scholarly journals Fire Behavior of Continuous Assembled Monolithic Hollow-Ribbed Slabs

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
B. Li ◽  
X. Y. Ren ◽  
Y. Q. Lin ◽  
L. L. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Fire Environment ◽  
Temperature Deformations ◽  
Almost All

To further understand the fire behavior of assembled monolithic hollow-ribbed (AMH) slab floor, a fire test was performed on six small-scale continuous AMH slabs (two by three). In this paper, the special designed furnace and relevant experimental phenomena are briefly introduced. Detailed experimental results in the form of furnace temperatures, temperature distributions, vertical deflections, and failure criteria are presented. The test data indicate that almost all the AMH slabs showed upward displacements during the fire tests, which is very distinct with the isolated AMH slab under fire. As the edge girders transformed into the frame girders gradually, the edge girders would show displacement plateaus. The integrity of the AMH slab under elevated temperature should receive more critical role to serve as its failure criterion compared with the load bearing function. Except fire environment, boundary constraint conditions also have a considerable effect on the elevated temperature deformations of the structural elements. At last, several rational suggestions are provided to improve the fire resistance of the AMH slabs.

Unit-Wise Ranking of Inventory Control Techniques Used in Small Scale Cement Enterprises: A Small Scale Entrepreneurial Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipul Chalotra
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Control ◽  
Economic Order Quantity ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Order Quantity ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Material Requirement Planning ◽  
Material Requirement ◽  
Almost All

The present research divulges the different inventory control techniques used small scale cements enterprises operated by small scale entrepreneurs through the assistance of primary data collected from eight small scale cement enterprises operating in SIDCO & SICOP, under DIC (District Industries Center) in District Udhampur of Jammu & Kashmir State. The various inventory control techniques identified and quested for in the research were: Always Better Control (ABC), Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Material Requirement Planning (MRP), and Just-in-Time (JIT). The results of the ranking table quoted that Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) was awarded first rank by almost all the units representing overall mean score of 1.71, Always Better Control (ABC) was denoted by rank two repressing overall mean value as 2.00, Material Requirement Planning (MRP) was quoted rank three as depicted by its mean ranking (2.25), and Just-in-time (JIT) was accorded rank four (3.71) by almost all the small scale cements entrepreneurs/owners.

Small-scale plasticity of ultra-fine grained alloy and nanostructured nanocomposite: Ambient and elevated-temperature nanoindentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 807 ◽  
pp. 140873
Author(s):  
F. Khodabakhshi ◽  
A.P. Gerlich ◽  
D. Verma ◽  
M. Nosko ◽  
M. Haghshenas
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fine Grained

Revising the Assumption that Ḥadīṯ Studies Flourished in the 11th/17th-Century Ḥiǧāz: Ibrāhīm al-Kūrānī’s (d. 1101/1690) Contribution

Arabica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Naser Dumairieh
Keyword(s):  
General Framework ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
The Core ◽  
Revival Movement ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The Ḥiǧāz in the 11th/17th century has long been considered the center of a “revival” movement in ḥadīṯ studies. This assumption has spread widely among scholars of the 11th-/17th- and 12th-/18th-century Islamic world based on the fact that the isnāds of many major ḥadīṯ scholars from almost all parts of the Islamic world from the 11th/17th century onward return to a group of scholars in the Ḥiǧāz. The scholarly group that is assumed to have played a critical role in the flourishing of ḥadīṯ studies in the 11th/17th-century Ḥiǧāz is called the al-Ḥaramayn circle or network. However, to date, there have been no studies that investigate what was actually happening in that century concerning ḥadīṯ studies. Examining the actual ḥadīṯ studies of one of the scholars at the core of al-Ḥaramayn circle, i.e. Ibrāhīm b. Ḥasan al-Kūrānī, will unpack the main interest of Ḥiǧāzī scholars in ḥadīṯ literature, reveal previously unstudied aspects of ḥadīṯ studies in the 11th/17th-century Ḥiǧāz, correct some unexamined assumptions, and situate the ḥadīṯ efforts of scholars of the 11th/17th-century Ḥiǧāz within a general framework of developments within ḥadīṯ studies.

