Physiological Responses and Proteomic Analysis on the Cold Stress Responses of Annual Pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) Branches

In this study, the physiological response of the annual branches of three varieties of pitaya (Xianmi, Fulong, and Zihonglong) in cold stress was investigated using a multivariate statistical method. Physiological change results showed that cold stress could decrease the moisture and chlorophyll contents, on the contrary, increase the relative electric conductivity, the contents of malonadehyde, soluble protein, soluble sugar, and free proline, and enhance the enzyme activities of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. Meanwhile, a comparative proteomic approach was also conducted to clarify the cold resistance-related proteins and pathways in annual pitaya branches. Proteomics results concluded that the cold tolerance of annual pitaya branches could be improved by modulating autophagy. Therefore, we hypothesized that an increased autophagy ability may be an important characteristic of the annual pitaya branches in response to cold stress conditions. Our results provide a good understanding of the physiological responses and molecular mechanisms of the annual pitaya branches in response to cold stress.

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Characterization of Biological Pathways Regulating Acute Cold Resistance of Zebrafish

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22063028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 3028

Author(s):

Jing Ren ◽

Yong Long ◽

Ran Liu ◽

Guili Song ◽

Qing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Cold Resistance ◽

Biological Pathways ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Zebrafish Larvae ◽

P53 Signaling ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein

Low temperature stress represents a major threat to the lives of both farmed and wild fish species. However, biological pathways determining the development of cold resistance in fish remain largely unknown. Zebrafish larvae at 96 hpf were exposed to lethal cold stress (10 °C) for different time periods to evaluate the adverse effects at organism, tissue and cell levels. Time series RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) experiments were performed to delineate the transcriptomic landscape of zebrafish larvae under cold stress and during the subsequent rewarming phase. The genes regulated by cold stress were characterized by progressively enhanced or decreased expression, whereas the genes associated with rewarming were characterized by rapid upregulation upon return to normal temperature (28 °C). Genes such as trib3, dusp5 and otud1 were identified as the representative molecular markers of cold-induced damages through network analysis. Biological pathways involved in cold stress responses were mined from the transcriptomic data and their functions in regulating cold resistance were validated using specific inhibitors. The autophagy, FoxO and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathways were revealed to be survival pathways for enhancing cold resistance, while apoptosis and necroptosis were the death pathways responsible for cold-induced mortality. Functional mechanisms of the survival-enhancing factors Foxo1, ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) and p38 MAPK were further characterized by inhibiting their activities upon cold stress and analyzing gene expression though RNA-seq. These factors were demonstrated to determine the cold resistance of zebrafish through regulating apoptosis and p53 signaling pathway. These findings have provided novel insights into the stress responses elicited by lethal cold and shed new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying cold resistance of fish.

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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Gene Modules Associated with Cold Tolerance in Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s00344-021-10437-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xing Huang ◽

Yongsheng Liang ◽

Baoqing Zhang ◽

Xiupeng Song ◽

Yangrui Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Cold Tolerance ◽

Cold Resistance ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Resistance Mechanism ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Calcium Signal ◽

Protein Kinase Activity ◽

Comparative Transcriptome ◽

Climate Conditions

AbstractSugarcane is an important crop worldwide, and most sugar is derived directly from sugarcane. Due to its thermophilic nature, the yield of sugarcane is largely influenced by extreme climate conditions, especially cold stress. Therefore, the development of sugarcane with improved cold tolerance is an important goal. However, little is known about the multiple mechanisms underlying cold acclimation at the bud stage in sugarcane. In this study, we emphasized that sensitivity to cold stress was higher for the sugarcane variety ROC22 than for GT42, as determined by physical signs, including bud growth capacity, relative conductivity, malonaldehyde contents, and soluble sugar contents. To understand the factors contributing to the difference in cold tolerance between ROC22 and GT42, comparative transcriptome analyses were performed. We found that genes involved in the regulation of the stability of the membrane system were the relative determinants of difference in cold tolerance. Additionally, genes related to protein kinase activity, starch metabolism, and calcium signal transduction were associated with cold tolerance. Finally, 25 candidate genes, including 23 variety-specific and 2 common genes, and 7 transcription factors were screened out for understanding the possible cold resistance mechanism. The findings of this study provide candidate gene resources for cold resistance and will improve our understanding of the regulation of cold tolerance at the bud stage in sugarcane.

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Overexpression of SgGH3.1 from Fine-Stem Stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis var. intermedia) Enhances Chilling and Cold Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12091367 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1367

Author(s):

Ming Jiang ◽

Long-Long Ma ◽

Huai-An Huang ◽

Shan-Wen Ke ◽

Chun-Sheng Gui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Pasture Legumes ◽

