scholarly journals Efficacy of Vitamin E in Methotrexate-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Open-Label Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Binit Vaidya ◽  
Manisha Bhochhibhoya ◽  
Shweta Nakarmi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Control Study

Objective. To examine the efficacy of vitamin E in methotrexate- (MTX-) induced transaminitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. A case-control study was conducted at a tertiary rheumatology center for 12 months. Patients with RA on MTX and deranged aminotransferases were included. Patients with previous liver diseases, baseline transaminitis before methotrexate initiation, alcohol intake, muscle diseases, under hepatotoxic drugs, and aminotransferases>3 times the upper normal limit were excluded. The patients were divided into treatment (vitamin E 400 mg bid for 3 months) and control groups (no vitamin E) using a random number table. The dose of MTX was unaltered. Follow-up was done after 3 and 6 months. Independent t-test was done to compare means of two groups. Paired t-test was done to compare differences in mean. Results. Among 230 patients, 86.5% were female with a mean BMI of 25.9±4.5 kg/m2. In the treatment group, SGPT and SGOT at baseline were 73.1±20.4 and 60.2±24.5 IU/L, respectively; at 3-month follow-up 44.6±34.2 and 38.3±20.8 IU/L, respectively; and at 6-month follow-up 40.4±35.7 and 34.2±21.9 IU/L, respectively. In the control group, SGPT and SGOT at baseline were 63.4±15.1 and 46.8±13.7 IU/L, respectively, and at 3-month follow-up 55.8±45.9 and 45.5±30.9 IU/L, respectively. Significant decrease in the level of aminotransferases was seen in the treatment group (p value < 0.001) and not in the control group (p values 0.161 and 0.728, respectively). The change in levels of SGPT and SGOT from baseline to 3 months of follow-up was statistically significant in between two study groups (p values 0.007 and <0.001, respectively). From the control group, 29 patients were crossed over to vitamin E for the next 3 months. SGPT and SGOT decreased from 97.6±44.1 to 46.1±40.9 and 69.3±34.9 to 29.1±11.6 IU/L, respectively (p values 0.031 and 0.017, respectively). Conclusion. Vitamin E significantly attenuates MTX-induced transaminitis.

scholarly journals Trabeculectomy with Healaflow versus Trabeculectomy for the Treatment of Glaucoma: A Case-Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Papaconstantinou ◽  
Andreas Diagourtas ◽  
Petros Petrou ◽  
Alexandros Rouvas ◽  
Athanasios Vergados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Control Study

Purpose. To compare the outcomes of trabeculectomy with and without Healaflow (Anteis S.A, Geneva, Switzerland), a high molecular weight viscoelastic gel, in patients requiring glaucoma surgery.Methods. This was a retrospective, comparative, interventional case-control study. Forty patients formed two matched study groups and were analyzed (trabeculectomy alone (control) versus trabeculectomy with Healaflow (study)).Results. The postoperative levels of mean IOP were statistically significantly lowerP<0.05than preoperatively in both groups, for all time intervals. There was no statistical difference, at the end of the follow-up period, between the two groups in the mean values of the IOP (14.9 ± 3.2 mmHg for the study group versus 14.8 ± 3.3 mmHg for the control group). The number of antiglaucoma drugs used in the study group was reduced from a preoperative mean of 3.4 ± 0.75 to a 6-month postoperative mean of 0.6 ± 0.8P<0.001and in the control group from 3.6 ± 0.59 to 0.55 ± 0.9P<0.001.Conclusions. Although trabeculectomy with Healaflow appears to be a safe procedure, we failed to identify any significant advantages in the use of Healaflow when compared with trabeculectomy alone, at the end of the 6-month follow-up period.

