scholarly journals Sizing Up Transport Poverty Alleviation: A Structural Equation Modeling Empirical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Huiying Wen ◽  
Weiwei Qi
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Spatial Coupling ◽  
Reduction Effect

The aim of this paper was to systematically obtain the poverty reduction effects and diversified poverty alleviation paths of road infrastructure, to assist in the planning of transport poverty alleviation and rural revitalization in the concentrated contiguous poverty-stricken areas. The measurement methods for impact effects and paths of transport poverty alleviation have been scientifically proposed based on methods of transportation economics and transportation geography. Firstly, an overview of the interactive mechanism and processes by which road infrastructure investment influences poverty reduction has been offered, and the characteristics of poverty space and spatial coupling result of road infrastructure have been systematically obtained. The results show that about 70% of the district counties’ road infrastructure and poverty rate are in a state of spatial coupling imbalance; the coordinated synchronous type is mainly distributed along the road network. Secondly, the structural equation model system has been formulated with variables that reflect transportation input in adjacent geographical units to consider spatial spillover effects. The results show that the direct poverty reduction effect of road infrastructure (0.105) is much lower than the indirect poverty reduction effect (0.830). Thirdly, empirical analysis at regional level of the concentrated contiguous poverty-stricken areas in China has been conducted. As a result, while addressing the limitations of previous studies, the poverty alleviation path that has been proposed also aims to catalyze actions to reduce the transport-related exclusion in poverty-stricken areas caused by the lack of access to basic facilities.

Impact of farmers’ participation in tourism on sustainable livelihood outcomes in border tourism areas

2021 ◽  
pp. 026858092110240
Author(s):  
Shaogui Xu ◽  
Yifan Zuo ◽  
Rob Law ◽  
Mu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Significance Test ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Positive Effect

Tourism, as a new way of industrial poverty alleviation, is of great significance to poverty reduction in border areas. This research takes the Sino–Vietnamese border tourism area as a case study and introduces a sustainable livelihood analysis framework. It collects questionnaire data from Napo County of Guangxi and uses structural equation modeling to analyze the behavioral intention of farmers still willing to participate in tourism after overcoming poverty. Results indicate that (1) participation motivation, participation opportunity, and participation ability had significant positive effects on farmers’ involvement level; (2) farmers’ economic, social, cultural, political, and environmental outcome perceptions had significant effects on their sustainable livelihood outcome perception; (3) farmers’ involvement level had a significant positive effect on their sustainable livelihood outcome perception; (4) the positive effect of the involvement level on behavioral intention failed to pass the significance test; and (5) farmers’ sustainable livelihood outcome perception had a significant positive impact on behavioral intention. Therefore, farmers’ involvement in poverty alleviation through tourism is a complex process of behavior and psychological perceptions.

scholarly journals Measuring Improvement of Economic Condition in State-Owned Forest Farms’ in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongyuan Chen ◽  
Wenhui Chen ◽  
Mingxing Hu ◽  
Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chinese State ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Forest Farm

An important policy cornerstone for China to reduce poverty includes China’s goal of achieving complete poverty alleviation in its state-owned forest farms by 2020. This study describes and documents the poverty reduction effect in impoverished Chinese state-owned forest farms. Based on a sample of 4855 state-owned forest farms in 31 provinces in China from 2008 to 2017, this paper uses the difference-in-difference method to study the dynamic process of poverty reduction by policies for impoverished state-owned forest farms. The results show that the implementation of the policy significantly promoted the economic development of impoverished state-owned forest farms and caused the treatment group to increase by approximately 10.6% over the control group. Moreover, the establishment of a list of impoverished state-owned forest farms had an indirect impact on the economic performance of forest farms, through channels such as infrastructure poverty alleviation, human capital investment, and per capita income of forest farm employees. Additionally, the effects of the policy on non-impoverished counties were stronger than that on impoverished counties, and impoverished state-owned forest farms may not appear in impoverished counties. The degree of financial dependence of the local government had a significant positive impact on the economic development of impoverished state-owned forest farms. The effects of the policy on different forest farms were heterogeneous. Our study provides recommendations for the future development of impoverished Chinese state-owned forest farms and for the improvement of poverty alleviation efficiency.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT TOWARDS HOUSEHOLD POVERTY REDUCTION: EVIDENCE FROM PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-397
Author(s):  
Ambreen Sarwar ◽  
Mumtaz Anwar Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Household Poverty ◽  
The Impact

