scholarly journals Level of Knowledge and Risk Factors for Visceral Leishmaniasis in a Mining Area of Minas Gerais State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Carina Margonari ◽  
Júlia Alves Menezes ◽  
Gustavo Mayr de Lima Carvalho ◽  
Júlia Bahia Miranda ◽  
Fabrizio Furtado de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures

Aiming to optimize and adjust leishmaniasis prevention and control measures for the resident population of Pains, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, a structured questionnaire containing conceptual questions and questions about household characteristics was used to evaluate knowledge level and exposure risk. A total of 396 individuals were interviewed revealing unscientific and fragmented knowledge about the subject for most of the studied population. The female population was found to have 1.68 times more chance of knowing about the disease than the male population, while highly educated individuals were found to have 2.92 times more chances of knowing about leishmaniasis compared to basic educated individuals. All of the respondents reported the presence of, at least, one risk factor, while ages ≥40 years were considered a protective factor compared to younger ages, indicating that older individuals are more likely to recognize risks and protect themselves against leishmaniasis. These results will contribute to the production of didactic materials for the population with respect to their previous knowledge and will provide a basis for control and prophylactic measures.

scholarly journals The relationship between human adenovirus 36 and obesity in Chinese Han population

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Qi Pan ◽  
Xiaoxia Wang ◽  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Fei Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Chinese Han Population ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Han Population ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Adenovirus 36

The study aimed to explore the prevalence of human adenovirus-36 (HAdV-36) infection and the association of HAdV-36 with obesity in Chinese Han population. A qualitative determination using ELISA was performed to determine by duplication of the antibodies to HAdV-36 in the serum samples. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between HAdV-36 seropositivity and obesity. The overall HAdV-36 seroprevalence was 49.8% amongst 824 participants. The prevalence of HAdV-36 seropositive was 42.9 and 51.4% in the obese and non-obese participants, respectively, which was not statistically significant (P=0.05). There were significant differences in the anthropometric and biochemical parameters observed between the two groups except for height (P=0.067) and total cholesterol (TC) (P<0.29). After the adjustment for age and gender, HAdV-36 seropositivity was a protective factor for obesity (odds ratio (OR) = 0.69, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) = 0.48–0.97, P=0.03). In the male population, the adjusted OR for AD-36 antibody-positive status was statistically decreased for obese adults (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.39–0.91; P=0.02). However, the similar result was not obtained in the female population (OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.48–1.67; P=0.73). We found a high prevalence of HAdV-36 infection in China and significant association between HAdV-36 infection and obesity or weight gain after the adjustment for age and gender. The HAdV-36 infection may be related to the weight loss in Chinese Han population, especially in the male group, which needs to be further confirmed.

A Region of Coal Mine Geological Environmental Survey Assessment and Prevention Countermeasures

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1078-1084
Author(s):  
Jin Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Coal Resources ◽  
Exploitation And Utilization ◽  
Geologic Hazards ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Geologic Environment

Exploitation and utilization of coal resources will cause disturbances to the geologic environment and damages to the geologic environment conditions of the mining area, and lead to damages to ecological environment, formation of geologic hazards of mines and environmental pollution in the mining area. In this paper, current geologic environment of mines is investigated, and geologic environment problems of mines are assessed and prevention and control measures are researched on a basis of classified areas, with Dazhou, which is an important city in East Sichuan and where coal resources are rich and exploited frequently, as an example, to provide reference for protection, treatment and recovery of geologic environment of coal mines in East Sichuan.

A Study on the Formation Mechanism and Preventive Measures of Coal-Mining Ground Fissures in the South-West of Pingyao

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 1341-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Song Zhou ◽  
Xiu Qing Zheng ◽  
Li Yuan Zheng ◽  
Xiao Ou Wei
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Ground Fissure ◽  
Ground Fissures ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Groundwater Drainage

According to the basic characteristics of geological environment in Pingyao mining area, we analyzed the relationship between coal mining and the ground fissure disasters in recent years. The result shows that the mine goaf is the essential factor for the formation of ground fissure, and the precipitation and groundwater drainage accelerates its development. Based on a systematic analysis of classification of goaf as well as the distribution characteristics and the formation mechanism of ground fissure, we found that the ground fissure in this area is non-tectonic, and thus proposed corresponding prevention and control measures. Research results would provide basis for the improvement of local environmental conditions and the control of geological disasters.

