scholarly journals Genetic Variability of Agronomic Traits as Potential Indicators of Drought Tolerance in Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Langat ◽  
Omwoyo Ombori ◽  
Philip Leley ◽  
David Karanja ◽  
Richard Cheruiyot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
High Performing

Sixteen progeny lines of common beans obtained from single crosses made between two parents, GLP2 and KAT B1, were grown in randomized complete block design in a rainout shelter at the Agricultural and Mechanization Research Institute, Machakos, Kenya. The experiment was conducted to study inheritance of traits associated with drought stress adaptation and to establish if significant variation for those traits was existing in order to carry out selection for drought tolerance. The calculated mean values were used to estimate heritability, genetic advance, and correlation study for each trait. Water stress had a significant (p≤0.01) effect on the number of pods per plant, grains per plant, 100-seed weight, and yield per plant. The highest values for genotypic coefficient of variation (36.11%) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (36.70%) were recorded for pods plant-1 under stress condition. Highest broad-sense heritability estimates (96.54%, 94.97%, and 93.16%) coupled with high genetic advance as percent of the mean (22.32%, 34.97%, and 26.32%) were obtained for the number of pods plant−1, days to maturity, and yield plant−1, respectively, showing that selection of these traits together could lead to yield improvement under stressed conditions. Harvest index showed a significant and positive relationship with biomass aboveground (r=0.86) and the number of pods plant−1 (r=0.86) indicating the possibility of identifying high performing lines of common beans for drought stress environment for further studies on these traits.

scholarly journals 464 PB 321 IDENTIFICATION OF RAPD MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH QTLs CONTROLLING DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN PINTO BEANS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 497f-497
Author(s):  
Kristin Schneider ◽  
James D. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Arbitrary Primers ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Pinto Beans

Common beans, considered sensitive to moisture stress, are an important commodity in developing countries such as the Mexican Highlands where intermittent drought conditions are prevalent during the growing season. The selection and development of high performing cultivars under drought stress is confounded by the quantitative nature of drought tolerance. To employ indirect selection in earlier generations, RAPD markers were identified that associated with QTLs controlling performance under drought stress. RAPD markers are preferred for use in Phaseolus vulgaris, over RFLPs, because they generate polymorphisms between genetically related germplasm. 48% of 620 arbitrary primers screened against three parents of two F6 derived recombinant inbred pinto populations were polymorphic for one or more bands. These polymorphisms were screened against RILs in each population and associations were determined using one-way ANOVAs and Mapmaker. Yield data used for determination of associations was collected over five years in MI and Mexico where both stress and non stress treatments were applied.

Assessment of genetic variability for quantitative characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under post flood situation in sali

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Dalibha Pathak ◽  
Umesh Ch. Kalita
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle

Sixteen genotypes of rice (including one check) were evaluated on 18 quantitative traits during sali (August), 2018 in a randomized block design with three replications at Instruction cum Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to study the nature and magnitude of variability, heritability and genetic advance under delayed sown condition. The analysis of variance for 18 quantitative traits revealed the presence of significant differences for grain yield and its component characters. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was observed for chaffs per panicle followed by grains per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), spikelets per panicle, grain yield (kg/ha). A high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height (cm), spikelets per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), chaffs per panicle, grains per panicle, grain yield (g/hill), grain yield (kg/ha), biological yield (kg/ha), straw weight (kg/ha) and harvest index (%) indicating that selection might be effective for improvement of these characters under delayed sown condition with low input. From the findings of this investigation, one genotype viz., Gandhari emerged as the outstanding genotype which yielded 4170 kg/ha and could be directly used for cultivation in delayed sown situation with low inputs. Some other promising genotypes that yielded higher than the check Manoharsali under delayed sown condition were JR 29, JR 16, Basundhara and JR 60 and could be utilized as potential parental material in the hybridization programmes designed to develop suitable rice varieties for delayed sown situation.