Impact of Ventilation on Fire Behavior in Legacy and Contemporary Residential Construction

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Kerber ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Homeland Security ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Homeland Security ◽  
Front Door ◽  
Fire Environment ◽  
Open Floor ◽  
The Impact

Under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Assistance to Firefighter Grant Program, Underwriters Laboratories examined fire service ventilation practices as well as the impact of changes in modern house geometries. There has been a steady change in the residential fire environment over the past several decades. These changes include larger homes, more open floor plans and volumes and increased synthetic fuel loads. This series of experiments examine this change in fire behavior and the impact on firefighter ventilation tactics. This fire research project developed the empirical data that is needed to quantify the fire behavior associated with these scenarios and result in immediately developing the necessary firefighting ventilation practices to reduce firefighter death and injury. Two houses were constructed in the large fire facility of Underwriters Laboratories in Northbrook, IL. The first of two houses constructed was a one-story, 1200 ft, 3 bedroom, 
bathroom house with 8 total rooms. The second house was a two-story 3200 ft, 4 bedroom, 2.5 bathroom house with 12 total rooms. The second house featured a modern open floor plan, two- story great room and open foyer. Fifteen experiments were conducted varying the ventilation locations and the number of ventilation openings. Ventilation scenarios included ventilating the front door only, opening the front door and a window near and remote from the seat of the fire, opening a window only and ventilating a higher opening in the two-story house. One scenario in each house was conducted in triplicate to examine repeatability. The results of these experiments provide knowledge for the fire service for them to examine their thought processes, standard operating procedures and training content. Several tactical considerations were developed utilizing the data from the experiments to provide specific examples of changes that can be adopted based on a departments current strategies and tactics.

Accuracy of Failure Criteria Commonly Used for Ship Collision Simulations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Villavicencio ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Kun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Impact Loads ◽  
Large Scatter ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ship Collision ◽  
Double Hull

The paper summarises observations of the fracture response of small-scale double hull specimens subjected to quasi-static impact loads by means of simulations of the respective experiments. The collision scenarios are used to evaluate the discretisation of the finite element models, and the energy-responses given by various failure criteria commonly selected for collision assessments. Nine double hull specimens are considered in the analysis so that to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the different failure criterion selected for the comparison. Since a large scatter is observed from the numerical results, a discussion on the reliability of finite element analysis is also provided based on the present study and other research works found in the literature.

scholarly journals E2F activity is regulated by cell cycle-dependent changes in subcellular localization.

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 7268-7282 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Verona ◽  
K Moberg ◽  
S Estes ◽  
M Starz ◽  
J P Vernon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Nuclear Localization ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Restriction Point ◽  
Cycle Dependent ◽  
Almost All

E2F directs the cell cycle-dependent expression of genes that induce or regulate the cell division process. In mammalian cells, this transcriptional activity arises from the combined properties of multiple E2F-DP heterodimers. In this study, we show that the transcriptional potential of individual E2F species is dependent upon their nuclear localization. This is a constitutive property of E2F-1, -2, and -3, whereas the nuclear localization of E2F-4 is dependent upon its association with other nuclear factors. We previously showed that E2F-4 accounts for the majority of endogenous E2F species. We now show that the subcellular localization of E2F-4 is regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner that results in the differential compartmentalization of the various E2F complexes. Consequently, in cycling cells, the majority of the p107-E2F, p130-E2F, and free E2F complexes remain in the cytoplasm. In contrast, almost all of the nuclear E2F activity is generated by pRB-E2F. This complex is present at high levels during G1 but disappears once the cells have passed the restriction point. Surprisingly, dissociation of this complex causes little increase in the levels of nuclear free E2F activity. This observation suggests that the repressive properties of the pRB-E2F complex play a critical role in establishing the temporal regulation of E2F-responsive genes. How the differential subcellular localization of pRB, p107, and p130 contributes to their different biological properties is also discussed.

scholarly journals XML (almost) all the way

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Support Group ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
It Support ◽  
Source Journal ◽  
Almost All

In 2006 my university academic IT support group was approached by an academic colleague wanting to start a new journal, which would be available in electronic form only. There were restrictions imposed by the technical capabilities of the pool of authors, the requirements of the discipline, and — unsurprisingly — the lack of financial resources. The decision was made to implement a system using only open source software, and building largely from scratch, as the existing open source journal publishing systems at the time, although comprehensive and well-established, were seen as far too large and complex for the task. This paper is a case study describing the process and explaining the background to the decisions made. It attempts to draw some conclusions about the technical viability of creating a small-scale publishing system which attempted to retain XML throughout the workflow, and about the human factors which influenced the decisions.

