scholarly journals Hydrodynamic Conditions Effects on Soft-Bottom Subtidal Nearshore Benthic Community Structure and Distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Clémence Foulquier ◽  
Julien Baills ◽  
Alison Arraud ◽  
Frank D’Amico ◽  
Hugues Blanchet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Hydrodynamic Conditions ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Winter Storms ◽  
Macrobenthic Assemblages ◽  
Baseline Knowledge ◽  
Basque Coast

This study assesses the impacts of wave action and freshwater outflow on soft-bottom benthic macrofauna spatial distribution and temporal stability along the highly exposed French Basque coast. Sediment characteristics and macrofauna abundance have been seasonally investigated during two years for nine stations located at the same (6 m) depth and spread over three subtidal sites showing distinct exposure levels. Wave climate has been determined through an operational numerical model. A total of 121 taxa were recorded, gathered in three main faunal assemblages, as revealed by classification and ordination methods. Non-parametric multivariate multiple regression (distance-based linear model) showed that the variations in macrofaunal distribution can be explained by hydrodynamic conditions. Wave exposure strongly linked to estuarine inputs were the most relevant abiotic factors influencing distributional patterns and functional structure as described by biological traits analysis. Despite the influence of these abiotic variables affecting sedimentary dynamics, seasonal stability was observed in macrobenthic assemblages composition suggesting an ability to recover from natural disturbances such as (e.g.) winter storms. In this way, these results provide baseline knowledge for future ecosystem and resource management in shallow subtidal areas strongly exposed to swell and freshwater outflow where soft-bottom macrozoobenthic communities are less frequently studied.

scholarly journals Soft bottom macrofauna of an All Taxa Biodiversity Site: Hornsund (77○N, Svalbard)

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kędra ◽  
Sławomira Gromisz ◽  
Radomir Jaskuła ◽  
Joanna Legeżyńska ◽  
Barbara Maciejewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Concerted Action ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Species List ◽  
Biodiversity Inventory ◽  
Arctic Fjord ◽  
Large Material

Soft bottom macrofauna of an All Taxa Biodiversity Site: Hornsund (77○N, Svalbard) Hornsund, an Arctic fjord in the west coast of Spitsbergen (Svalbard), was selected as All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) site under EU 5th Framework Concerted Action BIOMARE (2000-2002), especially due to its pristine, undisturbed natural character. On the base of large material (89 stations located throughout the fjord and 129 Van Veen grab samples) collected during cruises of RV Oceania in July in 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007 and literature search a comprehensive list of species recorded within Hornsund area, on the soft bottom with depth range of 30-250 m is provided. Over 220 species were identified including 93 species of Polychaeta, 62 species of Mollusca and 58 species of Crustacea. Species list is supported by information on the zoogeographical status, body length and biological traits of dominant species. Need for further research on Hornsund soft bottom fauna with more sampling effort is highlighted.

Formation and composition of trait melon (Сucumis melo L.) collection

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-108
Author(s):  
OH Kholodniak ◽  
OO Kholodniak ◽  
SL Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
History Of ◽  
Water Problems

The aim of the article was to present the results on the formation of a trait collection of melons at the Southern State Agricultural Experimental Station of the Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of NAAS of Ukraine, which contains 57 specimens (one botanical species, one subspecies and three varieties) from 11 countries. Results and Discussion. The collection includes specimens with 35 economically valuable traits, which can be useful for the lecture course Plant Breeding and as starting material for breeding research institutions. Each specimen was comprehensively studied and evaluated for performance and resistance to biotic and abiotic factors and described in terms of morphological features for three years. In addition to the species diversity, the trait collections included specimens with different levels of expression of valuable economic and biological traits. The collection also included specimens selected by phenotypic variability of individual traits or their combinations. The results of multi-year work with the melon collection specimens allowed us to identify sources of valuable economic traits with high levels of their expression, which are of interest for the lecture course Plant Breeding. Conclusion. The history of the melon breeding in Ukraine is shown; breeding varieties, which are most widespread or were a significant breeding achievement in solving certain problems, are presented. The collection can be used in plant breeding and as starting material in research and educational institutions.

scholarly journals Macrozoobenthic community structure in subtidal soft-bottom area along the coast of Lembeh Island -North Sulawesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Ruddy D. Moningkey ◽  
Lawrence J. L. Lumingas ◽  
Unstain N. W. J. Rembet
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Macrozoobenthic Community