Efficacy of corticosteroid therapy in the treatment of long- lasting olfactory disorders in COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
L.A. Vaira ◽  
C. Hopkins ◽  
M. Petrocelli ◽  
J.R. Lechien ◽  
S. Cutrupi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Control ◽  
Group A ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND: The growing number of COVID-19 patients with long-lasting olfactory disorders makes it necessary to identify effective treatments that enhance the spontaneous recovery of olfactory function. METHODS: Multicentre randomised case-control study that involved 18 patients with COVID-19 related anosmia or severe hyposmia for more than 30 days. Nine patients were prescribed systemic prednisone and nasal irrigation with betamethasone, ambroxol and rinazine for 15 days. The other 9, untreated, patients were used as controls. The olfactory function was evaluated with CCCRC test at 20 and 40 days from the first evaluation. RESULTS: In the control group, a median olfactory score of 20 (IQR 30) was detected at baseline. At the 20-day control there was no significant improvement in olfactory function. The improvement in olfactory performance became significant at the 40-day follow-up compared to baseline scores [60 (IQR 60) versus 20 (IQR 30)]. In the treatment group, patients had a mean olfactory score of 10 (IQR 15) at initial control. At the 20-day control, a significant im-provement in the olfactory scores, compared to the baseline, was detected [70 (IQR 40) versus 10 (IQR 15)]. Olfactory function further improved at 40 days [median score 90 (IQR 50)]. Patients in the treatment group reported significantly higher improvements of the olfactory scores than the controls at both the 20-day [40 (IQR 45) versus 10 (IQR 15)] and 40-day [60 (IQR 40) versus 30 (IQR 25)] evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, the mix of drugs including steroids could represent a useful specific therapy to reduce the prevalence of this long-term morbidity.

Evaluating the efficacy of topical vancomycin powder in the treatment of open lower extremity fractures

Trauma ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146040862097814
Author(s):  
Justin Vaida ◽  
Alexander DB Conti ◽  
Justin J Ray ◽  
Daniel A Bravin ◽  
Michelle A Bramer
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Vancomycin Powder ◽  
Control Study

Introduction Optimal management of lower extremity fractures includes early antibiotics administration, thorough irrigation and debridement, consideration of soft tissue injury, and definitive skeletal management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of topical vancomycin powder in the treatment of open lower extremity fractures. Methods This was a retrospective case control study in which open lower extremity fractures at our institution were reviewed for development of infection (including species and sensitivity if present) and the development of unanticipated wound complications requiring intervention. Patients from 2010-2015 were treated with standard of care consistent with evidence-based literature (IV antibiotics with external fixator, intramedullary nail, etc.). Patients from 2016–18 were additionally treated with vancomycin powder applied directly to the wound before closure. All patients were monitored per the treating surgeon’s standard follow-up protocol and had follow-up of at least two months. Results This retrospective case control study comprised 434 patients. The historical control group (n = 388 patients) and treatment group (n = 46 patients) were similar for age, sex, BMI (body mass index), diabetes, smoking status, and Injury Severity Score (ISS). There were 36 infections (9.28%) in the control group compared to four infections (8.70%) in the vancomycin powder group (p = 0.901). No significant difference was seen after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, diabetes, smoking status, and ISS. The vancomycin powder group experienced significantly more wound complications (15.2%) compared to the control group (6.4%; p = 0.039), which remained significant when adjusting for multiple covariates. Conclusions Topical vancomycin powder did not reduce the infection rate when applied in the surgical site of open lower extremity fractures. Instead, the addition of topical vancomycin powder resulted in significantly more wound complications in patients with open lower extremity fractures.

Efficacy of small-volume gastrografin videofluoroscopic screening for detecting pharyngeal leaks following total laryngectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
M Narayan ◽  
S Limbachiya ◽  
D Balasubramanian ◽  
N Subramaniam ◽  
K Thankappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Pharyngocutaneous Fistulae

