scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Poverty Alleviation Policy: Why Is the Quality of Institutions the Bane in Nigeria?

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-236
Author(s):  
Fisayo Fagbemi ◽  
Babafemi Oladejo ◽  
Opeoluwa Adeniyi Adeosun
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Democratic Accountability ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Weak Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
Governance Practices

This article examines the nexus between the quality of institutions and the poverty in Nigeria over the period 1984–2017, using dynamic least squares, canonical cointegrating regression and vector error correction mechanisms. The analysis based on three institutional measures (bureaucratic quality, democratic accountability and rule of law) reveals how the poverty rate could be escalated by entrenched poor governance. The evidence shows that democratic accountability and rule of law are significant for poverty reduction. This reinforces the assertion that accountability and transparency coupled with strict adherence to rule of law in the public sector are the principal components of poverty alleviation. Also, findings reveal that poverty and weak institutions are interconnected and mutually reinforcing in the country. Overall, the findings posit that poverty is widespread in Nigeria due to capacity constraints of public institutions or underlying governance practices. By implication, the article suggests that policymakers should focus on measures that have the greatest leverage for enhancing effective governance oriented towards poverty reduction and development. In addition, tackling socio-economic inequalities, curbing political unrest and building strong institutions are central to ensuring a socially sustainable basis for holistic welfare improvements.

Engineers or Lawyers? Institutions and Demand for Higher Education

2012 ◽  
pp. 30-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Natkhov ◽  
L. Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Transmission Channel ◽  
Demand For Education ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Rules Of The Game

Law and public administration schools in Russia vastly exceed in their popularity sciences and engineering. We relate such lopsided demand for higher education to the quality of institutions setting “rules of the game” in economy and society. Cross-country and Russian interregional data indicate the quality of institutions (rule of law, protection of property rights etc.) is negatively associated with the demand for education in law, and positively — in sciences and engineering. More gifted younger people are particularly sensitive to the quality of institutions in choosing their fields of study, and such selection is an important transmission channel between institutions and economic growth.

scholarly journals Poverty Alleviation Through the Program Slums in the City of Kendari, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Joko Tri Brata ◽  
La Ode Bariun ◽  
Asri Djauhar ◽  
Andi Gusti Tantu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City

The long-term goal of the concept of poverty reduction is to give the same level of welfare for the Indonesian people, and in this research is the development of innovative Models of Poverty Reduction, with the subject on (1) How the application design model of the institutional prevention of poverty through interface Program Quality Improvement of Slums and (2) how the efforts in governance of slum through simulation integration with poverty alleviation. The method used is the description by sharpening the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) about the handling of the slums in the city of Kendari and intervention efforts Increase the quality of housing and slums, so that the governance model can be used in other areas in Southeast Sulawesi.

scholarly journals Collaborative Governance in Poverty Reduction in Bandung City

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riana Permani
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Collaboration Process

The main strategy of poverty alleviation in Bandung is directed to reduce the poverty rate. But the countermeasures that have been done by the relevant parties have not reached the target set. BPS data in 2019 showed the number of poor people reached 84,670 or 3.38% of the total population. In the last five years, the poverty rate has never reached 1% in accordance with the RPJMD target. On the other hand, all parties agree on the importance of building a system of partnership, coordination, and collaboration between local governments, communities, and non-governmental organizations in collaborative governance. The establishment of the Coordination Team for The Acceleration of Poverty Alleviation (TKPK) Kota Bandung became an important forum in achieving the target of reducing poverty rates. This research aims to find out how the implementation of collaborative governance principles at TKPK Kota Bandung. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis method to find out the existing condition of ongoing collaboration. The data source is obtained from in-depth interviews, field observations as well as secondary data. The results showed that the principles of collaborative governance by TKPK Kota Bandung have not been optimal. The existence of a special meeting forum is more often very important to build a common understanding of the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder. Optimization of facilitative leadership and institutional design is also indispensable to provide encouragement to the collaboration process that tends to be slow to show temporary results.

scholarly journals Traditional Values and Institutional Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-58
Author(s):  
Necati Berk ◽  
◽  
Nurbek Madmarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
The World