The present paper describes the soft-bottom macrozoobenthic community structure inhabiting Lembeh Island’s waters (North Sulawesi). Material for the study was collected from 5 stations in October 2013 using a La Motte grab (600 cm2) and subsequently sieved through a 1 mm square mesh sieve. A total of 1147 individuals belonging to 78 species (taxa) of macrozoobenthos  and representative of higher taxonomic groups belonging to 12 phyla were recorded and identified. Univariate analysis showed low abundance of individuals and number of species in the Pintu Kota station which has a black sludge of sediment but Shannon index values at this station is the highest. Instead Motto station relatively far from anthropogenic disturbance showed a high abundance of individuals and number of species but Shannon  index values at this station is the lowest. The station is dominated by Tanais sp at a density of 9533 individuals m-2. Shannon index is less sensitive to measure the effect of anthropogenic disturbances compared with the abundance of individuals and number of species. The multivariate analysis (Cluster Analysis and Correspondence Analysis) managed to separate the three groups (essemblage) makrozoobethos: Group A (Posokan), Group B (Motto) and Group C (Pancoran, Mawali and Pintu Kota). Abiotic factors such as granulometri, physicochemical, hydrodynamics and anthropogenic factors believed to be the factors controlling the formation of the ecological group.Keywords: macrozoobenthos, anthropogenic impact, multivariate analysis, Lembeh Island.   ABSTRAKTulisan ini menggambarkan struktur komunitas makrozoobentos substrat lunak yang menghuni perairan Pulau Lembeh (Sulawesi Utara). Materi untuk studi ini dikumpulkan dari 5 stasiun pada Oktober 2013 dengan menggunakan grab La Motte (600 cm2) dan kemudian disaring dengan saringan berukuran 1 mm persegi mata saringan. Sebanyak 1147 individu yang termasuk dalam 78 spesies (taksa) makrozoobentos dan mewakili 12 fila atau grup taksonomi telah dicatat dan diidentifikasi. Analisis univariat menunjukkan rendahnya kelimpahan individu dan jumlah spesies di stasiun Pintu Kota yang memiliki sedimen lumpur berwarna hitam tetapi nilai indeks Shannon di stasiun ini adalah yang tertinggi. Sebaliknya di stasiun Motto yang relatif jauh dari gangguan antropogenik menunjukkan tingginya kelimpahan individu dan jumlah spesies tetapi nilai indeks Shannonnya adalah yang terendah. Stasiun ini didominasi oleh Tanais sp dengan kepadatan 9533 individual m-2. Indeks Shannon kurang peka mengukur pengaruh gangguan antropogenik dibandingkan dengan nilai kelimpahan individual dan jumlah spesies. Analisis multivariat (Analysis Kluster dan Analisis Korespondensi) berhasil memisahkan 3 grup (essemblage) makrozoobetos: Grup A (Posokan), Grup B (Motto) dan Grup C (Pancoran, Mawali dan Pintu Kota). Faktor abiotik seperti granulometri, hidrodinamika dan fisika-kimia perairan serta faktor antropogenik diduga merupakan faktor-faktor pengendali pembentukan grup ekologis tersebut.Kata kunci: makrozoobentos, dampak antropogenik, analisis multivariat, Pulau Lembeh.  

scholarly journals LONG-TERM RISE OF STORMINESS OF THE BALTIC SEA NEAR POLAND; POSSIBLE ORIGIN AND CONSEQUENCES

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Marcin Rozynski ◽  
Zbigniew Pruszak
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Winter Storms ◽  
The North ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Long-term growth of storminess of the Baltic Sea near Poland has been identified for autumn and winter months, particularly for January. This growth is concurrent with the increase of westerly waves in Jan., Feb. and Oct. A vivid relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation and significant wave height Hs in Jan. suggests it can be a potential driver of storminess growth in that month. For Feb. this relationship is unstable; other months demonstrate no connection toward the NAO. The wave climate in January also exhibits a strong 8-year cycle, very likely to drive 8-year variations of shoreline position, detected previously at a study site. The influence of NAO may manifest an unfavorable regime change in which mightier winter storms will be mostly occurring above freezing in the absence of ice cover. Without that cover vulnerable sandy beaches will be exposed to accelerated erosion from direct and stronger wave attack.

scholarly journals Changes in soft-bottom macrobenthic assemblages after a sulphuric acid spill in the Rio Grande Harbor (RS, Brazil)

2003 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Bemvenuti ◽  
J. S. Rosa-Filho ◽  
M. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Discharge Area ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Macrobenthic Assemblages ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Station Location ◽  
Macrobenthic Assemblage

The structure of macrobenthic assemblages in Rio Grande Harbor was analyzed during and after a sulphuric acid spill in August 1988. Five stations were sampled four times between September 1988 and March 1999. At each station, three samples were taken using a van Veen grab (0.078 m²). A total of 22 taxa were collected including Crustacea (9 spp.), Polychaeta (7 spp.), Mollusca (3 spp.), Phoronida (1 sp.), Nemertinea (1 sp.), and Plathyelminthea (1 sp.). The macrobenthic assemblages suffered different impacts depending on station location and time: 1) immediate impact, i.e., during acid discharge, as at the station nearest (250 m) the acid spill source; 2) impact some time after the discharge, as at the station 500 m downstream from the acid spill source; and 3) absence of direct impact on the remaining sampling points, on the discharge area outer limit. The macrobenthic assemblage recovered six months after the sulphuric acid spill.

