◽  
Lucie Jaugeon ◽  
Alice M. S. Rodrigues ◽  
Julie Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Personal Care Product ◽  
Marine Microalga ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
First Time

The presence of pharmaceutical and personal care product (PPCP) residues in the aquatic environment is an emerging issue due to their uncontrolled release through gray water, and accumulation in the environment that may affect living organisms, ecosystems and public health. The aim of this study is to assess the toxicity of benzophenone-3 (BP-3), bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine (BEMT), butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (BM), methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol (MBBT), 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (ES), diethylaminohydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate (DHHB), diethylhexyl butamido triazone (DBT), ethylhexyl triazone (ET), homosalate (HS) and octocrylene (OC) on marine organisms from two major trophic levels, including autotrophs (Tetraselmis sp.) and heterotrophs (Artemia salina). In general, results showed that both HS and OC were the most toxic UV filters for our tested species, followed by a significant effect of BM on Artemia salina due to BM—but only at high concentrations (1 mg/L). ES, BP3 and DHHB affected the metabolic activity of the microalgae at 100 µg/L. BEMT, DBT, ET, MBBT had no effect on the tested organisms, even at high concentrations (2 mg/L). OC toxicity represents a risk for those species, since concentrations used in this study are 15–90 times greater than those reported in occurrence studies for aquatic environments. For the first time in the literature, we report HS toxicity on a microalgae species at concentrations complementing those found in aquatic environments. These preliminary results could represent a risk in the future if concentrations of OC and HS continue to increase.

scholarly journals Innovation in Continuous Rectification for Tequila Production

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Estarrón-Espinosa Mirna ◽  
Ruperto-Pérez Mariela ◽  
Padilla-de la Rosa José Daniel ◽  
Prado-Ramírez Rogelio
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Distillation Columns ◽  
Continuous Rectification ◽  
New Process ◽  
Volatile Profiles ◽  
First Time ◽  
Continuous Distillation ◽  
Manual Mode ◽  
Rectification Process

In this study, a new process of continuous horizontal distillation at a pilot level is presented. It was applied for the first time to the rectification of an ordinario fraction obtained industrially. Continuous horizontal distillation is a new process whose design combines the benefits of both distillation columns, in terms of productivity and energy savings (50%), and distillation stills in batch, in terms of the aromatic complexity of the distillate obtained. The horizontal process of continuous distillation was carried out at the pilot level in a manual mode, obtaining five accumulated fractions of distillate that were characterized by gas chromatography (GC-FID). The tequila obtained from the rectification process in this new continuous horizontal distillation process complies with the content of methanol and higher alcohols regulated by the Official Mexican Standard (NOM-006-SCFI-2012). Continuous horizontal distillation of tequila has potential energy savings of 50% compared to the traditional process, besides allowing products with major volatile profiles within the maximum limits established by the regulation for this beverage to be obtained.

Biaxial Extrusion of Polyimide Larc—tpi and Larc—tpi Blends

1989 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ross Haghighat ◽  
Lucy Elandjian ◽  
Richard H. Lusignea
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Crystal Polymer ◽  
Extruded Films ◽  
Processing Step ◽  
New Process ◽  
Solution Cast ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTBiaxial films of polyimide LARC—TPI and LARC—TPI/liquid crystal polymer Xydar® were extruded directly from the melt for the first time via an innovative new extrusion technique. Three types of films, neat LARC—TPI, LARC—TPI/lO wt percent and 30 wt percent blends were processed as a part of this NASA funded program. This new process offers an alternative technique to costly post—processing stretching of both solution cast and sheet extruded films. The post—processing step is often required to enhance certain properties. Processability was greatly enhanced by incorporating Xydar. The coefficient of thermal expansion was reduced from 34 ppm/ºC for the neat LARC—TPI to 15 ppm/º C for the 10 wt percent Xydar blend and ultimately down to I to 3 ppm/º C for the 30 wt percent blend films in the direction of extrusion. The maximum improvementin stiffness was realized by incorporating 10 wt percent Xydar (2.8 GPa up to 4.9 GPa). Tensile strength, however, experienced a drop as a result of Xydar addition, probably caused by inefficient mixing of the two phases.

