Comparison of Glycomacropeptide with Phenylalanine Free-Synthetic Amino Acids in Test Meals to PKU Patients: No Significant Differences in Biomarkers, Including Plasma Phe Levels

Introduction. Management of phenylketonuria (PKU) is achieved through low-phenylalanine (Phe) diet, supplemented with low-protein food and mixture of free-synthetic (FS) amino acid (AA). Casein glycomacropeptide (CGMP) is a natural peptide released in whey during cheese-making and does not contain Phe. Lacprodan® CGMP-20 used in this study contained a small amount of Phe due to minor presence of other proteins/peptides.Objective. The purpose of this study was to compare absorption of CGMP-20 to FSAA with the aim of evaluating short-term effects on plasma AAs as well as biomarkers related to food intake.Methods. This study included 8 patients, who had four visits and tested four drink mixtures (DM1–4), consisting of CGMP, FSAA, or a combination. Plasma blood samples were collected at baseline, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes (min) after the meal. AA profiles and ghrelin were determined 6 times, while surrogate biomarkers were determined at baseline and 240 min. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for evaluation of taste and satiety.Results. The surrogate biomarker concentrations and VAS scores for satiety and taste were nonsignificant between the four DMs, and there were only few significant results for AA profiles (not Phe).Conclusion. CGMP and FSAA had the overall same nonsignificant short-term effect on biomarkers, including Phe. This combination of FSAA and CGMP is a suitable supplement for PKU patients.

Download Full-text

Broilers fed a low protein diet supplemented with synthetic amino acids maintained growth performance and retained intestinal integrity while reducing nitrogen excretion when raised under poor sanitary conditions

Poultry Science ◽

10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (2) ◽

pp. 949-958 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shemil P. Macelline ◽

Samiru S. Wickramasuriya ◽

Hyun Min Cho ◽

Eunjoo Kim ◽

Taeg Kyun Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Nitrogen Excretion ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Intestinal Integrity ◽

Low Protein ◽

Synthetic Amino Acids ◽

Sanitary Conditions

Download Full-text

The response of weaner pigs to a choice of foods differing in protein content

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100037491 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 227-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

M. M. V. Bradford ◽

R. M. Gous

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Protein Content ◽

Live Weight ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Sole Source ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Protein Food ◽

Low Protein ◽

Dietary Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid Contents

AbstractTwo experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that young growing pigs between 7 and 25 kg live weight are capable of selecting a diet which closely matches their changing requirement for amino acids, when offered a choke between two balanced foods differing only in their protein content. In the first experiment, three single-food treatments (8·6,11·7 and 17·4 g lysine per kg food) and one choice-feeding treatment (8·6 v. 17·4 g lysine per kg food), were used. In the second experiment, three foods of similar nutrient composition (approx. 14·7 g lysine per kg food) were formulated using different ingredients (fish meal, soya-bean oilcake meal and a combination of sunflower-, cottonseed- and groundnut-oilcake meals). These were fed either alone or as a choice with each other or with a low protein food (8·3 g lysine per kg food) to test whether palatability or anti-nutritional factors would override the selection based on protein alone. In both experiments, 10 pigs were housed per pen, with males and females being penned separately. One food bin with a central partition was supplied per pen, and an initial 6-day training period was used, in which pigs experienced each of the two foods on offer, separately, at daily intervals. All pigs were weighed weekly, as was the amount of food consumed in each pen. The conclusions reached were that growing pigs are able to differentiate successfully between two foods on the basis of their amino acid contents, and of changing the selected diet to match their changing requirement for dietary amino acids. However, one of the foods on offer appeared to contain either anti-nutritive factors or unpalatable components, and whereas the piglets performed as well on this as on the other foods of similar nutrient content when these foods were offered as the sole source of food, they actively selected against this food when it was offered as a choice, even if this meant their growing at a significantly slower rate than that of which they were capable.

Download Full-text

Potential reduction of greenhouse gas emission from swine manure by using a low-protein diet supplemented with synthetic amino acids

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.04.079 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 166-167 ◽

pp. 562-574 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Takashi Osada ◽

Ryozo Takada ◽

Izuru Shinzato

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Gas Emission ◽

Potential Reduction ◽

Low Protein ◽

Synthetic Amino Acids

Download Full-text

Reduction potential of greenhouse gas emission from swine wastewater purification treatment by using a low-protein diet supplemented with synthetic amino acids

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho ◽

10.2508/chikusan.87.373 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 373-380

Author(s):

Ryu SUTO ◽

Takashi OSADA ◽

Akifumi OGINO ◽

Tsutomu HANARI

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Reduction Potential ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Swine Wastewater ◽

Gas Emission ◽

Wastewater Purification ◽

Low Protein ◽

Synthetic Amino Acids

Download Full-text

Effect of Supplementing Synthetic Amino Acids in Low-protein Diet and Subsequent Re-feeding on Growth Performance, Serum Lipid Profile and Chemical Body Composition of Broiler Chickens

The Journal of Poultry Science ◽

10.2141/jpsa.0140102 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 127-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rattana Nukreaw ◽

Chaiyapoom Bunchasak

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Body Composition ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Serum Lipid Profile ◽

Low Protein ◽

Synthetic Amino Acids

Download Full-text

141 Effect of Low Protein Diets with or without Supplemented Synthetic Amino Acids on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs.