scholarly journals Influence of Mine Earthquake Disturbance on the Principal Stress of the Main Roadway near the Goaf and Its Prevention and Control Measures

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jiazhuo Li ◽  
Penghui Guo ◽  
Heng Cui ◽  
Xiqing Hao ◽  
Lihua Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Stress ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Surrounding Rock ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Mining Depth ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

With the reduction and depletion of shallow energy, the mining depth of coal around the world is increasing year by year, and the mining depth of some coal mines in China has reached kilometers. The main roadway near the goaf with the deep high static stress is very easy to be damaged after being disturbed by the mine earthquake. Taking the main roadway in the no. 1 mining area of Gaojiapu coal mine in Binchang mining area, Shaanxi Province, China, as the engineering background, the high-energy mine earthquake monitored by the on-site microseism is equivalently simulated through the dynamic module of FLAC3D, and the spatial-temporal rotation characteristics of the principal stress of roadway surrounding rock under the disturbance of mine earthquake are studied and analyzed and put forward corresponding prevention and control measures. Research shows early stage of mine earthquake disturbance, roadway roof is first affected, and the principal stress of the roof has the trend of deflection to the side of the goaf. In the middle stage of mine earthquake disturbance, the main body of roof principal stress deflects to the side of goaf, and the deflection range is large. In the later stage of mine earthquake disturbance, the principal stress directions in the surrounding rock reverse rotation, and the reverse rotation angle of the principal stress direction in the roof is the largest. Finally, the asymmetric distribution characteristics of principal stress rotation are verified by using the asymmetric deformation phenomenon on both sides of roadway surrounding rock. Based on the rotation characteristics of principal stress under the dual influence of mine earthquake disturbance and goaf, optimize the layout scheme and blasting parameters of blasting pressure relief holes. The transmission direction of principal stress can be changed by blasting pressure relief method; meanwhile, the transmission of principal stress can be blocked; through the comparison of microseismic activity law before and after pressure relief, pressure relief effect is good. The research results can provide a certain reference basis for coal mine roadway pressure relief and reducing disaster conditions.

scholarly journals Assessment of Retrospective COVID-19 Spatial Clusters with Respect to Demographic Factors: Case Study of Kansas City, Missouri, United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11496
Author(s):  
Hadeel AlQadi ◽  
Majid Bani-Yaghoub ◽  
Sindhu Balakumar ◽  
Siqi Wu ◽  
Alex Francisco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Kansas City ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Spatial Scan Statistic ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The United States (U.S.) has the highest number of reported COVID-19 infections and related deaths in the world, accounting for 17.8% of total global confirmed cases as of August 2021. As COVID-19 spread throughout communities across the U.S., it became clear that inequities would arise among differing demographics. Several researchers have suggested that certain racial and ethnic minority groups may have been disproportionately impacted by the spread of COVID-19. In the present study, we used the daily data of COVID-19 cases in Kansas City, Missouri, to observe differences in COVID-19 clusters with respect to gender, race, and ethnicity. Specifically, we utilized a retrospective Poisson spatial scan statistic with respect to demographic factors to detect daily clusters of COVID-19 in Kansas City at the zip code level from March to November 2020. Our statistical results indicated that clusters of the male population were more widely scattered than clusters of the female population. Clusters of the Hispanic population had the highest prevalence and were also more widely scattered. This demographic cluster analysis can provide guidance for reducing the social inequalities associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, applying stronger preventive and control measures to emerging clusters can reduce the likelihood of another epidemic wave of infection.

Knowledge and Awareness of Dengue Fever

2018 ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Y. Arockia Suganthi ◽  
Chitra K. ◽  
J. Magelin Mary
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Transmission ◽  
Standard Guideline ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Dengue Prevention ◽  
And Control

Dengue fever is a painful mosquito-borne infection caused by different types of virus in various localities of the world. There is no particular medicine or vaccine to treat person suffering from dengue fever. Dengue viruses are transmitted by the bite of female Aedes (Ae) mosquitoes. Dengue fever viruses are mainly transmitted by Aedes which can be active in tropical or subtropical climates. Aedes Aegypti is the key step to avoid infection transmission to save millions of people in all over the world. This paper provides a standard guideline in the planning of dengue prevention and control measures. At the same time gives the priorities including clinical management and hospitalized dengue patients have to address essentially.