Purpose of the study: This study intends to examine the impact of various dimensions of women empowerment on multiple constituents of household poverty in the three cities (Lahore, Multan and, Rawalpindi) of province Punjab, Pakistan. Methodology: The primary data was gathered from a sample of 2400 married and employed females belonging to the three cities of Punjab, Pakistan. For analysis, the study develops its own all-embracing Women Empowerment and Household Poverty variables using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and examines the relationship between the empowerment of women and household poverty using structural equation modeling (SEM). Main Findings: The results show that women empowerment positively and significantly contributes towards household poverty reduction. Applications of this study: Since poverty is one of the greatest challenges that Pakistan is facing today, the need to change poor standards of living and inspiring women to contribute effectively to society through their active participation in the development process is the dire need of time. The results of the study suggest that in addition to targeting poverty directly, policies should be devised that eradicate poverty through the empowerment of women. Novelty/Originality of this study: The majority of the past studies have limited generalizability because they use already available surveys/published data, having limited dimensions/indicators of women empowerment and household poverty. Moreover, the past studies that have examined the phenomenon of women empowerment ignore its psychological dimensions. Therefore, because of minimal comprehensive investigation, the examination of the effect of the empowerment of women on household poverty remains a topic of interest for the researchers.

scholarly journals The Effect of Planned Behaviour Theory on Agropreneurship Intention: The Moderating Role of Gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Mohd Nur Fikri Waktu Saptu ◽  
Sylvia Nabila Azwa Ambad ◽  
Viduriati Sumin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Agricultural Entrepreneurship ◽  
Unemployed Youth

Agriculture is the second largest contributor to Sabah’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), with an average contribution of 24% annually. It is also proven in many third world countries that investment in agriculture plays a crucial role in poverty reduction, providing more job opportunities, and ensuring food security. Sabah recorded the highest rate of unemployed youth in 2018 and remained as the state with the highest score of hardcore poor people in Malaysia; thus, Sabah will be economically benefited from agricultural growth. However, the number of youth participation in the agriculture sector is still low at a rate of approximately 15%. Agricultural entrepreneurship or also known as agropreneurship among youth, needs to be broadened to promote greater opportunities in the agriculture sector. Therefore, using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), this research examines agropreneurship intention and the moderating effect of gender among youth in Sabah, Malaysia. A total of 382 youth participated in the survey. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling 3.0 was used to analyse the collection of data. The results found that attitude of the youths towards agropreneurship and perceived behavioural control have a positive effect on agropreneurship intention. Meanwhile, subjective norms did not have a significant effect on agropreneurship intention, and gender has no moderating effect. In line with the first Sabah Agriculture Blueprint 2021–2030, this study intends to contribute to the formulating of policies and relevant programmes, especially in accelerating agropreneurship participation. It also contributes to Sabah’s aspiration of becoming a hub for the agriculture sector in this region.

scholarly journals The Impact of Public Spending on Poverty through the Channel of Social Infrastructure: An Empirical Analysis of Asian Economies

2020 ◽  
Vol V (IV) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akbar ◽  
Sabahat Subhan ◽  
Haidar Farooqe
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Asian Economies ◽  
The Impact

This study empirically investigated the mediating role that education plays to channelize Public Spending towards Poverty alleviation in Asian economies. To capture the direct and indirect link between the main explained variable poverty and explanatory variable Public Spending, a relatively new methodology known as Moderated Mediation, has been adopted. For empirical analysis, Seemingly Unrelated Regression technique (SUR) was employed. Results revealed an inverse and significant relationship between Public Spending and Poverty in direct as well as indirect way. The direct impact of public spending on Poverty alleviation programs expressed a strong impact on poverty reduction. The indirect impact that public spending has on poverty through education found inverse and highly significant. The high rate of population growth, unemployment and high inflation cause poverty in sampled Asian economies. Suitable policies need to be adopted in order to cope with poverty in the aforementioned economies.

