Postpartum Weight Retention and Cardiometabolic Risk among Saudi Women: A Follow-Up Study of RAHMA Subcohort

Objectives. This papers aims to investigate the association between different levels of postpartum weight retention (PPWR) and cardiometabolic risk among the Saudi women 12 months postpartum. Methods. This study is a follow-up of subgroup of cohort from Riyadh mother and baby multicenter cohort study. Clinical data were collected from participants 12 months after delivery and included current Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, and blood pressure. In addition the following blood tests done were fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and lipids profile to assess the participants’ cardiometabolic risks. The participants were categorized into three groups based on the level of PPWR: weight retention < 3kg; weight retention 3 to < 7kg; and weight retention ≥ 7kg. Subsequently, the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors was compared in the three groups to assess the association between different levels of PPWR and cardiometabolic risk factors. Logistic regression was used to test the effect of PPWR in the development of metabolic syndrome and Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) was calculated. Results. A total of 115 women participated in this study. Around 35% of the study population retained ≥ 7 kg of weight. The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors, including metabolic syndrome (MetS), increases with the increase of PPWR (p<0.01). The prevalence of MetS is 13% with highest frequency in the group with the highest weight retention. The determinants developing MetS were prepregnancy weight; AOR (95% CI); 1.08 (1.02-1.14), P< 0.01, current BMI, AOR (95% CI); 1.30 (1.12-1.51), P< 0.01, and FBG during pregnancy, AOR (95% CI); and 4.82 (1.72-13.48), P < 0.01. Conclusion. Increased weight retention after delivery augments the rate of occurrence of cardiometabolic risk factors. Determinants of the development of MetS in postpartum Saudi women are increased prepregnancy weight, current BMI, and FBG during pregnancy.

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Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors among Saudi Women with vitamin D deficiency

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.49.ep292 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Kadi Hanan Al ◽

Eman Alissa

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Saudi Women

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PUTRA-Adol study: protocol for an observational follow-up study to assess the tracking of dietary patterns linked to cardiometabolic risk factors and its prospective relationship with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, carotid intima-medial thickness and mental well-being during adolescence in Malaysia

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044747 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e044747

Author(s):

Geeta Appannah ◽

Nor Aishah Emi ◽

Mugambikai Magendiran ◽

Zalilah Mohd Shariff ◽

Azriyanti Anuar Zaini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Well Being ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Carotid Intima Medial Thickness ◽

Mental Well Being

IntroductionGrowing evidence suggesting that dietary intakes of adolescents are generally of poor quality but not adequately assessed in relation to the early manifestation of non-communicable diseases. This study aimed; (1) to examine tracking of an empirical dietary pattern (DP) linked to cardiometabolic risk factors and, (2) to assess prospective relationships between a DP characterised by high intakes of dietary energy density (DED) and added sugar, and cardiometabolic risk factors, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), carotid intima-medial thickness (CIMT) and mental well-being during adolescence.Methods and analysisThe PUTRA-Adol is a prospective follow-up study that builds up from 933 Malaysian adolescents who were initially recruited from three southern states in Peninsular Malaysia in 2016 (aged 13 years then). Two sessions are planned; the first session will involve the collection of socio-economy, physical activity, dietary intakes, mental well-being, body image, risk taking behaviour, sun exposure, family functioning and menstrual (in women) information. The second session of data collection will be focused on direct assessments such as venesection for blood biochemistry, anthropometry and ultrasonography imaging of liver and bilateral carotid arteries. Z-scores for an empirical DP will be identified at 16 years using reduced rank regression. Multilevel modelling will be conducted to assess the tracking of DP and prospective analysis between the DP, cardiometabolic health, NAFLD, CIMT and mental well-being.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for the conduct of this follow-up study was obtained from the Universiti Putra Malaysia’s Ethics Committee for Research Involving Human Subjects (JKEUPM) (Reference number: JKEUPM-2019–267). The findings from this study will be disseminated in conferences and peer-reviewed journals.DiscussionThe findings gathered from this study will provide evidence on prospective relationships between DPs, cardiometabolic risk factors, NAFLD, early atherosclerosis and mental well-being and that it may be mediated particularly DED and added sugar during adolescence.

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Replication study reveals miR-483-5p as an important target in prevention of cardiometabolic disease

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12872-021-01964-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Widet Gallo ◽

Filip Ottosson ◽

Cecilia Kennbäck ◽

Amra Jujic ◽

Jonathan Lou S. Esguerra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Control Sample ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Cardiometabolic Disease ◽