scholarly journals miR2105 regulates ABA biosynthesis via OsbZIP86-OsNCED3 module to contribute to drought tolerance in rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Gao ◽  
Mingkang Li ◽  
Songguang Yang ◽  
Chunzhi Gao ◽  
Yan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Rice ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Transgenic Rice Plants ◽  
Aba Biosynthesis

AbstractInduced abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis plays an important role in plant tolerance to abiotic stresses, including drought, cold and salinity. However, regulation pathway of the ABA biosynthesis in response to stresses is unclear. Here, we identified a rice miRNA, osa-miR2105 (miR2105), which plays a crucial role in ABA biosynthesis under drought stress. Analysis of expression, transgenic rice and cleavage site showed that OsbZIP86 is a target gene of miR2105. Subcellular localization and luciferase activity assays showed that OsbZIP86 is a nuclear transcription factor. In vivo and in vitro analyses showed that OsbZIP86 directly binds to the promoter of OsNCED3, and interacts with OsSAPK10, resulting in enhanced-expression of OsNCED3. Transgenic rice plants with knock-down of miR2105 or overexpression of OsbZIP86 showed higher ABA content, more tolerance to drought, a lower rate of water loss, more stomatal closure than wild type rice ZH11 under drought stress. These rice plants showed no penalty with respect to agronomic traits under normal conditions. By contrast, transgenic rice plants with miR2105 overexpression, OsbZIP86 downregulation, or OsbZIP86 knockout displayed less tolerance to drought stress and other phenotypes. Collectively, our results show that a regulatory network of ‘miR2105-OsSAPK10/OsbZIP86-OsNCED3’ control ABA biosynthesis in response to drought stress.One-sentence summary‘miR2105-OsbZIP86-OsNCED3’ module plays crucial role in mediating ABA biosynthesis to contribute to drought tolerance with no penalty with respect to agronomic traits under normal conditions.

scholarly journals Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Interrelationships for Agronomic and Yield Traits of Sorghum B-Lines under Different Environments

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
A. M. M. Al-Naggar ◽  
R. M. Abd El-Salam ◽  
M. R. A. Hovny ◽  
Walaa Y. S. Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Strength Of Association ◽  
B Lines

Information on heritability and trait association in crops assist breeders to allocate resources necessary to effectively select for desired traits and to achieve maximum genetic gain with little time and resources. The objectives of this investigation were to determine the amount of genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and strength of association of yield related traits among sorghum lines under different environments in Egypt. Six environments with 25 sorghum B-lines were at two locations in Egypt (Giza and Shandaweel) in two years and two planting dates in one location (Giza). A randomized complete block design was used in each environment with three replications. Significant variation was observed among sorghum lines for all studied traits in all environments. Across environments, grain yield/plant (GYPP) showed positive and significant correlations with number of grains/plant (r = 0.71), days to flowering (r = 0.47), 1000-grain weight (r = 0.16) and plant height (PH) (r = 0.19). In general, the estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). Combined across the six environments, the highest PCV and GCV was shown by PH trait (95.14 and 43.57%) followed by GYPP (36.42 and 30.78%), respectively, indicating that selection for high values of these traits of sorghum would be effective. GYPP and PH traits showed high heritability associated with high genetic advance from selection, indicating that there are good opportunities to get success in improvement of these traits via selection procedures. Results concluded that PH is good selection criterion for GYPP and therefore selection for tall sorghum plants would increase grain yield.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for growth, yield and yield related traits in maize genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Roshesh Rai ◽  
Prakash Khanal ◽  
Prabin Chaudhary ◽  
Rabin Dhital
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Ear Height