AbstractObjectivesPharyngocutaneous fistulae are dreaded complications following total laryngectomy. This paper presents our experience using 3–5 ml gastrografin to detect pharyngeal leaks following total laryngectomy, and compares post-operative videofluoroscopy with clinical follow-up findings in the detection of pharyngocutaneous fistulae.MethodsA retrospective case–control study was conducted of total laryngectomy patients. The control group (n = 85) was assessed clinically for development of pharyngocutaneous fistulae, while the study group (n = 52) underwent small-volume (3–5 ml) post-operative gastrografin videofluoroscopy.ResultsIn the control group, 24 of 85 patients (28 per cent) developed pharyngocutaneous fistulae, with 6 requiring surgical correction. In the study group, 24 of 52 patients (46 per cent) had videofluoroscopy-detected pharyngeal leaks; 4 patients (8 per cent) developed pharyngocutaneous fistulae, but all cases resolved following non-surgical management. Patients who underwent videofluoroscopy had a significantly lower risk of developing pharyngocutaneous fistulae; sensitivity and specificity in the detection of pharyngocutaneous fistulae were 58 per cent and 100 per cent respectively.ConclusionSmall-volume gastrografin videofluoroscopy reliably identified small pharyngeal leaks. Routine use in total laryngectomy combined with withholding feeds in cases of early leaks may prevent the development of pharyngocutaneous fistulae.

scholarly journals The knee function of the soccer players after ACLR is comparable with non-injured controls: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 230949902110361
Author(s):  
Marcin E Domzalski ◽  
Filip Pieta ◽  
Katarzyna Przybylak
Keyword(s):  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Knee Function ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Control Study

Purpose: Many studies report a high primary success rate of ACL reconstruction (ACLR), with an increased risk of decline in knee performance correlating with the time passed since surgery. Only one study has compared male soccer players after ACLR to a matched control group of uninjured players in terms of their return to sport and performance. The purpose of this cross-sectional case-control study was to determine the knee performance between soccer players after ACLR and control group matched by age, sex, and professional experience. Methods: All the male professional soccer players aged 18–36 years at the time of injury, who sustained an ACL tear while playing league soccer in Poland between January 2008 and December 2011 were contacted and compared with age and experience-matched healthy control group selected from professional football players. KOOS, IKDC-2000, Lysholm and SF-36 scales were used for comparison. Results: The average follow-up was 7.9 years (range 6–9 years). The ACL-injured soccer players scored significantly lower in IKDC and Lysholm scores compared with the reference group but still were classified as normal knee function in both scales. In all five dimensions of the KOOS and subscales of SF-36 no apparent differences were noted. In all scales in the study group, no correlation was observed between the player’s age and follow-up time after ACLR. Conclusion: After ACL reconstruction and successful return to professional sport, knee function is as good as uninjured team members in the midterm follow-up. Level of evidence: III

Condylar changes in patients with idiopathic condylar resorption: retrospective 2-year follow-up CBCT-based case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-625
Author(s):  
Cristina R Exposto ◽  
Peter Stoustrup ◽  
Kasper D Kristensen ◽  
Michel Dalstra ◽  
Thomas K Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Radiological Appearance ◽  
Control Study

Summary Objectives To compare condylar development and changes in condylar radiological appearance in patients with idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) to a healthy, age- and gender matched, control group. Materials and methods This case-control study included 16 ICR patients [mean age: 15years, 9 months; standard deviation (SD): 4 years) and 16 controls (mean age: 16 years, 8 months; SD: 4 years, 7 months), with diagnostic (T0) and 2-year follow-up (T1) CBCT examinations. Condylar changes were evaluated through changes in condylar neck angle (CNA), and the transversal, vertical and anteroposterior displacement of five condylar points between T0 and T1. The magnitude and direction of condylar changes were evaluated using vector analyses. A qualitative radiological evaluation of the TMJ was performed based on healthy, erosive and repaired morphological appearance. Linear and angular measurements were assessed using ANOVA and a Tukey post-hoc test, and vectors were tested using an independent-sample 2-tailed t-test. Fisher’s exact test was used for the qualitative evaluation. Results At T0, ICR patients exhibited decreased condylar height, smaller condylar width and posteriorly inclined CNA compared with the control group (P &lt; 0.05). During observation, condylar vertical growth was smaller in the ICR group than in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). Vector analysis showed an upward direction of vertical displacement for all condylar points in the control group; the ICR group showed a downward direction (P &lt; 0.003). The radiological appearance of 75% of the ICR condyles and 94% of the control condyles did not change during the 2-year follow-up period. Conclusions ICR condyles displayed reduced vertical development compared with control condyles. The radiological appearance remained unchanged for most joints. Observed changes in radiological appearance did not always follow a progressive model of degenerative joint disease.