DIFFERENT MORPHOLOGIES OFTiO2NANOSTRUCTURES IN ACIDIC AND BASIC SOL–GEL METHOD

NANO ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 05 (05) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. IMANIEH ◽  
Y. VAHIDSHAD ◽  
P. NOURPOUR ◽  
S. SHAKESI ◽  
K. SHABANI
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
New Process ◽  
Nanocrystalline Titanium ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide ◽  
First Time

In this research, nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles were prepared by a modified alkoxide technique under basic and acidic conditions at room temperatures. A simple method for preparing different morphology of TiO2has been developed. The reaction condition was used to control the crystalline size, phase and morphology of the TiO2nanostructures. In this process by adjusting the Rw(water to precursor ratio) and pH value the hydrolysis and condensation reactions were controlled. This led to the development of a new process to produce TiO2nanorod (for the first time by sol–gel method) at high pH value (basic) while the water content was sufficient whereas at low pH value (acidic) nanosphere TiO2were obtained. The powders were characterized by DTA, XRD, FE-SEM and UV–vis techniques and their physical properties were compared.

scholarly journals Taxonomic diversity and toxicological assessment of Cyanobacteria in Moroccan inland waters

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mountasser Douma ◽  
Mohammed Loudiki ◽  
Brahim Oudra ◽  
Khadija Mouhri ◽  
Youness Ouahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Structural Variants ◽  
Toxicological Assessment ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Toxic Bloom ◽  
First Time

AbstractResearch on the ecology, biodiversity and toxicology of cyanobacteria in Moroccan inland waters has been carried out since 1994. The results demonstrate the existence of several taxa of cyanobacteria. Most of them are toxic, bloom‑forming species present in various water bodies of the country. The present study follows upon this earlier work and spans the 2003-2006 period. The major aim was to update and supplement the existing national cyanobacteria inventory and to isolate new toxic strains. During the study period, more than 40 aquatic environments were visited and sampled.Almost 300 taxa of cyanobacteria were recorded. They belonged to 3 orders, 14 families and 46 genera. Among these, about 78 taxa are recorded for the first time in Morocco; 29 strains of cyanobacteria were successfully isolated and cultured in the laboratory. All the collected cyanobacteria, including natural blooms, mats, and cultured strains, were analyzed for toxicity and hepatotoxins (microcystins) were quantified. Using the High-performance liquid chromatography technique coupled to photodiode array (PDA) detector (HPLC-PDA), four samples ofMicrocystisblooms showed the presence of microcystins (MCs), with a concentration ranging between 1.87 and 64.4 µg•g‑1MC‑LR eq (microcystin-LR equivalents). A total of five different structural variants of MCs were detected (MC-LR, -RR, -YR, -FR, -WR). Furthermore, 3 of 29 isolates were confirmed as MCs producing strains.The results show that the widening of the survey led to a better knowledge of the diversity of cyanobacteria. The taxonomic inventory was greatly increased and several cyanobacteria strains were characterized for their toxicity. The results should be useful as a database for the identification of various aquatic environments contaminated by cyanobacterial toxins (microcystins), which represent a potent sanitary risk for human and animals.

Sintering of Powders From Fiberglass Recycling

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Quadrini
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
State Diffusion ◽  
New Process ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High ◽  
Typical Process