Micro Rnas

Abstract Background Alterations in levels of circulating micro-RNAs might reflect within organ signaling or subclinical tissue injury that is linked to risk of diabetes and cardiovascular risk. We previously found that serum levels of miR-483-5p is correlated with cardiometabolic risk factors and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in a case–control sample from the populations-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study Cardiovascular Cohort (MDC-CC). We here aimed at replicating these findings and to test for association with carotid atherosclerosis. Methods We measured miR-483-5p in fasting serum of 1223 healthy subjects from the baseline examination of the population-based, prospective cohort study Malmö Offspring Study (MOS) and correlated miR-483-5p to cardiometabolic risk factors and to incidence of diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease (CAD) during 3.7 (± 1.3) years of follow-up using logistic regression. In both MOS and MDC-CC we related mir-483-5p to carotid atherosclerosis measured with ultrasound. Results In cross-sectional analysis miR-483-5p was correlated with BMI, waist circumference, HDL, and sex. After adjustment for age and sex, the association remained significant for all risk factors except for HDL. Logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between miR-483-5p and new-onset diabetes (OR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.06–3.56, p = 0.032) and cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.06–3.75, p = 0.033) during 3.7 (± 1.3) years of follow-up. Furthermore, miR-483-5p was significantly related with maximum intima-media thickness of the carotid bulb in MDC-CC (p = 0.001), but not in MOS, whereas it was associated with increasing number of plaques in MOS (p = 0.007). Conclusion miR-483-5p is related to an unfavorable cardiometabolic risk factor profile and predicts diabetes and CAD, possibly through an effect on atherosclerosis. Our results encourage further studies of possible underlying mechanisms and means of modifying miR-483-5p as a possible interventional target in prevention of cardiometabolic disease.

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Association of Full Breastfeeding Duration with Postpartum Weight Retention in a Cohort of Predominantly Breastfeeding Women

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11040938 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 938 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muna J. Tahir ◽

Jacob L. Haapala ◽

Laurie P. Foster ◽

Katy M. Duncan ◽

April M. Teague ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breastfeeding Duration ◽

Postpartum Weight Retention ◽

Weight Retention ◽

Maternal Weight ◽

Linear Mixed Effects ◽

Prepregnancy Weight ◽

Adjusted Means ◽

Postpartum Weight ◽

Healthy Growth ◽

Pregnancy Weight

Full breastfeeding (FBF) is promoted as effective for losing pregnancy weight during the postpartum period. This study evaluated whether longer FBF is associated with lower maternal postpartum weight retention (PPWR) as compared to a shorter FBF duration. The MILK (Mothers and Infants Linked for Healthy Growth) study is an ongoing prospective cohort of 370 mother–infant dyads, all of whom fully breastfed their infants for at least 1 month. Breastfeeding status was subsequently self-reported by mothers at 3 and 6 months postpartum. Maternal PPWR was calculated as maternal weight measured at 1, 3, and 6 months postpartum minus maternal prepregnancy weight. Using linear mixed effects models, by 6 months postpartum, adjusted means ± standard errors for weight retention among mothers who fully breastfed for 1–3 (3.40 ± 1.16 kg), 3–6 (1.41 ± 0.69 kg), and ≥6 months (0.97 ± 0.32 kg) were estimated. Compared to mothers who reported FBF for 1–3 months, those who reported FBF for 3–6 months and ≥6 months both had lower PPWR over the period from 1 to 6 months postpartum (p = 0.04 and p < 0.01, respectively). However, PPWR from 3 to 6 months was not significantly different among those who reported FBF for 3–6 versus ≥6 months (p > 0.05). Interventions to promote FBF past 3 months may increase the likelihood of postpartum return to prepregnancy weight.

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Effect of a high-egg diet on cardiometabolic risk factors in people with type 2 diabetes: the Diabetes and Egg (DIABEGG) Study—randomized weight-loss and follow-up phase

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqy048 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 107 (6) ◽

pp. 921-931 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Nicholas R Fuller ◽

Amanda Sainsbury ◽

Ian D Caterson ◽

Gareth Denyer ◽

Mackenzie Fong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

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Postpartum weight retention among women in Rio de Janeiro: a follow-up study

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2003000700016 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 19 (suppl 1) ◽

pp. S149-S161 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Gilberto Kac ◽

Maria Helena D'Aquino Benicio ◽

Joaquim Gonçalves Valente ◽

Gustavo Velásquez-Meléndez

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Single Women ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Postpartum Weight Retention ◽

Weight Retention ◽

Variable Weight ◽

Postpartum Weight ◽

Pregnancy Weight

This study presents follow-up results on trends in postpartum weight retention among women in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, at 0.5, 2, 6, and 9 months postpartum. The outcome variable, weight retention, was calculated by subtracting the reported pre-pregnancy weight from the observed weight at each interview. Statistical analyses used means and a 95% confidence interval for weight retention. Mean weight retention was 4.7, 4.1, 3.4, and 3.1kg at 0.5, 2, 6 and 9 months postpartum, respectively. At completion of the study, the largest weight retention was observed in women over 30 years of age (4.2kg) and with 30% or more of body fat (5.9kg). The rate of reduction in weight retention was 0.4kg/month, 0.2kg/month, and 0.1kg/ month for the periods 0.5-2, 2-6, and 6-9 months, respectively. The largest reductions were observed among young, single women and those with < 30% of body fat at baseline. The results suggest that variables such as age, parity, schooling, and body fat may be important predictors of postpartum weight retention.

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