scholarly journals Collaborative Governance in Poverty Reduction in Bandung City

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riana Permani
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Collaboration Process

The main strategy of poverty alleviation in Bandung is directed to reduce the poverty rate. But the countermeasures that have been done by the relevant parties have not reached the target set. BPS data in 2019 showed the number of poor people reached 84,670 or 3.38% of the total population. In the last five years, the poverty rate has never reached 1% in accordance with the RPJMD target. On the other hand, all parties agree on the importance of building a system of partnership, coordination, and collaboration between local governments, communities, and non-governmental organizations in collaborative governance. The establishment of the Coordination Team for The Acceleration of Poverty Alleviation (TKPK) Kota Bandung became an important forum in achieving the target of reducing poverty rates. This research aims to find out how the implementation of collaborative governance principles at TKPK Kota Bandung. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis method to find out the existing condition of ongoing collaboration. The data source is obtained from in-depth interviews, field observations as well as secondary data. The results showed that the principles of collaborative governance by TKPK Kota Bandung have not been optimal. The existence of a special meeting forum is more often very important to build a common understanding of the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder. Optimization of facilitative leadership and institutional design is also indispensable to provide encouragement to the collaboration process that tends to be slow to show temporary results.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Poverty Alleviation Policy: Why Is the Quality of Institutions the Bane in Nigeria?

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-236
Author(s):  
Fisayo Fagbemi ◽  
Babafemi Oladejo ◽  
Opeoluwa Adeniyi Adeosun
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Democratic Accountability ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Weak Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
Governance Practices

This article examines the nexus between the quality of institutions and the poverty in Nigeria over the period 1984–2017, using dynamic least squares, canonical cointegrating regression and vector error correction mechanisms. The analysis based on three institutional measures (bureaucratic quality, democratic accountability and rule of law) reveals how the poverty rate could be escalated by entrenched poor governance. The evidence shows that democratic accountability and rule of law are significant for poverty reduction. This reinforces the assertion that accountability and transparency coupled with strict adherence to rule of law in the public sector are the principal components of poverty alleviation. Also, findings reveal that poverty and weak institutions are interconnected and mutually reinforcing in the country. Overall, the findings posit that poverty is widespread in Nigeria due to capacity constraints of public institutions or underlying governance practices. By implication, the article suggests that policymakers should focus on measures that have the greatest leverage for enhancing effective governance oriented towards poverty reduction and development. In addition, tackling socio-economic inequalities, curbing political unrest and building strong institutions are central to ensuring a socially sustainable basis for holistic welfare improvements.

scholarly journals The Role of Social Media on Tourists’ Behavior: An Empirical Analysis of Millennials from the Czech Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7735
Author(s):  
Mohsin Javed ◽  
Zuzana Tučková ◽  
Abdul Bashiru Jibril
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
The Czech Republic

Due to the emergence of Web 2.0 and consequently the increased use of social media, this study aims to explore the role of social media in changing the behavior of tourists and the choice of a destination. Despite the massive popularity of social media, the studies with a comprehensive set of driving constructs along with indicators of social media regarding the changing behavior of tourists are lacking in the literature. Therefore, framed by the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the present study fulfills this research gap by developing a set of driving constructs and carrying out an empirical analysis by collecting data from millennials in the selected universities of the Czech Republic. Through the non-random sampling technique, precisely convenience sampling, 261 valid responses were received, and partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was performed to achieve the objectives of this study. The results indicate that social media channels have a significant impact on behavioral intention and the actual behavior of tourists (significant direct and indirect effect). The constructs tourist information search and tourism promotion were partially supported toward predicting the behavior of tourists. Control–variables related to socio-economic characteristics such as gender and educational level also have a significant impact in determining the actual behavior of tourists. Hence, overall, the study concludes with the significant and considerable impact of social media on the behavior of tourists. The contributions of the study and future directions are discussed at the end of the paper.

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