An evaluation model of 2019-nCoV prevention effectiveness based on immigration data in China (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiangsheng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Related Data ◽  
The Face ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Best Fit

BACKGROUND As of the end of February 2020, 2019-nCoV is currently well controlled in China. However, the virus is now spreading globally. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of outbreak prevention and control measures in a region. METHODS A model is built for find the best fit for two sets of data (the number of daily new diagnosed, and the risk value of incoming immigration population). The parameters (offset and time window) in the model can be used as the evaluation of effectiveness of outbreak prevention and control. RESULTS Through study, it is found that the parameter offset and time window in the model can accurately reflect the prevention effectiveness. Some related data and public news confirm this result. And this method has advantages over the method using R0 in two aspects. CONCLUSIONS If the epidemic situation is well controlled, the virus is not terrible. Now the daily new diagnosed patients in most regions of China is quickly reduced to zero or close to zero. Chinese can do a good job in the face of huge epidemic pressure. Therefore, if other countries can do well in prevention and control, the epidemic in those places can also pass quickly.

Extremes of Temperature

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann M. Krake
Keyword(s):  
Control Measures ◽  
Temperature Extremes ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Assessment And Evaluation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Extreme Cold ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Extremes Of Temperature

This chapter covers extremes of temperature conditions, physiological effects, and prevention. All deaths caused by exposure to hot and cold temperature extremes are preventable when proper measures are taken. Described in this chapter are the effects of extreme heat and extreme cold on the health of members of the public, particularly older people and young people, and workers employed in various workplace settings. The differences between heat stress and heat strain are also discussed, as are various regulations governing exposure to temperature extremes. The nature and magnitude of heat- and cold-related conditions and symptoms are described in detail. Final sections of the chapter address various assessment and evaluation tools as well as prevention and control measures. In addition, an appendix describes the hazards related to hyperbaric and hypobaric environments and adverse health effects.

scholarly journals To Establish A Normal Range of Inter-Incisal Opening - A Study of 756 Subjects of Age Group 20-50 Years in Yamunanagar City, Haryana.

2013 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-003
Author(s):  
Aruna Singh ◽  
Nymphea Pandit ◽  
Monica Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Odontogenic Infections ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Average Maximum

Abstract Aim- 1. The aim of this study was to investigate the average maximum range of inter-incisal mouth opening in a representative sample of the adult subjects of Haryana. 2. To see any correlation between maximal inter-incisal opening with age. Methods- Maximum mouth opening was studied in 756 adult subjects with age range of 20-50 years in Yamunanagar, Haryana. Age limit was further divided into three groups (20-30, 31-40, 41-50). Those with clinical history of TMJ involvement, OSMF, any trauma, odontogenic and non-odontogenic infections, dental prosthesis on the anterior teeth, congenital anomalies in the maxillofacial region were excluded from this study. The measurements were recorded twice and mean of the two values were taken. Statistical Analysis- Independent sample t-test was calculated to compare age and mouth opening in both male and females respectively. Bivariate pearson correlation was used to see any relationship between age and mouth opening. P-value ≤ 0.05 and CI (confidence interval) at 95% were considered statistically significant. The Results- The average mouth opening of males (45.36±6.70 mm) subjects was higher as compared to female (41.27 ± 6.75 mm) with significant, p-value 0.000. The mean mouth opening ± SD for both sexes combined was 43.39 ± 7.02 mm. The corresponding values for mean inter-incisal opening in male population aged 20-30, 31-40, 41-50 were 45.52 ± 7.15, 46.16 ± 5.47, 42.96 ± 6.82 mm and in female population aged 20-30, 31-40, 41-50 were 41.40 ± 7.08, 41.60 ± 6.29 and 40.03 ± 6.38 mm respectively. Conclusion- Maximal mouth opening differ significantly with gender. There is a decrease in MMO with older age group.

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