scholarly journals Body Mass Index Change as a Predictor of Biometric Changes following an Intensive Lifestyle Modification Program

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Drozek ◽  
Alexandria DeFabio ◽  
Randi Amstadt ◽  
Godwin Y. Dogbey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Lifestyle Modification Program

The initial benefits of lifestyle modification programs such as reduction in chronic and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors have been well documented. However, such positive effects may deteriorate over time following relapse into inactivity. Timely detection of weight regain leading to the deterioration of the accrued benefits could trigger early resumption of intensive lifestyle intervention. To date, no known cost-effective, noninvasive approach for monitoring long-term outcomes has yet been established. The purpose of this study was to determine if body mass index (BMI) change predicted changes in other CVD biometric markers during an intensive lifestyle modification program. This study was an observational, retrospective review of records of participants from the Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP). Biomarker changes of participants in this community-based Intensive Therapeutic Lifestyle Modification Program (ITLMP) offered in Athens, Ohio, a rural Appalachian college town, between April 2011 and June 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. BMI, heart rate (Pulse), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and fasting blood levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), and glucose (FBS) were monitored before and after program completion. Data were analyzed using a multivariate general linear model. The sample analyzed consisted of 620 participants (mean age of 52.3±13.0 years, 74.5% female). Controlling for age and gender, BMI change significantly predicted 5 out of the 8 biomarker changes measured [Wilk’s λ = 0.939, F(8,526) = 4.29, p <.0001]. Specifically, a 1-point BMI decrease was associated with 4.4 units decrease in TC, 3.2 units in LDL, 5.3 units in TG, 2 units in SBP, and 1 unit in DBP (all p values < .05). These results suggest that change in BMI may be a useful predictor of change in other CVD biomarkers’ outcomes during and after an ITLMP participation. Tracking BMI, therefore, could serve as a proxy measure for identifying regressing biomarker changes following participation in an ITLMP leading to a timelier reassessment and intervention. Future studies evaluating the value of BMI as a surrogate for highlighting overall cardiovascular health are warranted.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effectiveness of a Lifestyle Intervention Program for Reducing Selected Chronic Disease Risk Factors in Individuals Living in Rural Appalachia: A Pilot Cohort Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Drozek ◽  
Hans Diehl ◽  
Masato Nakazawa ◽  
Tom Kostohryz ◽  
Darren Morton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Improvement Program

Most Western chronic diseases are closely tied to lifestyle behaviors, and many are preventable. Despite the well-distributed knowledge of these detrimental behaviors, effective efforts in disease prevention have been lacking. Many of these chronic diseases are related to obesity and type 2 diabetes, which have doubled in incidence during the last 35 years. The Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) is a community-based, comprehensive lifestyle modification approach to health that has shown success in addressing this problem. This pilot study demonstrates the effectiveness of CHIP in an underserved, rural, and vulnerable Appalachian population. Two hundred fourteen participants in CHIP collectively demonstrated significant reductions in body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and fasting blood levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and glucose. If these results can be repeated in other at-risk populations, CHIP has the potential to help reduce the burden of preventable and treatable chronic diseases efficiently and cost-effectively.

Volunteers: An Effective Medium for Delivering Therapeutic Lifestyle Interventions

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110625
Author(s):  
Lillian M. Kent ◽  
Paul M. Rankin ◽  
Darren P. Morton ◽  
Rebekah M. Rankin ◽  
Roger L. Greenlaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
The United States ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile

Purpose Lifestyle modification programs have been shown to effectively treat chronic disease. The Coronary Health Improvement Program has been delivered by both paid professional and unpaid volunteer facilitators. This study compared participant outcomes of each mode in the United States. Design Pre-/post-analysis of CHIP interventions delivered between 1999 and 2012. Setting Professional-delivered programs in Rockford Illinois 1999-2004 and volunteer-delivered programs across North America 2005-2012. Subjects Adults ≥21 years (professional programs N = 3158 34.3% men, mean age = 54.0 ± 11.4 years; volunteer programs N = 7115 33.4% men, mean age = 57.4 ± 13.0 years). Measures Body mass index, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein), and fasting plasma glucose. Analysis Analysis of Covariance, with adjustment for age, gender, BMI change and baseline biometric and effect sizes. Results The professional-delivered programs achieved significantly greater reductions in BMI (.4%, P < .001) and HDL (1.9%, P < .001) and the volunteer-delivered programs achieved greater reductions in SBP (1.4%, P < .001), DBP (1.1%, P < .001), TC (1.4%, P = .004), LDL (2.3%, P < .001), TG (4.0%, P = .006), and FPG (2.7%, P < .001). However, the effect size differences between the groups were minimal (Cohen’s d .1-.2). Conclusions Lifestyle modification programs have been shown to effectively treat chronic disease. The Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) lifestyle intervention has been delivered by both paid professional and unpaid volunteer facilitators. This study compared selected chronic disease biometric outcomes of participants in each mode in the United States. It found volunteer-delivered programs do not appear to be any less effective than programs delivered by paid professionals, which is noteworthy as volunteers may provide important social capital in the combat of chronic disease.