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/sky073.139 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (suppl_2) ◽

pp. 75-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Spring ◽

C Shili ◽

A Pezeshki

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Nursery Pigs ◽

Low Protein ◽

Synthetic Amino Acids ◽

Protein Diets

Download Full-text

A Novel Physical Therapy Method of Treating Myofascial Pain Due to Muscle Spasm and Shortening

Folia Medica ◽

10.2478/folmed-2013-0016 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 43-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Assen R. Aleksiev

Keyword(s):

Physical Therapy ◽

Visual Analogue Scale ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Myofascial Pain ◽

Muscle Spasm ◽

Term Effect ◽

Short Term ◽

Muscle Imbalance ◽

Before And After ◽

The One

ABSTRACT AIM: Evaluation of the effect of a novel physical therapy method - post-isometric relaxation taping (PIR-taping) - compared with the effect of a conventional postisometric relaxation (PIR) in the treatment of outpatients with myofascial pain as a result of muscle spasm and shortening of static muscles, resulting in muscle imbalance. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study recruited 320 outpatients with myofascial pain due to muscle spasm and shortening, resulting in muscle imbalance in one of 8 kinetic segments. We treated randomly 8 groups of 20 patients by PIR and 8 matched groups by PIR-taping. The treatment consisted of one procedure daily (PIR or PIR-taping) with duration of 10 minutes for 10 working days. The pain was assessed by a visual analogue scale before and after each procedure. RESULTS: The pain decreased significantly after the treatment course in each group (p < 0.05), but no difference was found between any pair of groups (p > 0.05). The pain before the next PIR procedure tended to increase in comparison with the pain after a previous one, unlike the pain in PIR-taping treatment which tended to decrease. Pain intensity after PIR procedure decreased significantly compared with the pain after a previous one (p < 0.05), while in PIR-taping - after two previous procedures (p < 0.05). Treatment with PIR increased pain significantly during the weekends (p < 0.05), while in treatment with PIR-taping the pain decreased insignificantly during the weekends (p > 0.05). The pain reduced significantly after PIR procedure (p < 0.05), as well as after PIR-taping procedure (p < 0.05). The pain after PIR procedure was significantly lower than that after PIR-taping procedure (p < 0.05), although the pain before PIR procedure was statistically equal with the one before PIR-taping procedure (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Despite the better short-term effect of PIR versus PIR-taping, there was no difference between the final results of both methods, due to the continuous (24-hour) effect of PIR-taping.

Download Full-text

The protein-saving action of synthetic lysine and methionine

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600050085 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 111-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. E. Evans

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Good Growth ◽

Low Protein ◽

Synthetic Amino Acids ◽

Bean Meal ◽

Soya Bean Meal ◽

Striking Effect

When synthetic amino acids are added to an allvegetable diet the amount of nitrogen eliminated in the urine is reduced and the nitrogen retained as tissue protein is correspondingly increased.The requirements of the weanling pig for essential amino acids have been critically examined, the work involving both growth trials and nitrogenbalance determinations in the metabolism crates.The addition of synthetic lysine and methionine to a low-protein vegetable diet had a striking effect on the thriftiness of the pigs. It is possible to secure almost as good growth and economy of food conversion on a cereal diet supplemented with as little as 6 % ex. soya-bean meal, when the amino acids are added in appropriate amounts, as is obtained on a similar diet containing sufficient white-fish meal to support maximum growth

Download Full-text

Short-term Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on Pain in Patients with Bone Metastasis: An Uncontrolled Pretest-Posttest Study

Siriraj Medical Journal ◽

10.33192/smj.2020.63 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 72 (6) ◽

pp. 470-475

Author(s):

Thipawan Bowornkitiwong ◽

Wanida Seevokom ◽

Pawinee Tawatchot ◽

Teeraporn Paisan ◽

Suganyapatch Sirichotpapa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Metastasis ◽

Multimodality Treatment ◽

Symptom Assessment ◽

Term Effect ◽

Assessment System ◽

Advanced Cancer Patients ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Effect ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Vas Scores

Objective: To evaluate the short-term effect of TENS on pain for patients with bone metastasis.Methods: An experimental descriptive study of 25 eligible advanced cancer patients with bone metastasis. Patients were enrolled in the study from June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019. Pain intensity measurements were recorded at baseline prior to TENS application, then after 30 minutes and 60 minutes of TENS while the device was switched on. TENS was applied prior to radiotherapy at the same time every day for 5 days. Pain score was evaluated with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Symptom assessment was measured by a Thai version of the Edmonton symptom assessment system (ESAS-Thai) on the first day prior to and five days after TENS application began. The paired t-test and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were used analysis.Results: Mean VAS scores decreased by 1.08 (-1.08; 95% CI; -1.66 to 0.50, p < 0.001) and 1.82 (-1.82; 95 CI; -2.40 to 1.24, p < 0.001) after 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, compared to the baseline. Lower VAS scores were also correlated to the number of TENS visits. Mean ESAS scores showed a statistically significant difference before and after TENS application (before: 4.32 (95% CI: 3.60–5.03); after: 3.08 (95% CI: 2.61–3.54), p = 0.004). During TENS application there was a reduction in VAS pain scores over time.Conclusion: TENS is non-invasive, inexpensive and safe. It may be a useful adjunct to the multimodality treatment of pain and may reduce the need for morphine.

Download Full-text