scholarly journals Chemical Compounds Identification and Antioxidant and Calcium Oxalate Anticrystallization Activities of Punica granatum L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rabie Kachkoul ◽  
Tarik Squalli Houssaini ◽  
Mohamed Mohim ◽  
Radouane El Habbani ◽  
Anissa Lahrichi
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Dpph Method

The plant Punica granatum L. has several biological activities and a great curative and preventive power against chronic diseases. For this purpose, the objective of this work is to valorize the fruit peel of this plant in the field of phytomedicine, by quantifying and identifying its bioactive compounds and by evaluating their antioxidant and anticrystallization activities against calcium oxalate. This comparative study has been carried out by hydroalcoholic extract (E.PG) and infusion (I.PG) of the plant. The quantification of the phenolic compounds has been performed by spectrophotometric methods, and the chemical species identification has been performed by UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS. Moreover, the examination of the antioxidant activity has been executed by both methods of DPPH and FRAP. The crystallization inhibition has been studied in vitro by the turbidimetric model. The characterization of the synthesized crystals has been accomplished by microscopic observation and by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The results found show the comparable importance of the two plant extracts in the elimination of free radicals; the values of the half maximal inhibitory concentration “IC50” obtained are in the order of 60.87 ± 0.27 and 59.91 ± 0.83 μg/mL by the DPPH method and in the order of 42.17 ± 7.46 and 79.77 ± 6.91 μg/mL by the FRAP method, for both E.PG and I.PG, respectively. Furthermore, the inhibition percentages of calcium oxalate crystallization are in the range of 98.11 ± 0.17 and 98.22 ± 0.71% against the nucleation and in the order of 88.98 ± 0.98 and 88.78 ± 2.48% against the aggregation, for E.PG and I.PG, respectively. These results prove the richness of the plant in bioactive compounds, offering an antioxidant and anticrystallization capacity; therefore, it can be used in the treatment and/or the prevention of stone formation.

scholarly journals FRUIT PEEL EXTRACTS WITH POTENTIAL FOR DISSOLVING SIMULATED RENAL STONES IN IN VITRO CONDITIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Karuna Sree Varicola ◽  
Amreen Siddiqua A. ◽  
Keerthi Dintyala ◽  
Gandhi Ventrapati
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Malus Pumila ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Musa Sapientum

Objective: To evaluate the antiurolithiatic activity of selected fruit peels on simulated renal stones in in vitro conditions.Methods: Simulated renal stones were prepared by homogenous precipitation method. The criterion selected was to estimate the amount of calcium oxalate remaining in the semi-permeable membranes by Kramer and Tisdal method with slight modification. A suitable media was provided by TRIS buffer.Results: The crude methanol extract of Musa sapientum exhibited highest dissolution of calcium oxalate ie.9.15 mg and the percent dissolved was found to be 91.5% in comparison to Malus pumila methanol extract which dissolved 8.96 mg (89.6%) and Punica granatum methanol extract which dissolved 8.0 mg (80.0%). Its activity was comparable with that of standard drug Tamsulosin hydrochloride (400 mg) with a percentage dissolved of about 90.5%.Conclusion: Experimental evidence showed that methanol and aqueous fruit peel extracts of Musa sapientum, Malus pumila, and Punica granatum possess potential antiurolithiatic activity. Their effect is found to be significant and the extracts can be used in the treatment of lithiasis.

scholarly journals Extraction of bioactive compounds from Curcuma longa L. using deep eutectic solvents: In vitro and in vivo biological activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 102697
Author(s):  
Grazielle Oliveira ◽  
Caroline Marques ◽  
Anielle de Oliveira ◽  
Amanda de Almeida dos Santos ◽  
Wanderlei do Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents

scholarly journals In Vivo Entombment of Bacteria and Fungi during Calcium Oxalate, Brushite and Struvite Urolithiasis

Kidney360 ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 10.34067/KID.0006942020
Author(s):  
Jessica J. Saw ◽  
Mayandi Sivaguru ◽  
Elena M. Wilson ◽  
Yiran Dong ◽  
Robert A. Sanford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Struvite Stones