Effectiveness of the Complete Health Improvement Program in a Geriatric Population

2021 ◽  
pp. 155982762110493
Author(s):  
Emily Scriven ◽  
Bhakti Chavan ◽  
David Drozek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Complete Health

The Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) is an intensive therapeutic lifestyle modification program (ITLMP) with well-documented success in decreasing risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Plant-based diets and physical activity are components of the program that contribute to these improvements. Yet, there are few studies on how ITLMPs affect risk factors specifically for the geriatric population. The goal of this study was to examine results of CHIP participants with a focus on the older (greater than 65 years) population in Athens, Ohio. Retrospective data from 2011 to 2017 were analyzed for 26 CHIP classes. Recorded variables included body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), blood glucose (BG), and exercise level. Among geriatric participants, significant changes were found in BMI, BP, TC, LDL, HDL, BG, and exercise level ( P < .001). As compared to the younger population, changes in variables were equivalent in the geriatric population in all variables ( P > .05). These improvements in CVD risk factors among the elderly support the hypothesis that CHIP should be considered for CVD prevention and treatment in the geriatric population.

Aerobic Capacity, Obesity, and Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Male Adolescents

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-818
Author(s):  
Raymond R. Fripp ◽  
James L. Hodgson ◽  
Peter O. Kwiterovich ◽  
John C. Werner ◽  
H. Gregg Schuler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Triglyceride ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherosclerotic Risk Factors

Correlations between aerobic capacity, obesity, and atherosclerotic risk factors were evaluated in adolescents with low-to-moderate levels of physical fitness. Subjects with higher levels of fitness had a more favorable risk profile with decreased body mass index, lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure and plasma triglyceride levels, and higher plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. Simple linear regression analysis revealed an association between body mass index and blood pressure, plasma triglyceride and plasma highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol. The level of aerobic fitness as determined by exercise duration was also associated with the same atherosclerotic risk factors. However, multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that body mass index provided the largest explanation, by those variables examined, of the interindividual variance in blood pressure, plasma triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Aerobic fitness contributed only minimally to the variation in these risk factors. These findings suggest that if aerobic conditioning is used to modify atherosclerotic risk factors, it should be accompanied by a reduction in weight in adolescents with low-to-moderate levels of physical fitness.

scholarly journals Metabolic risk factor profile in patients on treatment with second generation antipsychotics

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Tahmina Zahan ◽  
Nargis Akhter ◽  
Mohammad Sayadul Islam Mullick ◽  
Zasmin Fauzia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics

The second generation antipsychotic agents, although exhibit superior safety profile, is associated with metabolic adverse effects including weight gain, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia. These adverse effects are not only the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus but may also impair patient’s adherence to treatment. However, different member of second generation antipsychotics differ in their extent of metabolic adverse effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between olanzapine, risperidone or quetiapine treatment and body mass index, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia in patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder. Forty-four cases of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder diagnosed with DSM-IV criteria were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Body weight, body mass index and blood pressure were measured at baseline, at the end of 4th, 8th and 12th weeks of treatment. Blood samples were collected to measure blood glucose and serum lipid profile at baseline and at the end of 4th, 8th and 12th weeks in the study group receiving treatment (olanzapine 20-30 mg/day, risperidone 4-16 mg/day and quetiapine 300-800 mg/day) after overnight fasting. Therapeutic use of olanzapine and risperidone in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder for a period of 4th, 8th and 12th weeks was associated with significant increase in body weight and body mass index. Quetiapine did not cause significant changes in body weight and body mass index after 4 and 8 weeks. However, after 12 weeks treatment, body mass index increased significantly. Olanzapine, risperidone and quetiapine increased the blood glucose level significantly after 8 and 12 weeks treatment. Olanzapine and risperidone elevated the serum cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein levels significantly after 4, 8 and 12 weeks. But quetiapine showed no significant change in lipid profile. However, olanzapine and risperidone significantly increased triglyceride level after 8 and 12 weeks. Amongst three drugs, quetiapine treatment increased high density lipoprotein level. Our study revealed that quetiapine treatment is associated with less risk of dyslipidaemia.

scholarly journals Association between eating habits, body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angelo dos Santos DUARTE JUNIOR ◽  
Adroaldo Cezar Araujo GAYA ◽  
Vanilson Batista LEMES ◽  
Camila Felin FOCHESATTO ◽  
Caroline BRAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