Sintering is a typical process for metal powders which can be effectively agglomerated by a solid state diffusion mechanism. Polymer powders are less sensible to this kind of mechanism because of the lower molecular mobility. Anyway, such applications have been mentioned about sintering of thermoplastic powders in the scientific literature. In this study, sintering has been used for the first time to agglomerate thermoset powders coming from recycling of fiberglass. This way, two interesting results have been obtained. First of all, new products have been produced by recycling fiberglass without any addition of virgin resin or linking agent. Moreover, it has been shown that sintering can lead to very high thickness products which are very difficult to obtain by typical molding processes because of shrinkage or frozen stresses. In order to show the feasibility of this new process, some powders have been collected from the waste of industrial partners. These powders have been molded without the addition of any other material so as to produce small plates or thick bricks. In such cases, a polyester coating was also added to improve the surface quality of the brick. Several samples have been extracted from these products and tested to evaluate the mechanical performances of the recycled plates. Results are very promising in terms of process easiness and part properties. A density about 1 g/cm3 has been obtained with a flexural modulus about 1 GPa and a flexural strength up to 20 MPa.

scholarly journals Fish fauna of Bakırçay Stream (North Eagean, Turkey)

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-312
Author(s):  
Ali İlhan ◽  
Hasan Musa Sarı ◽  
Irmak Kurtul
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Gambusia Holbrooki ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Exotic Fish ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Salaria Pavo ◽  
First Time

This study was carried out to determine the current fish fauna of Bakırçay River in seasonal periods between 2017 and 2018. Sampling was carried out in 15 different locations, 11 lotic and 4 lentic location from the small streams of source of the river to the downstream region. The sampling was performed with “Samus 725 G” model electroshock in lotic habitats; with standard fishing-nets which was “TS EN 14757 Water Quality” in lentic habitats. As a result of the study, the presence of 17 taxa from 7 families including Anguillidae, Atherinidae, Cobitidae, Cyprinidae, Nemacheilidae, Poecilidae and Gobiidae were determined. Mugilidae family members and Salaria pavo species, which were previously reported within the stream, were not obtained in our study. However, the presence of 6 species, namely Atherina boyeri, Cyprinus carpio, Carassius gibelio, Oxynemacheilus teophili, Gambusia holbrooki and Knipowitschia caucasica species were found in this study for the first time. Cyprinidae family with 11 taxa was the biggest family in terms of species diversity in the river basin. Anguillidae, Atherinidae, Cobitidae, Nemacheilidae, Poecilidae and Gobiidae families are represented by one taxon. In order to protect the river's biodiversity and to maintain fishing activities effectively, the pollution sources should be overcomed firstly. In order to protect the biodiversity of the river and to maintain fishing activities effectively, first of all, pollution sources and exotic fish species that may have negative effects on the natural fish fauna of the basin should be bring under control. In addition, it will also be useful to organize events to inform local governments and community about the importance and protection of aquatic environments.

Development of a Standard for Fusion Needs: Example of Introduction of Eurofer in RCC-MRx

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Muñoz Garcia ◽  
C. Pétesch ◽  
T. Lebarbé ◽  
P. Lamagnère ◽  
Y. Lejeail
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Research Reactor ◽  
Fusion Reactors ◽  
Vacuum Vessel ◽  
Material Data ◽  
New Process ◽  
French And English ◽  
New Material ◽  
Set Up ◽  
First Time

The 2018 edition of the RCC-MRx Code [1] will be issued by the end of the 2018, in French and English versions by AFCEN (Association Française pour les règles de Conception et de Construction des Matériels des Chaudières Electro-nucléaires). This Code set up design and construction rules of research reactor components (coming from the RCC-MX 2008 code developed within the context of the Jules Horowitz Reactor project), and to components operating at high temperature and to the Vacuum Vessel of ITER (coming from the RCC-MR 2007). The extension of the scope of the code to innovative systems such as fusion reactors leads to revisit the background of the code to define the requirements to introduce a new process or a new material. The developed methodology has been applied to the introduction of the Fe–9%Cr–1%W–TaV steel (Eurofer), today in the Probationary Phase Rules of RCC-MRx. It was the first time to introduce a “new” material into the code, new in the sense of non-existing in any current standardization. This process, still in progress, highlights the need to have a minimum of information on the expectation of the code regarding the material data. This paper describes the different steps of the introduction of the Eurofer in the RCC-MRx code as well as the tools developed to facilitate the process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document