Community Structure of Macrobenthic Assemblages on Soft Bottom around Heuksan Island, Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Byoung-Mi Choi ◽  
Seok Hyun Youn ◽  
Youn-Jung Kim ◽  
Jae Seong Yun ◽  
In-Soo Seo
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Macrobenthic Assemblages

scholarly journals Evaluating endophenotypes for bipolar disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Guglielmo ◽  
Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak ◽  
Gregor Hasler
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
White Matter Abnormalities ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Background Phenotypic heterogeneity is a major impediment to the elucidation of the neurobiology and genetics of bipolar disorder. Endophenotype could help in reducing heterogeneity by defining biological traits that are more direct expressions of gene effects. The aim of this review is to examine the recent literature on clinical, epidemiological, neurobiological, and genetic findings and to select and evaluate candidate endophenotypes for bipolar disorder. Evaluating putative endophenotype could be helpful in better understanding the neurobiology of bipolar disorder by improving the definition of bipolar-related phenotypes in genetic studies. In this manner, research on endophenotypes could be useful to improve psychopathological diagnostics in the long-run by dissecting psychiatric macro phenotypes into biologically valid components. Main body The associations among the psychopathological and biological endophenotypes are discussed with respect to specificity, temporal stability, heritability, familiarity, and clinical and biological plausibility. Numerous findings regarding brain function, brain structure, neuropsychology and altered neurochemical pathways in patients with bipolar disorder and their relatives deserve further investigation. Overall, major findings suggest a developmental origin of this disorder as all the candidate endophenotypes that we have been able to select are present both in the early stages of the disorder as well as in subjects at risk. Conclusions Among the stronger candidate endophenotypes, we suggest circadian rhythm instability, dysmodulation of emotion and reward, altered neuroimmune state, attention and executive dysfunctions, anterior cingulate cortex thickness and early white matter abnormalities. In particular, early white matter abnormalities could be the result of a vulnerable brain on which new stressors are added in young adulthood which favours the onset of the disorder. Possible pathways that lead to a vulnerable brain are discussed starting from the data about molecular and imaging endophenotypes of bipolar disorder.

scholarly journals Ecophysiological and Cell Biological Traits of Benthic Diatoms From Coastal Wetlands of the Southern Baltic Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara R. Prelle ◽  
Martin Albrecht ◽  
Ulf Karsten ◽  
Pauline Damer ◽  
Tabea Giese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Benthic Diatoms ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
First Time

The German Baltic Sea coastline is characterized by sea-land transitions zones, specifically coastal peatlands. Such transition zones exhibit highly fluctuating environmental parameters and dynamic gradients that affect physiological processes of inhabiting organisms such as microphytobenthic communities. In the present study four representative and abundant benthic diatom strains [Melosira nummuloides, Nitzschia filiformis, Planothidium sp. (st. 1) and Planothidium sp. (st.2)] were isolated from a Baltic Sea beach and three peatlands that are irregularly affected by Baltic Sea water intrusion. Ecophysiological and cell biological traits of the strains were investigated for the first time as function of light, temperature and salinity. The four strains exhibited euryhaline growth over a range of 1–39 SA, surpassing in situ salinity of the respective brackish habitats. Furthermore, they showed eurythermal growth over a temperature range from 5 to 30°C with an optimum temperature between 15 and 20°C. Growth rates did not exhibit any differences between the peatland and Baltic Sea strains. The photosynthetic temperature optimum of the peatland diatom isolates, however, was much higher (20–35°C) compared to the Baltic Sea one (10°C). All strains exhibited light saturation points ranging between 29.8 and 72.6 μmol photons m–2 s–1. The lipid content did not change in response to the tested abiotic factors. All data point to wide physiological tolerances in these benthic diatoms along the respective sea-land transitions zones. This study could serve as a baseline for future studies on microphytobenthic communities and their key functions, like primary production, under fluctuating environmental stressors along terrestrial-marine gradients.

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