scholarly journals Rocky pine forests in the High Coast Region in Sweden: structure, dynamics and history

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 101-130
Author(s):  
Jennie Sandström ◽  
Mattias Edman ◽  
Bengt Gunnar Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Human Impact ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Natural Dynamics ◽  
Almost All ◽  
High Degree

Almost all forests in Sweden are managed and only a small fraction are considered natural. One exception is low productive forests where, due to their limited economical value, natural dynamics still dominate. One example is the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests occurring on rocky and nutrient-poor hilltops. Although these forests represent a regionally common forest type with a high degree of naturalness, their dynamics, structure and history are poorly known. We investigated the structure, human impact and fire history in eight rocky pine forests in the High Coast Area in eastern Sweden, initially identified as good representatives of this forest type. This was done by sampling and measuring tree sizes, -ages, fire-scarred trees, as well as dead wood volumes and quality along three transects at each site. The structure was diverse with a sparse layer of trees (basal area 9 m2 and 640 trees larger than 10 cm ha-1) in various sizes and ages; 13 trees ha-1 were more than 300 years old. Dead wood (DW), snags and logs in all stages of decay, was present and although the actual DW (pine) volume (4.4 m3 ha-1) and number of units (53 ha-1) was low, the DW share of total wood volume was 18% on average. Dead wood can be present for several centuries after death; we found examples of both snags and logs that had been dead more than 300 years. Frequent fires have occurred, with an average cycle of 40 years between fires. Most fires occurred between 1500-1900 and many of them (13) during the 1600s. However, fires were probably small since most fire years were only represented at one site and often only in one or a few samples. The rocky pine forests in the High Coast Area are representative of undisturbed forests with low human impact, exhibiting old-growth characteristics and are valuable habitats for organisms connected to sun-exposed DW. Management of protected rocky pine forests may well include small-scale restoration fires and the limited DW volumes should be protected.

scholarly journals Living Links Connecting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: Small-scale Farmers and Agricultural Biodiversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-110
Author(s):  
Susan H. Bragdon
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Biodiversity ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Explicit Mention ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Agenda 2030 adopted by the global community in September 2015 are applicable to all countries with the commitment “that no one is left behind.” As an agenda for “people, planet, prosperity, peace and partnership”, Agenda 2030 provides a vision for people and planet-centered, human rights-based, and gender-sensitive sustainable development. It promises “more peaceful and inclusive societies” which are free from fear and violence. Small scale farmers and agricultural biodiversity are critical to the achievement of aspects of most of the SDGs. In addition to being essential for the resilience and stability of agricultural production systems and our ability to adapt to climate change and other stressors; agricultural biodiversity is fundamental to the livelihoods, health and nutrition of billions Despite its importance to the health of both people and the planet, this broad understanding of what agricultural biological diversity is and the critical role played by its custodians, gets no explicit mention in the SDGs. In fact, awareness of this is low outside specialized institutions and agreements and explicit mention of both is rare in the context of sustainable development This paper uses the example of small-scale farmers and agricultural biodiversity to illustrate how they are the living links amongst the SDGs as well as being critical components in their achievement and to the vision of Agenda 2030.  

Recognizing Physical Activity of hospitalized Older People from Wearable Sensors Data using IoT

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Different Sources

The IoT is a new concept that provides a world where smart, connected, embedded systems operate, giving rise to the amount of data from different sources that are considered to have highly useful and valuable information. Data mining would play a critical role in creating smarter IoT. Traditional care of an elderly person is a difficult and complex task. The need to have a caregiver with the elderly person almost all the time drains the human and financial resources of the health care system. The emergence of Artificial intelligence has allowed the conception of technical assistance where it helps and reduces the time spent by the caregiver with the elderly person. This work aims to focus on analyzing techniques that are used for prediction purposes of falls in the elderly. We examine the applicability of three classification algorithms for IoT data. These algorithms are analyzed and a comparative study is undertaken to find the classifier that performs the best analysis on the dataset using a set of predefined performance metrics to compare the results of each classifier.

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