scholarly journals Vitamin D and Demyelinating Diseases: Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cady Rodney ◽  
Sherriann Rodney ◽  
Richard M. Millis
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Health Practitioners

Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in all ages regardless of climate or geographical location and evidence is emerging that the incidence of autoimmune diseases is increasing worldwide. Women make up a large proportion of autoimmune disease diagnoses, underscoring the importance of fully elucidating the complex synergistic relationships between estrogens and vitamin D. Vitamin D receptor-activating drugs appear to enhance remyelination in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating diseases such as neuromyelitis optica (NMO). This review is intended to update health practitioners about the potential role of vitamin D deficiency demyelination and to motivate future research on dietary recommendations for vitamin D in preventing and treating demyel1nating diseases.

Role of vitamin D deficiency in the development obstetric and perinatal complications (Literature review)

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
O.O. Korchinska ◽  
◽  
N.O. Loya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Low Levels

The article gives an overview of the literature that shows the high prevalence of deficiency and insufficiency of vitamin D in pregnant women in countries irrespective of their geographical location, leading to adverse health outcomes, such as miscarriage, premature birth defects, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, risk Caesarean section, low birth weight and an increase in the number of autoimmune diseases associated with low levels of vitamin D during pregnancy. Key words: vitamin D deficiency, pregnancy, obstetric complications, perinatal complications.

scholarly journals The role of calcium and vitamin D in arterial hypertension

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
И.А. Туйзарова ◽  
Т.С. Свеклина ◽  
В.А. Козлов ◽  
Р.Т. Сардинов
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Relationship Of

В ряде последних эпидемиологических и ретроспективных исследований представлены доказательства роли кальция и витамина D в развитие артериальной гипертензии и связанной с ней сердечной недостаточностью. Дефицит витамина D, который может встречаться у 82,5% населения, и связанное с ним нарушение обмена кальция, эпидемиологи расценивают как пандемию. Цель обзора - систематизация современных сведений о роли кальциевого гомеостаза и дефицита витамина D в формировании артериальной гипертензии. В обзоре литературы рассмотрены вопросы связи артериальной гипертензии с плазменными концентрациями кальция и холекальциферолов. Анализ данных литературы свидетельствует, что у молодых людей стойкое повышение артериального давления ассоциировано с высокими плазменными концентрациями Ca2+, а у пожилых, особенно лиц с остеопорозом - с низкими. Циркадианные колебания плазменных концентраций кальция совпадают с изменением величины артериального давления. Данные ряда проспективных исследований и метаанализов о связи артериальной гипертензии и низких концентраций холекальциферолов в крови подтверждены экспериментами на мышах с нокаутированным геном рецептора витамина D. Низкие концентрации витамина D в плазме крови сопровождаются уменьшением высвобождения оксида азота, поэтому предполагают, что витамин D является эндокринным регулятором ренин-ангиотензиновой системы. Дефицит витамина D осложняет течение заболеваний, ассоциированных с артериальной гипертензией (хроническая сердечная недостаточность, сахарный диабет второго типа, ожирение). Вне зависимости от географического места проживания у значительной части населения наблюдается дефицит холекальциферолов в крови. Уменьшение плазменных концентраций холекальциферолов у пожилых людей, особенно сочетанное с остеопорозом, ассоциируется с инсулинорезистентностью и АГ. Дефицит витамина D во время беременности и концентрации ниже 11 нг/мл при рождении и 25 нг/мл в раннем детстве увеличивают риск высокого систолического давления более чем в 1,5 раза. Заключение: результаты нескольких независимых метаанализов убедили авторов в необходимости включения активных форм витамина D в плановую терапию артериальной гипертензии. Several recent epidemiological and retrospective studies have provided evidence for the role of calcium and vitamin D in development of hypertension and related heart failure. Epidemiologists regard as a pandemic the vitamin D deficiency, which may occur in 82.5% of the population and be associated with calcium metabolism disorders. The aim of the review was to systematize current information about the role of calcium homeostasis and vitamin D deficiency in the development of hypertension. The review addresses the relationship of blood pressure (BP) with plasma concentrations of calcium and cholecalciferols. In young people, a persistent BP elevation correlates with high plasma concentrations of Ca2+ whereas in the elderly, particularly those with osteoporosis, high BP correlates with low Ca2+. Circadian fluctuations of plasma calcium parallel changes in BP. A number of prospective studies and meta-analyses has reported a relationship of hypertension and low blood cholecalciferols. These results were confirmed by experiments on knockout mice lacking the vitamin D receptor gene. Low plasma concentrations of vitamin D are associated with decreased release of nitric oxide, which suggests that vitamin D is an endocrine regulator of the renin-angiotensin system. Vitamin D deficiency complicates the course of diseases associated with hypertension (chronic heart failure, type 2 diabetes, obesity). Regardless of the geographical location of the residence, a significant part of the population has a shortage of cholecalciferols in the blood. Decreased plasma concentrations of cholecalciferols in the elderly, particularly in combination with osteoporosis, is associated with insulin resistance and hypertension. Vitamin D shortage during pregnancy and its concentrations <11 ng/ml at birth and <25 ng/ml in early childhood increase the risk of high systolic BP more than 1.5 times. Conclusion: Results of several independent metaanalyses warrant the inclusion of active forms of vitamin D into regimens of antihypertensive treatment.