Evaluation of the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of traits is an essential task in any plant improvement program. Twenty maize genotypes were replicated twice in a randomized complete block design on a research plot of Prithu Technical College, Deukhuri Dang of Nepal from June 2017 to September 2017 to determine genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for different agronomic traits. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in the traits tassel length, ear height, days to fifty percent tasseling, days to fifty percent silking, kernels’ rows ear-1, kernels row-1 and grain yield. The highest GCV (31.53%) and PCV (39.20%) were recorded on grain yield. Grain yield and ear height recorded high heritability along with high genetic advance as a percent of mean (GAM). Tassel length and kernels row-1 showed high heritability integrated with moderate GAM and moderate heritability integrated with moderate GAM respectively. Further, grain yield showed a significant and positive correlation with plant height, tassel length, ear height, cob length, cob diameter, kernels’ rows ear-1, and kernels row-1. Thus the selection of ear height, tassel length and kernels row-1 is suggested as they performed better in terms of both heritability and GAM than other traits and they also recorded a significant and positive correlation with yield.

scholarly journals Assessment of Juvenile Growth and Yield Relationship Among Dwarf Cashew Types in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
A. M. Dadzie ◽  
P. K. K. Adu-Gyamfi ◽  
A. Akpertey ◽  
A. Ofori ◽  
S. Y. Opoku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Juvenile Growth ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
The Relationship

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is an important tropical cash crop cultivated in Ghana. It provides livelihood for about 200,000 people and contributes 6.1% to Ghana’s gross domestic product (GDP). Four Brazilian dwarf accessions were introduced to improve nut yield. Objectives of this study were to (1) assess the agronomic performance of the accessions across two contrasting ecologies, (2) determine environmental influence on juvenile growth, (3) determine the relationship between early vegetative growth and yield and (4) explore heritability and genetic advance for the measured agronomic traits. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Results revealed significant (p < 0.05) environmental influence on growth and yield of cashew. Transitional savanna agro-ecology is more suitable for cashew growth and development. Crop year, location and crop year × location interactions also influenced most of the agronomic traits. Early growth characteristics alone were not enough to predict yield. Genotype B2 ranked highest yielding across the agro-ecologies. Moderate to high heritability and genetic advance estimates were observed for nut yield, plant height and girth, an indication of variability among accessions needed for cashew improvement in Ghana.

scholarly journals An anatomical screening of white jute accessions for fibre content

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Arju Miah ◽  
A.K.M. Shahadat Hossain ◽  
Nihar Ranjan Saha ◽  
Md. Younus Ali ◽  
Md. Jahangir Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Fibre Bundle ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Bark Thickness ◽  
Genotypic Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Better Than

The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of 24 advanced lines of white jute and four check varieties ( CVL-1, CC-45, BJRI Deshi Pat-7 & BJRI Deshi Pat-8) for screening out high yielding and better quality fibre through an anatomical approach at JAES, Manikganj. The experiment was conducted in randomly complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The cultivars revealed significant differences among them for all the characters with range of variability. The highest bark thickness (2.32 mm) was noticed by the accession C-5036 which performed significantly better than the two checks and lowest was recorded by C-5126 (1.07 mm). The variety BJRI Deshi Pat-8 observed significantly the highest number of pyramid (54.13) whereas the lowest was recorded by the varieties BJRI Deshi Pat-7 (28.23). The accession C-5117 showed significantly the highest number of layer (10.29) whereas the variety, BJRI Deshi Pat-7 showed significantly lowest number of layer (6.32). The accession C-2305(92.37) and C-12221 (91.19) significantly showed top two number of fibre bundle, however, the lowest number of fibre bundle was recorded by BJC-5105(42.79). The largest area of pyramid was observed by the accession C-5036 (46.85 sq. mm) whereas the lowest was showed by BJC-5105 (14.50 sq. mm). The differences between Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) and Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) were little for all the characters indicating these characters were less influenced by the environment. Heritability and genetic advance (GA) were high for number of pyramid, number of fibre, bundle and Area of pyramid (sq.mm). Three accessions(C-12221, C-2305, C-5036) are showed the best performance than other accession on our screening program. These accessions are included in cluster V among the five clusters which exhibit the highest performance in all parameter except number of pyramid and may be used in further hybridization of jute.