Laparoscopy compared with laparotomy for comprehensive surgical staging of early ovarian cancer: Results of a retrospective multicenter case-control study.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6067-6067
Author(s):  
Julia Caroline Radosa ◽  
Marc P Radosa ◽  
Pauline Mertke ◽  
Marie-Luise Hugo ◽  
Christoph Georg Radosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Surgical Staging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Early Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Control Study

6067 Background: The objective of this study was to compare laparoscopy and laparotomy for comprehensive surgical staging of early ovarian cancer in terms of efficacy and oncologic safety. Methods: Patients who had laparoscopic staging for early stage (I/II) ovarian cancer between 01/2000 and 10/2018 at the participating sites (Gynecologic comprehensive cancer centers with respective expertise in minimal invasive surgery) were included in this retrospective case-control study. The control group consisted of all patients treated via laparotomy during the study period. Clinical data were abstracted from medical record and recent follow up information were obtained. Comparisons were made between patients regarding surgical parameters and oncologic outcome and multivariate models were used to identify factors independently associated with disease recurrence. Results: Among 313 patients, staging was performed via laparoscopy in 208 (66 %) patients and via laparotomy in 105 (34 %) patients. Patients staged laparoscopically were younger (median 52 (15-86) vs. 59 (17-92) vears, p≤0.01) and had a lower BMI (24.4 (16.5-46.8) vs. 26 (15.5-53.8), p≤0.01). Regarding surgical parameters, duration of surgery was longer (291 (159-778) vs. 277 (159-690) minutes, p≤0.01), postoperative hospitalization was shorter (7 (0-27) vs. 9 (0-92) days, p≤0.01) and postoperative complications were lower in the laparoscopy group. On univariate analysis there were no differences in rates of tumor stage according to FIGO, intraoperative rupture of ovarian cysts (14 % vs. 13 %, p=0.87), number of lymph nodes removed (24 (0-89) vs. 22 (0-96), p=0.81) or any recurrence of disease (14 % vs. 16 %, p=0.52). At a median follow-up of 46 months (0-227), there were no differences in DFS and OS by surgical technique (5yr DFS 82 % (SE 0.04) vs. 83 % (SE 0.05), p=0.43; OS 91 % (SE 0.03) vs. 87 % (SE 0.04), p=0.87). On multivariate analysis route of surgery was not associated with an increased risk of recurrence. Conclusions: According to this preliminary analysis, laparoscopic surgical staging in patients with early ovarian cancer seems to be adequate and safe, but a longer follow-up and prospective data are needed to enhance evidence on oncologic outcomes.