Why do similar economic and political institutions function differently in various cultures? This paper tries to identify potentially important factors related to the institutional quality. We investigate the relationship between cultures, cultural dimensions: non-tradition in particular, and formal institutions to explain differences in the quality of institutions around the world. We use a measure of traditional values, structured by Inglehart and Baker, from the World Values Survey, to extend the literature on the determinants of institutions’ quality. We show that differences in traditional values are suggestive to explain differences in the quality of institutions across countries. The OLS method is utilized in order to analyze the factors of institutional quality in sixty countries in 2010–2014. In this study, the OLS models are employed in order to understand the key factors of institutional differences among countries in the period of 2010–2014. The empirical model results show that (i) non-tradition is a reliable significant variable with positive contributions on six institutional quality variables, (ii) urbanization has unexpected negative effects on some institutional quality indicators like rule of law, political stability and voice/accountability. However, it has meaningful contribution to control of corruption in the countries, (iii) economic development have increasing impacts on the majority of the institutional quality variables, (iv) while education has positive effects on government effectiveness, political stability and regulation quality, it has negative unexpected impacts on rule of law and voice/accountability, (v) openness has only effects on corruption and political stability, (vi) there are non-linear relationships between dependent variable(s) and independent variables rather than linear relationships

scholarly journals The Spillover Effect of Ecological Environment Protection on Poverty Reduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Danmeng Feng ◽  
Xiang Fan ◽  
Xiaoyuan Chu
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Ecological Indicators ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Correlation Relationship ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Relationship Of

This paper focuses on the spillover effect of the ecological poverty reduction between 30 provinces in China, applying Durbin Model and spatial correlation analysis to find out the interaction between different areas about the ecological indicators on poverty reduction. The result shows that there a high correlation relationship of poverty rate on 30 provinces in China, especially the indicators of Factory Station, Use of Chemical Fertilizers and the proportion of all Rural Population of one region has significant effects on poverty alleviation in surrounding areas, which indicates that for ecological environment view, poverty alleviation in one regions is not only influenced by its own ecological indicators, but also by which in its nearby areas, indicating the ecological poverty alleviation has a spillover effect in China.

scholarly journals Unemployement and Poverty Determinants in Central Java

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-365
Author(s):  
Medha Wardhany
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The People

This study aims to obtain information and results that can be run in programs of poverty alleviation and unemployment in a more effective and efficient in accordance with the expectations of all parties including the people who are still categorized as marginal. This study uses primary data sources derived from secondary data from Susenas and Sakernas for Macro and other related data such as Supas data, and SP 2010, ST2013 and PBDT 2015 for micro data and PODES data for regional support data. The method of analysis in this research is descriptive and explorative analysis of various data and information available. In addition, there will also be some statistical model calculations relevant to this study. The results of the study indicate that the main drivers of poverty reduction are economic factors, including accessibility, for those who do not work to work or those who are already working or trying to earn adequate income, other factors are demography, social, education and skills and environment. Based on the simulation of inflation data also greatly affect the poverty rate, including for some basic commodities such as rice, when inflation is enough large then the poverty rate will tend to increase.  

scholarly journals Democracy and Economic Development: Disentangling the Effect of Elections and Rule of Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-205
Author(s):  
Yassine Bakkar ◽  
Ali Recayi Ögcem
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Convergence ◽  
First Order ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
Islamic Countries

Abstract The article provides evidence on how the political settlements—rule of law and elections—would affect the economic development and enhances the economic growth. It empirically investigates whether democracy affects the economic convergence of countries through the quality of institutions: (i) electoral component of democracy, and (ii) rule of law parameters. Investigations differentiate between Islamic and non-Islamic countries. We find that the elections parameter has a first-order effect on economic development; such a relationship is not confirmed for Islamic countries. Rule of law also influences this relationship, but brings less efficient impact to the economic development. Our results are obtained using a sample of 167 countries over the 2010–2012 period.