ABSTRACT Objective To verify the multivariate relationships between eating habits, cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. Methods This is a cross-sectional study developed in a public elementary school with 60 first- to sixth-graders. Their eating habits were assessed using the Food Frequency Survey, weight, height, and cardiorespiratory fitness, assessed according to the Projeto Esporte Brasil protocol. Moreover, the variables, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, adiponectin, leptin, diastolic and systolic blood pressure were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis and generalized estimation equations were used for the analysis of direct and indirect relations, in a multivariate analysis model with several simultaneous outcomes. Results It appears that the eating habits and cardiorespiratory fitness explain 20% of the body mass index. Cardiometabolic risk factors are explained by the relationship between eating habits, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body mass index, according to the following percentages: 29% (systolic blood pressure), 18% (diastolic blood pressure), 63% (leptin), 4% (adiponectin), 14% (C-reactive protein), 17% (insulin), 10% (high-density lipoprotein), 1% (low-density lipoprotein), 4% (glucose). It is also observed that the effects of the eating habits on cardiometabolic risk factors are indirect, that is, they are dependent on changes in the body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Conclusions The relationship between eating habits and cardiometabolic risk factors in children is dependent on cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index. Thus, our findings suggest a multivariate relationship between these factors.

scholarly journals Associations of blood glucose levels with some diabetes risk factors (body mass index, blood pressure and total body fat) in inhabitants of Ho Municipality, Ghana: A cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21` (01) ◽  
pp. 17365-17378
Author(s):  
Nii Korley Kortei ◽  
◽  
A Koryo-Dabrah ◽  
SK Angmorterh ◽  
D Adedia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

One complex metabolic disorder that can unenviably affect the normal human physiology is diabetes mellitus(DM). It is indeed one of the commonest non-communicable diseases that has heightened to an epidemic level worldwide. For diseases like DM, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type II DM, and other chronic diseases, body mass index (BMI) is identified as a positive and independent risk factor associated with morbidity and mortality. The objective of the study was to determine the relationships between BMI,blood pressure, and total body fat among inhabitants of peri-urban Ho, Ghana. Across-sectional survey was carried out between May and June,2018,among 132 inhabitants of Ho to determine the prevalence and associations among DM risk factors.The participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Standardized international protocols were used to measure BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose, and total body fat. Out of 132 respondents, majority 96 (72.7%) were female and the most common age group was 54-60 (31.1%). From the BMI classifications, 65 (49.2%) people were of normal weight while 6 (4.5%) were underweight. Total body fat (%) and blood pressure, likewise total body fat and BMI recorded significant associations of values (0.299, p<0.001-systolic; 0.298, p=0.001-diastolic), and 0.585(p<0.001),respectively. On the contrary, there were insignificant associations found between blood glucose and diastolic blood pressure and also blood glucose and systolic blood pressure(0.100, p=0.253)and (0.057. p=0.514),respectively using the Spearman’s correlation analysis. Lastly,the test of association of socio-demographics and anthropometrics revealed there was a significant (p<0.001)correlation between total body fat and BMI using Pearson’s correlation analysis. BMI is closely related to total body fat and blood pressure;hence,education on lifestyle modification needs to be intensified to create awareness among the inhabitants of Ho municipality of Ghana.It is imperative to educate Ghanaians and beyond about the risk factor associations that predispose an individual to DM.

Role of Folate in the Modulation of Lipids, Lipoproteins and Eicosanoids in Hypertension and Diabetes

Pteridines ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Khurshed A. Katki ◽  
Gomathy Viswanathan ◽  
John M. Noronha
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Thromboxane B2 ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio

Summary Besides elevated levels of lipids and lipoproteins, ievels of the physiological amino acid homocysteine as well as whole blood folates are now known to play a role in atherogenesis. The role of folates in atherosclerosis is rather peculiar in that it helps to catalyse the remethylation of homocysteine (a proatherogenic agent) to methionine thus preventing the accumulation of homocysteine in plasma and hence its antiatherogenic role. We estimated whole blood folate levels of 69 normotensive, 34 diabetic and 94 hypertensive individuals and have attempted to correlate these values with lipid and non-lipid parameters. Whole blood levels of simple, conjugated and total folates were significantly higher among the diabetics as well as the hypertensives when compared to the normotensives. In all the study groups, levels of conjugated folates correlated significantly to those of total folates even after adjustments for age and body mass index were introduced. Among the normotensive individuals the significance of the inverse correlation between simple folates and total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio was lost after adjusting for age and body mass index. Levels of total and conjugated folates were positively correlated to plasma levels of thromboxane B2 among the diabetics. In the same group the positive correlation between total folates and thromboxane B2 and that between total folates and the eicosanoid ratio remained significant even after adjustments for age and body mass index were introduced. None of the other metabolic variables correlated with whole blood levels of simple folates in any of the study groups.

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