scholarly journals Effect of Aqueous Extract of Adansonia digitata Stem Bark on the Development of Hypertension in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rat Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fidèle Ntchapda ◽  
Christian Bonabe ◽  
Albert Donatien Atsamo ◽  
David Romain Kemeta Azambou ◽  
Yannick Bekono Fouda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Arterial Blood

Background. Adansonia digitata is a plant used against cardiovascular disorders in African folk medicine. We assessed the effects of the aqueous extract of its stem bark on the development of hypertension in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Methods. The animals were administered L-NAME once daily for 3 weeks (25 mg/kg, i.p.), concomitantly with aqueous extract of A. digitata stem bark (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) or captopril (20 mg/kg, p.o.). Then, hemodynamic and electrocardiographic parameters, oxidative stress markers, and the lipid profile were assessed in the blood and heart, aorta, and kidney homogenates, and histopathological analyses were performed. Results. L-NAME-induced hypertensive control animals, but not the animals concomitantly treated with A. digitata extract, displayed increases in the mean arterial blood pressure (21.64% difference, p<0.001, vs. dose 200 mg/kg), systolic arterial blood pressure (21.33%, p<0.001), and the diastolic arterial blood pressure (21.84%, p<0.001). In addition, hypertensive control animals displayed (i) increases in serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and creatinine levels, malondialdehyde and transaminase activities, and atherogenic index; (ii) decreases in serum HDL, catalase, reduced glutathione, and nitric oxide; and (iii) aorta wall thickening, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cell loss in the cardiac muscle and renal tissues. As captopril, the extract prevented hypertension-like changes in lipid profile, cardiac, hepatic, and renal affection indicators, and oxidative stress markers. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that the extract of A. digitata has antihypertensive and antioxidant effects in L-NAME-induced hypertension rat models. These effects partly justify the traditional medicine use against cardiovascular disorders.

scholarly journals The Effects of Vibroacoustically Induced Microvibrations on Arterial Blood Pressure and Oxidative Stress in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Dusko Kornjaca ◽  
Vladimir Zivkovic ◽  
Nevena Barudzic ◽  
Vladimir Jakovljevic ◽  
Dragan Djuric
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Systolic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Arterial Blood

ABSTRACT Vibroacoustics, a scientific field that has been intensively studied for the last thirty years, uses the properties of sound waves (infrasound, ultrasound, noise and music) to induce vibrations that, like a sound wave, may have both useful and harmful effects. Th e aim of this study was to examine the effects of vibroacoustically induced microvibrations on arterial blood pressure and markers of oxidative stress in the blood. Th e experiments were performed on Wistar male rats that had a 180-200 g body mass and were divided into control and experimental groups (6 rats in each). In the experimental group, microvibrations were induced using the Vitafon vibroacoustic apparatus (Vitafon, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation), which delivers sound waves of varying frequencies by a process called “phoning”. Up to 60 minutes of phoning time was delivered to the kidney and liver using 4 diff erent regimens that included a 5-minute stabilisation time; up to four 10-minute phoning regimens, with 5-minute breaks between each single regimen, at a 30 Hz-18000 kHz frequency range;, and 2.8 μm-12.3 μm microwave amplitudes. After the completion of a phoning regimen, animals were sacrificed and the oxidative stress markers were measured in blood samples (O2-, H2O2, nitrites, lipid peroxidation index, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione) and compared with the values of markers in the control group. Systolic arterial pressure was analysed after the acute application of up to four diff erent regimens of vibroacoustic microvibrations. Systolic arterial pressure decreased significantly during the administration of the second regimen in comparison to the control group. Systolic arterial pressure returned, almost completely, to the initial value after the administration of the third and fourth regimens. Th ere was no significant change in diastolic arterial pressure after the acute administration of up to four different regimens, although the pressure decreased slightly after the first and second regimens and returned to the initial value during the administration of the third and fourth regimens. Analysis of oxidative stress markers showed a statistically significant change in the catalase level. No statistically significant differences were found in the other oxidative stress markers analyzeanalysed. Further research is needed to clarify the physiological effects of low compared to high frequencies of vibroacoustically induced microvibrations and their possible therapeutic significance.