scholarly journals Drought tolerance test of various potential local rice genotypes in Aceh West-South Region at vegetative stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
Wira Hadianto ◽  
Dewi Junita ◽  
Yuliatul Muslimah ◽  
Nana Ariska ◽  
Sumeinika Fitria Lizmah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Abstract Aceh has a lot of local rice genotypes that locally cultivated in West- South Region Aceh. The potential of local rice as a source of genes have not been evaluated and identified of drought tolerance. Abiotic stresses such as drought are serious things that affected plant productivity. This study aimed to determine the drought tolerance of several potential local rice genotypes in South-West Region Aceh as parents (P1) in order to become the basic population in creating the new high yielding varieties that were resistant to drought. This study was carried out in Randomized Block Design (RDB) with 3 replications. The observed variables were: Plant height and Number of tiller per clumps at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after planting, root length, number of roots, wet and dry weight of roots at days 40 after planting. The study found that the treatment of drought stress significantly affect the plant height and number of tillers, best result was found at rangan lango genotype. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are 3 genotypes of local West-South Aceh region that are potentially resistant to drought stress in the vegetative Stage, namely the Lango genotype, Arias genotype and Pade Manggeng genotype.

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundnut Elite Lines under Drought Conditions and Selection of Tolerance Associated Traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Achirou Bacharou Falke ◽  
Falalou Hamidou ◽  
Oumarou Halilou ◽  
Abdou Harou
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Year Effect ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Selection Of

Investigation of groundnut genotypes response to drought stress could contribute to improving drought tolerance and productivity. The objective of this study was to investigate new improved groundnut varieties response to drought stress under controlled conditions to identify tolerant materials and drought tolerance related traits. Thus, three experiments were conducted during off-seasons: two experiments in lysimetric system in 2017 and 2018 and one experiment in pots in 2017, to assess twelve varieties in a randomized complete block design with 2 water regimes and 4 replications. The water regimes were a full irrigation (WW) and an intermittent drought imposed at flowering times (WS). The investigated morphophysiological traits like transpiration, specific leaf area, root dry matter, root length density, and yield components decreased under WS. Significant year effect and genotypic variation were observed on most of investigated traits. Genotypes ICGV 92206 and ICGV 06319 showed low transpiration and revealed high pod yielding and early maturing genotypes under both water regimes, while genotypes ICGV 92035, ICGV 92195, ICGV 02038, ICGV 07211, and ICGV 07210 were drought-sensitive for pods production but produced high haulm under both water regimes. ICGV 92206, ICGV 02005, ICGV 02125, and ICGV 06319 showed higher yielding than 55-437 and Fleur 11. In this study, low total transpiration to control water loss, chlorophyll content, and root length density revealed drought tolerance associated traits for pod production, while TTW, TE, RDW, and RV revealed drought tolerance associated traits for fodder production.

Identification of early maturing high yielding mutants in black gram [Vigna Mungo (L.) Hepper]

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Dadarwal ◽  
V. L. Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
High Coefficient ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Breeding And Genetics

The study was carried out with the effect of EMS, DMS and their post treatment with respective modifiers IAA and GA on different traits in black gram variety Barkha. The experiment was carried out in compact family block design during <italic>Kharif</italic>, 2005 at Experimental field of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur. EMS 0.4 + 3 x 10<sup>−3</sup> M IAA induced early maturity with higher yield and yield contributing traits. High coefficient of variation and range was observed for all the treatments. On the basis of yield parameters there were eight progenies identified which were high yielder with most of the yield contributing traits and eighteen progenies were earlier in maturity than control. Variability parameters <italic>viz</italic>., GCV, PCV, Heritability and Genetic advance were calculated for all the families. Family EMS 0.4 per cent and DMS 0.04 per cent with modifiers exhibited high values for variability parameters for yield and yield contributing traits.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document