Background: Human kidney stones form via repeated events of mineral precipitation, partial dissolution and reprecipitation, which are directly analogous to similar processes in other natural and man-made environments where resident microbiomes strongly influence biomineralization. High-resolution microscopy and high-fidelity metagenomic (microscopy-to-omics) analyses, applicable to all forms of biomineralization, have been applied to assemble definitive evidence of in vivo microbiome entombment during urolithiasis. Methods: Stone fragments were collected from a randomly chosen cohort of 20 patients using standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that 18 of these patients were calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone formers, while one patient each formed brushite and struvite stones. This apportionment is consistent with global stone mineralogy distributions. Stone fragments from 7 of these 20 patients (5 CaOx, 1 brushite and 1 struvite) were thin sectioned and analyzed using brightfield (BF), polarization (POL), confocal, superresolution autofluorescence (SRAF) and Raman techniques. DNA from remaining fragments, grouped according to each of the 20 patients, were analyzed with amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene sequences (V1-V3, V3-V5) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS1, ITS2) regions. Results: Bulk entombed DNA was sequenced from stone fragments in 11 of the 18 CaOx patients, as well as the brushite and struvite patients. These analyses confirmed the presence of an entombed low-diversity community of bacteria and fungi, including Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Aspergillus niger. Bacterial cells ~1  µm in diameter were also optically observed to be entombed and well-preserved in amorphous hydroxyapatite spherules and fans of needle-like crystals of brushite and struvite. Conclusions: These results indicate a microbiome is entombed during in vivo CaOx stone formation. Similar processes are implied for brushite and struvite stones. This evidence lays the groundwork for future in vitro and in vivo experimentation to determine how the microbiome may actively and/or passively influence kidney stone biomineralization.

Composition and Potential Health Benefits of Pomegranate: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 1817-1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Vučić ◽  
Milkica Grabež ◽  
Armen Trchounian ◽  
Aleksandra Arsić
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Comprehensive Search

Background:: Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruits are widely consumed and used as preventive and therapeutic agents since ancient times. Pomegranate is a rich source of a variety of phytochemicals, which are responsible for its strong antioxidative and anti-inflammatory potential. Objective:: The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the current knowledge of chemical structure and potential health benefits of pomegranate. Method: : A comprehensive search of available literature. Results:: The review of the literature confirms that juice and extracts obtained from different parts of this plant, including fruit peel, seeds, and leaves exert health benefits in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antimicrobial and anti-tumour effects of pomegranate fruit are of particular scientific and clinical interest. Conclusion:: Further investigations are required to clarify the mechanism of action of the bioactive ingredients and to reveal full potential of pomegranate as both preventive and therapeutic agent.

scholarly journals Enhanced Recovery of Antioxidant Compounds from Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Involucre Based on Extraction Optimization: Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusu ◽  
Fizeșan ◽  
Pop ◽  
Gheldiu ◽  
Mocan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Cancerous Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Corylus Avellana L

Tree nut by-products could contain a wide range of phytochemicals, natural antioxidants, which might be used as a natural source for dietary supplements. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phenolic and sterolic composition, as well as the antioxidant and other biological activities, of hazelnut involucre (HI) extracts. Experimental designs were developed in order to select the optimum extraction conditions (solvent, temperature, time) using turbo-extraction by Ultra-Turrax for obtaining extracts rich in bioactive compounds. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS and they revealed important amounts of individual polyphenols and phytosterols, molecules with antioxidant potential. The richest polyphenolic HI extract with the highest antioxidant activity by TEAC assay was further evaluated by other in vitro antioxidant tests (DPPH, FRAP) and enzyme inhibitory assays. Additionally, the cytotoxic and antioxidant effects of this extract on two cancerous cell lines and on normal cells were tested. This is the first study to analyze the composition of both hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive compounds in HI extracts. Our findings reveal that this plant by-product presents strong biological activities, justifying further research, and it could be considered an inexpensive source of natural antioxidants for food, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic industry.

The Effect of Ethane-1-Hydroxy-1,1-Diphosphonate (EHDP) on Calcium Oxalate Crystalluria in Recurrent Renal Stone-Formers

1974 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Robertson ◽  
M. Peacock ◽  
R. W. Marshall ◽  
F. Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Sodium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Stone ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Stone Formers

1. The volume, size and type of calcium oxalate crystals excreted in the urine of a group of patients with recurrent ‘idiopathic’ stones were studied on a controlled basal diet, after an oral supplement of sodium oxalate and after oral administration of ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP) for 4 weeks. 2. Before administration of EHDP the stone-formers passed the large crystals and aggregates of calcium oxalate dihydrate characteristic of recurrent calcium oxalate stone-formers. For the same level of urine saturation and crystalluria EHDP caused a significant reduction in the proportion of large crystals and aggregates excreted. Studies by light-microscopy confirmed that EHDP caused a striking change in the size and habit of calcium oxalate crystals in some but not all of the urine samples examined. 3. The decrease in average crystal size during the administration of EHDP was attributed to the observed increase in the ability of urine to inhibit the growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate crystals as measured by a growth system in vitro. 4. The possible use of EHDP as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of calcium oxalate stone-formation is discussed.

Impact of ultrasound-assisted extraction and solvent composition on bioactive compounds and in vitro biological activities of thyme and rosemary

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 109242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo E.S. Munekata ◽  
Cristina Alcántara ◽  
Tihana Žugčić ◽  
Radhia Abdelkebir ◽  
María Carmen Collado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Solvent Composition ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted
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