SUBLINGUAL VITAMIN D3 DRUG THERAPY IN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY PATIENTS AT PRAVARA RURAL HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Sanjeeva Kumar Goud T ◽  
Rahul Kunkulol
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

The present study was aimed to study the effect of Sublingual Vitamin D3 on Serum Vitamin D level in Vitamin D deficiency patients. This was a cross-sectional and interventional study. All the Vitamin D deficiency patients of age 18-60years and either gender, willing to participate in the study were included. Patients who had greater than 20 ng/ml were excluded from the study. The total number of participants in our study was 200, out of these 111 males and 89 females, the mean age in our study was 51.07 ± 7.39Yrs. All volunteers were given sublingual vitamin D3 (60,000IU) in six doses every fifteen days of follow up for 3 months. The subject’s serum 25(OH)D levels were estimated before and after the treatment of sublingual vitamin D3. There was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D3 level before 16.61±6.71 ng/ml and after 35.80±7.80 ng/ml after treatment with Sublingual Vitamin D3. Six doses of 60,000IU of Vitamin D3 sublingual route having improved the role of serum 25(OH)D levels in the treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency patients.Keywords: Vitamin D3; Sublingual route

Vitamin D and Sleep Regulation: Is there a Role for Vitamin D?

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 2492-2496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiammetta Romano ◽  
Giovanna Muscogiuri ◽  
Elea Di Benedetto ◽  
Volha V. Zhukouskaya ◽  
Luigi Barrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Sleep Regulation ◽  
Vitamin D Receptors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Impact

Background: Vitamin D exerts multiple pleiotropic effects beyond its role in calcium-phosphate metabolism. Growing evidence suggests an association between hypovitaminosis D and sleep disorders, thus increasing the interest in the role of this vitamin in the regulatory mechanisms of the sleep-wake cycle. Objective: The study aimed to explore and summarize the current knowledge about the role of vitamin D in sleep regulation and the impact of vitamin D deficiency on sleep disorders. Methods: The main regulatory mechanisms of vitamin D on sleep are explained in this study. The literature was scanned to identify clinical trials and correlation studies showing an association between vitamin D deficiency and sleep disorders. Results: Vitamin D receptors and the enzymes that control their activation and degradation are expressed in several areas of the brain involved in sleep regulation. Vitamin D is also involved in the pathways of production of Melatonin, the hormone involved in the regulation of human circadian rhythms and sleep. Furthermore, vitamin D can affect sleep indirectly through non-specific pain disorders, correlated with alterations in sleep quality, such as restless legs syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Conclusions: : Vitamin D has both a direct and an indirect role in the regulation of sleep. Although vitamin D deficiency has been associated to sleep disorders, there is still scant evidence to concretely support the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention or treatment of sleep disturbances; indeed, more intervention studies are needed to better clarify these aspects.

scholarly journals Solar Radiation and Vitamin D: Mitigating Environmental Factors in Autoimmune Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry K. Schwalfenberg
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

This paper looks at the environmental role of vitamin D and solar radiation as risk reduction factors in autoimmune disease. Five diseases are considered: multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune disease of the thyroid, and inflammatory bowel disease. Clinical relevant studies and factors that may indicate evidence that autoimmune disease is a vitamin D-sensitive disease are presented. Studies that have resulted in prevention or amelioration of some autoimmune disease are discussed. An example of the utility of supplementing vitamin D in an unusual autoimmune disease, idiopathic thrombocytic purpura, is presented.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis in Malaysia: Demographics, Clinical Features, and Neuroimaging Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Viswanathan ◽  
N. Rose ◽  
A. Masita ◽  
J. S. Dhaliwal ◽  
S. D. Puvanarajah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Background. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an uncommon disease in multiracial Malaysia. Diagnosing patients with idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases has been greatly aided by the evolution in diagnostic criterion, the identification of new biomarkers, and improved accessibility to neuroimaging in the country.Objectives. To investigate the spectrum of multiple sclerosis in Malaysia.Methods. Retrospective analysis with longitudinal follow-up of patients referred to a single tertiary medical center with neurology services in Malaysia.Results. Out of 245 patients with idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease, 104 patients had multiple sclerosis. Female to male ratio was 5 : 1. Mean age at onset was 28.6 ± 9.9 years. The Malays were the predominant racial group affected followed by the Chinese, Indians, and other indigenous groups. Subgroup analysis revealed more Chinese having neuromyelitis optica and its spectrum disorders rather than multiple sclerosis. Positive family history was reported in 5%. Optic neuritis and myelitis were the commonest presentations at onset of disease, and relapsing remitting course was the commonest disease pattern observed. Oligoclonal band positivity was 57.6%. At disease onset, 61.5% and 66.4% fulfilled the 2005 and 2010 McDonald’s criteria for dissemination in space. Mean cord lesion length was 1.86 ± 1.65 vertebral segments in the relapsing remitting group as opposed to 6.25 ± 5.18 vertebral segments in patients with neuromyelitis optica and its spectrum disorders.Conclusion. The spectrum of multiple sclerosis in Malaysia has changed over the years. Further advancement in diagnostic criteria will no doubt continue to contribute to the evolution of this disease here.

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