Cytogenetic Response in Relation to the Adherence to Treatment with Imatinib Mesylate: A Case Control Study.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 4553-4553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Doti ◽  
German Stemmelin ◽  
Claudia Shanley ◽  
Jose Ceresetto ◽  
Oscar Rabinovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Imatinib Mesylate ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Cytogenetic Response ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hematological Response ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Introduction: The treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) suffered a dramatic change with the introduction of Imatinib mesylate. This drug has become the choice for first line treatment of CML. However, it has been shown that the effectiveness of the treatment requires a high compliance with the prescribed dose for a long period of time, and sub-dosing has been associated with a delay in achieving cytogenetic response and development of resistance. We conducted a prospective case-control study, in order to analyze how a better compliance affects the cytogenetic response to Imatinib. Materials and Methods: Between January and June 2006, 24 patients with newly diagnosed Phi (+) chronic phase CML were recruited and followed for the next 12 months. Patients were put on 400mg of Imatinib and were asked to note down all taken doses, and reasons for non-compliance. During each of the monthly visits, the dosing schedules were revised, non-adherence reasons were discussed and the medication was counted. All adverse events were noted and graded according to the NCI CTCAE (VERSION 3.0) code. Reductions or interruptions in the schedule were only allowed for related adverse events with a CTC score ≥3. All other events were treated accordingly, without modifications in the Imatinib dosing. As a control group, we matched each case with a chronic phase Phi (+) CML patient from our data base (controls were matched for sex, age, and hematological response). Only patients who received treatment with Imatinib and with complete information about dosing and adverse events were acceptable as controls. Compliance was measured as: mg taken /mg prescribed x 100 during the study period. Cytogenetic response was reported as the percentage of t(9;22) negative metaphases. Results: Twenty-four patients, 14 males with median age 55 yo (range: 23–82) were included in the study; three were lost to follow up, leaving only twenty-one for analysis of compliance. At the end of the year of follow up, all patients have achieved a complete hematological response. Compliance during the 12 months was 96.1 ± 9% 1SD for the cases group, which is clearly superior to the 80% reported in the setting of clinical trials. As for one year cytogenetic response, 60 ± 25% of the control group achieved a mayor response (Phi < 35%), while 89.9 ± 20% of the cases achieved that same response. This difference is statistically significant with a p=0.027. The incidence of adverse events was similar for both groups, being nausea, vomiting, peripheral edema and skin rash the most common ones. As for hematological toxicity, CTC grade 1–2 leucopenia (11%) and thrombocytopenia (17%) were the more frequent. However, although moderate, these were the main reasons for interruption or reduction of Imatinib dosage in the control group. Conclusions: This study shows that improving compliance is associated with a better cytogenetic response. As this response is the ultimate goal in the treatment of CML patients, physicians should make an effort to assure the best adherence to the treatment and avoid sub-dosing. Doing this will help patients obtain a better cytogenetic response which has already proved to be essential for long term survival in CML.

A Case–control Study for the Assessment of Correlation of Denture-related Sores and Oral Cancer Risk

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 930-933
Author(s):  
Javed Khan ◽  
B Vikas Prasad ◽  
Gauri S Kakatkar ◽  
Meetu Jain ◽  
Maulik Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Cancer Risk ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Introduction Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Although multifactorial, the exact pathogenesis of oral cancer is still unclear. Apart from tobacco chewing and smoking, chronic long-term irritation by ill-fitting denture is also said to be an important risk factor for the development of oral cancer. Literature quotes some amount of evidence that correlates long-term denture irritation as a risk factor for the development of oral cancer. Hence, we analyzed the correlation of denturerelated sores as a risk factor for the development of oral cancer. Materials and methods The present case–control study included 140 newly diagnosed oral cancer cases and 140 patients as the control healthy group. One-hour questionnaire was framed and was conducted to the control group and the study group by 10 experienced interviewers who were trained for such type of analysis. Assessment of the patients’ socioeconomic status, cigarette smoking habit, alcohol drinking habit, and oral health status was done and compared on the two study groups. Logistic regression models along with multivariate models were used for the assessment of the results. Results In the control group and the cancer patient group, total of 140 new cancer cases and 140 subjects were included. Out of 140 patients in the cancer group, 16 were nonsmokers, while 110 smoked cigarette in the cancer patient group. As far as alcohol consumption is concerned, 42 patients in the control group and 102 patients in the oral cancer group were chronic heavy drinkers. Fried food intake was high in both the groups. Significant correlation was obtained while comparing the heavy smokers, heavy alcohol consumers, and oral health status in both the study groups. Conclusion Our results favor the hypothesis that positive correlation exists between oral cancer risk and recurrent denture sores. Clinical significance People wearing denture prosthesis should be periodically visualized for identification of any mucosal alteration or changes at the earliest. How to cite this article Jain P, Jain M, Prasad BV, Kakatkar GS, Patel M, Khan J. A Case–control Study for the Assessment of Correlation of Denture-related Sores and Oral Cancer Risk. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):930-933.

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