Abstract 1378: NFkb Blockade Attenuate Cytokines And Oxidative Stress In The Paraventricular Nucleus And Decreases Neurohumoral Excitation In Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nithya Mariappan ◽  
Carrie Elks ◽  
Masudul Haque ◽  
Philip J Ebnezer ◽  
Elizabeth McIIwain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The transcriptional factor, nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) plays an important role in the regulation of cytokines. Among the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) plays an important role in cardiovascular pathophysiology. This study was done to determine whether TNF-α blockade with etanercept (ETN) or NFkB blockade with dithiol pyrolidine thiocarbamate (PDTC) attenuate oxidative stress in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and contribute to neurohumoral excitation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Method: Male 20 week old SHR rats were treated with ETN (1 mg/kg BW, sc) or PDTC (100mg/kg BW, ip) for 5 week period. Left ventricular function was measured at baseline (20 weeks) and at 25 weeks using echocardiography. Blood pressure was measured at weekly intervals throughout the study. At the end of the protocol rats were sacrificed the PVN was microdissected for the measurement of cytokines, oxidative stress markers using real time PCR (fold increase compared to WKY controls) and by immunohistochemistry. Superoxide, total reactive oxygen species and peroxynitrite were measured in the PVN and LV using electron paramagnetic resonance. Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine an indicator of neurohumoral excitation was measured using HPLC-EC. Results: PVN data are tabulated. SHR animals had increased expression of protein and mRNA for cytokines and oxidative stress markers in the PVN and LV with increased MAP and cardiac hypertrophy when compared to WKY rats. Treatment with ETN and PDTC attenuated these increases with PDTC showing marked effect than ETN on hypertrophy and blood pressure responses. Conclusion: These findings suggest that cytokine activation in the PVN contributes to increased oxidative stress and neurohumoral excitation in hypertension.

Abstract P081: Tempol Decreases Blood Pressure in Aged Female SHR When Treated With Acetazolamide

Hypertension ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Dalmasso ◽  
Rodrigo O Maranon ◽  
Chetan N Patil ◽  
Andrew Harris ◽  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Distal Nephron ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Sodium Handling ◽  
Lucigenin Chemiluminescence

Oxidative stress contributes to the development and maintenance of hypertension in male rodents, but studies in females have rarely shown a reduction in blood pressure (BP) with antioxidants. Tempol, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, decreases BP in young male SHR, but fails to reduce BP in either young or old female SHR, despite the fact that females have similar or higher levels of oxidative stress markers. The reason for the sex difference in the response to tempol remains unclear. Acetazolamide inhibits carbonic anhydrase in the proximal tubule thus increasing sodium delivery to the distal nephron, and thereby should increase distal oxidative stress. Acetazolamide was used to test the hypothesis that with increased sodium delivery to the distal nephron, tempol would reduce the BP in aging female SHR. Female SHR, 20-22 mos old, were divided into three groups (n=4-6/grp): Control (C), Acetazolamide (A), and Acetazolamide+Tempol (A+T). After baseline mean arterial pressure (MAP; telemetry), rats received vehicle (C) or acetazolamide (A and A+T). On day 8, rats in C and A+T groups were given tempol (30 mg/kg) for 11 days. Baseline MAP was similar (C: 170±7; A: 182±4; A+T: 172±6 mm Hg, p=NS). Tempol had no effect on MAP in C+T, but reduced MAP in A+T group (C+T: 169±1; A: 171±1; A+T: 151±5 mm Hg; p<0.005 A+T vs A, C+T). Basal renal oxidative stress measured by lucigenin chemiluminescence was not different in the groups; NADPH-stimulated oxidative stress was decreased in A+T compared to A and C+T (C+T: 641.8±72.2; A: 499.3±18.3; A+T: 406.2±56.3 RLU/mg/min; p<0.05, A+T vs A, C+T). Plasma total antioxidant capacity was increased by tempol only in A+T rats (C+T: 59.07±9.67; A: 69.01±4.66; A+T: 118.24±18.38 nmol/μl; p<0.05, A+T vs A, C+T). Thus tempol is capable of modestly reducing MAP in aging female SHR when proximal sodium reabsorption is blocked. The data suggest that oxidative stress-mediated BP control is dependent on increased sodium delivery to the distal nephron. Because hypertension in male SHR is attenuated with tempol alone, but not in females, taken together, the data suggest sex differences in sodium handling and thus localization of oxidative stress production in the kidneys of SHR. Supported by NIH-R01HL66072, PO1HL51971 (JFR), 14POST18640015 (ROM).