scholarly journals TATA KELOLA KOLABORATIF DALAM PENANGGULANGAN KEMISKINAN DI KABUPATEN PINRANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Abdul Rasyid Sahar ◽  
Roy Valiant Salomo
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Collaborative Partnership ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Optimal Program ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Coordination Team

Abstract, In SDGs regime, collaborative partnership used to reduce poverty. The rise of collaborative governance discourse is just because an involvement of the multiple stakeholders in multiple organizations across multiple jurisdictions who has it’s own understanding of the problem and solution differently. In this paper, we examine the implementation of collaborative governance and it's affected factors in Pinrang's poverty alleviation. Since 2016, local government initiated The Poverty Reduction Department (Bagian Penanggulangan Kemiskinan) as a special board for eradicating poverty by an integrative framework for collaborative governance. This board intended to assist on the Regional Poverty Alleviation Coordination Team (TKPKD), to integrate a number of poverty alleviation program, and also to merge the database differences between The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and TKPKD. However, while BPK has an important role to play, there are many conditions and settings that bother for driving progressively cyclical or iterative interactions between multiple stakeholders. In addition, the Pinrang poverty rate was increased in 2016 period. BPS announced that the number of people living below the poverty line was 256.054 in 2017 or 8,5 percent of the total population. This study argues that a lack of leadership and capacity buildings shape the prospects for and challenges of initiating and sustaining collaborative governance in Pinrang’s poverty alleviation program.Keywords: Collaborative Governance, Poverty Allevation Program, Local GovernmentAbstrak, Dalam rezim SDG’s, pendekatan untuk mengentaskan kemiskinan adalah collaborative partnership. Diskursus ini mengemuka karena kemiskinan merupakan isu multisektoral yang dinamis dan kompleks. Pemetaan solusinya pun merujuk pada pelibatan berbagai jenjang organisasi, multidispilin, dan lintas yurisdiksi. Penelitian ini akan meninjau penerapan dan faktor yang berpengaruh pada tata kelola kolaboratif dalam penanggulangan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Pinrang dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis. Pada 2016, sebagai momentum reformasi birokrasi, Pemerintah Pinrang membentuk OPD yang khusus concern dalam menanggulangi kemiskinan melalui kerangka kolaboratif antar jenjang pemerintahan dan pihak non pemerintah untuk mangakomodasi peran TKPKD Pinrang yang tidak optimal, program kemiskinan yang tidak terintegrasi, dan perbedaan Basis Data Kemiskinan (BPS-TNP2K) yang menjadi rujukan pemerintah daerah. Namun demikian, meskipun penerapan tata kelola kolaboratif diarus utamakan dalam penanggulangan kemiskinan, tetapi belum sepenuhnya menjadi solusi alternatif terhadap tingkat kemiskinan daerah yang masih konsisten di angka 8,5%. Sampai pada tahun 2017, realisasi target angka kemiskinan Pinrang belum terwujud di angka 6%. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tidak optimalnya pembangunan dimensi trust dan mutual understanding sebagai salah satu komponen esensial, juga, kapasitas pemimpin kolaborasi menjadi variabel penentu menghambat proses kolaborasi ke tingkat yang lebih iteratif dan dinamis (collaborative dynamics).Kata kunci:    Collaborative Governance, Penanggulangan Kemiskinan, Pemerintahan Lokal 

scholarly journals Reducing Regional Poverty Rate in Central Java

JEJAK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jaka Sriyana
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
The Right

This paper elaborates some appropriate policies regarding regional poverty reduction in Central Java province. This research estimates a poverty model based on a set of panel data comprising 29 regencies and six cities from 2011 to 2016. A fixed-effect model presents that poverty rate has a negative association with regional economic growth, minimum wage level, number of unemployment, and the quality of human resources. The higher number of population significantly decreases poverty rate in each region. Also, this study indicates that there is more poverty rate in the eastern region than that in the west region.  Moreover, the percentage of the poverty rate in regencies remains higher than the level in the cities. Overall, these results indicate that the local governments have successfully managed the poverty issues in among regencies and cities. This research finds that local governments are on the right way in their public policies in the development process. For more effective in poverty reduction, the local governments in the eastern region have to improve their human resources quality.

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