scholarly journals The Effect of Rice Bran Extract on Arterial Blood Pressure, Hepatic Steatosis, and Inflammation in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naphatsanan Duansak ◽  
Pritsana Piyabhan ◽  
Umarat Srisawat ◽  
Jarinyaporn Naowaboot ◽  
Nusiri Lerdvuthisopon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background. Inflammation and hypertension are primary mechanisms involving in obesity-associated adverse effects of a high-fat diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rice bran extract (RBE) on arterial blood pressure, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Methods. Male ICR mice were divided into four groups, including a normal-diet control group, a high-fat diet (HFD) (60% kcal from fat) group, an HFD group treated with RBE (220 mg/kg/day), and an HFD group treated with 1100 mg/kg/day for eight weeks. Besides body weight and arterial blood pressure, we determined liver values of total cholesterol, triglyceride, as well as percent body fat, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and mRNA endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Results. The HFD group had increased body weight, increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, liver total cholesterol, triglyceride, NF-κB, COX-2 and MMP-9 protein levels, and decreased mRNA eNOS in the aorta. Mice of the HFD group receiving RBE had reduced diastolic blood pressure, as well as significantly decreased liver and serum TNF-α and MDA levels in the liver, and reduced NF-κB levels in both the liver and heart. Conclusions. These results demonstrate that RBE decreases diastolic blood pressure, the liver lipid droplet accumulation, liver and myocardial NF-κB, myocardial COX-2 and MMP-9 protein levels, and oxidative stress. Moreover, RBE may improve endothelial function and may alleviate adverse health effects associated with obesity including obesity-associated hypertension.

Asiatic Acid Decreases Blood Pressure and Oxidative Stress Markers in L-NAME-induced Hypertensive Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Sarawoot Bunbupha ◽  
Dr. Poungrat Pakdeechote ◽  
Dr. Upa Kukongviriyapan ◽  
Dr.Parichat Prachaney
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Asiatic Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Toxicological Effects of Ethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Xylopia Aethiopica on Testicular Oxidative Stress Markers and Histology of Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Elias Adikwu ◽  
Ben Ehigiator
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Xylopia Aethiopica

Impairment in testicular function can occur through perturbations in testicular oxidative stress markers and histology. Xylopia aethiopica (XE) is used to enhance fertility in males, but with information gap on its effect on testicular oxidative stress markers and histology. The present study assessed the effects of ethanolic stem bark extract of Xylopia aethiopica (EEXA) on testicular oxidative stress markers and histology of male albino rats. Sixty adult male albino rats (200g-250g) were randomly grouped into 4 (A-D) of 15 rats per group. The rats in the control group A (A1-A3) were administered per oral (p.o) with water (0.2 mL/day) for 15, 30 and 60 days respectively. The rats in groups B (B1-B3), C(C1-C3) and D (D1-D3) were administered p.o with EEXA (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg/day) for 15, 30 and 60 days respectively. The rats were anesthetized at the termination of EEXA administration and were dissected and testes removed. The testes were weighed and evaluated for oxidative stress markers and histology. Testicular weights were decreased in a dose and-time dependent fashion in EEXA-treated rats. Significant decreases in testicular superoxide dismutase, glutathione, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels with significant increases in malondialdehyde levels in a dose and time-dependent fashion were observed in rats administered with EEXA. Testicular histology showed cellular necrosis, degeneration and loss of interstitial tissues in rats administered with EEXA. This study observed that EEXA perturbed testicular oxidative markers and histology. Its use may impair testicular function.

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