Cold Tolerant ◽

Whole Transcriptome ◽

Altered Sensitivity ◽

Exogenous Iaa

Stylosanthes (stylo) species are commercially significant tropical and subtropical forage and pasture legumes that are vulnerable to chilling and frost. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms behind stylos’ responses to low temperature stress. Gretchen-Hagen 3 (GH3) proteins have been extensively investigated in many plant species for their roles in auxin homeostasis and abiotic stress responses, but none have been reported in stylos. SgGH3.1, a cold-responsive gene identified in a whole transcriptome profiling study of fine-stem stylo (S. guianensis var. intermedia) was further investigated for its involvement in cold stress tolerance. SgGH3.1 shared a high percentage of identity with 14 leguminous GH3 proteins, ranging from 79% to 93%. Phylogenetic analysis classified SgGH3.1 into Group Ⅱ of GH3 family, which have been proven to involve with auxins conjugation. Expression profiling revealed that SgGH3.1 responded rapidly to cold stress in stylo leaves. Overexpression of SgGH3.1 in Arabidopsis thaliana altered sensitivity to exogenous IAA, up-regulated transcription of AtCBF1-3 genes, activated physiological responses against cold stress, and enhanced chilling and cold tolerances. This is the first report of a GH3 gene in stylos, which not only validated its function in IAA homeostasis and cold responses, but also gave insight into breeding of cold-tolerant stylos.

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Antioxidant Responses and Gene Expression in Bermudagrass under Cold Stress

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.139.6.699 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 139 (6) ◽

pp. 699-705 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Jibiao Fan ◽

Jing Ren ◽

Weixi Zhu ◽

Erick Amombo ◽

Jinmin Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Molecular Alteration ◽

Antioxidant Genes ◽

Dramatic Decline ◽

Malondialdehyde Content ◽

Key Factor

Cold stress is a key factor limiting resource use in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon). Under cold stress, bermudagrass growth is severely inhibited and the leaves undergo chlorosis. Therefore, rigorous investigation on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of cold stress in this turf species is urgent. The objective of this study was to investigate the physiological and molecular alteration in wild bermudagrass under cold stress, particularly the changes of transpiration rate, soluble sugar content, enzyme activities, and expression of antioxidant genes. Wild bermudagrass (C. dactylon) was planted in plastic pots (each 10 cm tall and 8 cm in diameter) filled with matrix (brown coal soil:sand 1:1) and treated with 4 °C in a growth chamber. The results displayed a dramatic decline in the growth and transpiration rates of the wild bermudagrass under 4 °C temperature. Simultaneously, cold severely destabilized the cell membrane as indicated by increased malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage value. Superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities were higher in the cold regime than the control. The expression of antioxidant genes including MnSOD, Cu/ZnSOD, POD, and APX was vividly up-regulated after cold stress. In summary, our results contributed to the understanding of the role of the antioxidant system in bermudagrass’ response to cold.

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The Wheat Aquaporin Gene TaAQP7 Confers Tolerance to Cold Stress in Transgenic Tobacco

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.5560/znc.2013-0079 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (3-4) ◽

pp. 142-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Chao Huang ◽

Shiyi Zhou ◽

Wei Hu ◽

Xiaomin Deng ◽

Shuya Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Transgenic Tobacco ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Membrane Damage ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Ion Leakage ◽

Chlorophyll Contents ◽

Aquaporin Gene

Aquaporin proteins (AQPs) have been shown to be involved in abiotic stress responses. However, the precise role of AQPs, especially in response to cold stress, is not understood in wheat (Triticum aestivum). In the present study, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that TaAQP7 expression increased in leaves, but decreased in roots after cold treatment. Expression of TaAQP7 in tobacco plants resulted in increased root elongation and better growth compared with wild-type (WT) plants under cold stress. Moreover, after cold treatment, the transgenic tobacco lines exhibited higher chlorophyll contents, lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and less ion leakage (IL) than WT plants. Thus, expression of TaAQP7 enhanced cold stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. Taken together, our results suggest that TaAQP7 confers cold stress tolerance by relieving membrane damage in the transgenic plants.

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Physiological and transcriptome analysis of Poa pratensis var. anceps cv. Qinghai in response to cold stress

10.21203/rs.3.rs-25290/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wenke Dong ◽

Xiang Ma ◽

Hanyu Jiang ◽

Chunxu Zhao ◽

Huiling Ma

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Cold Resistance ◽

Poa Pratensis ◽

Tca Cycle ◽

Sucrose Metabolism ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

Glutathione Metabolism ◽

Cold Response

Abstract Background Low temperature limits the growth and geographical distribution of plants. Poa pratensis is a cool-season turfgrass mainly grown in urban areas. However, low winter temperature or cold events in spring and autumn may cause P.pratensis mortality, affecting the appearance of lawns. P.pratensis var. anceps cv. Qinghai (PQ) is widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau above 3000 m. PQ has greater cold resistance than the commercially cultivated P.pratensis varieties. However, existing studies on the response mechanism of PQ to low temperatures have mainly focused on physiological and biochemical perspectives, while changes in the PQ transcriptome during the response to cold stress have not been reported. Results To investigate the molecular mechanism of the PQ cold response and identify genes to improve the low-temperature resistance of P.pratensis, we analyzed and compared the transcriptomes of PQ and the cold-sensitive P.pratensis cv. ‘Baron’ (PB) under cold stress using RNA sequencing. We identified 4878 and 1871 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the treatment vs control comparison of PQ and PB, respectively, with 4494 DEGs specific to PQ. Based on the DEGs, important Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, such as “starch and sucrose metabolism”, “protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum”, “phenylalanine metabolism” and “glycolysis/gluconeogenesis” were significantly enriched in PQ, and “starch and sucrose metabolism”, “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “galactose metabolism” and “glutathione metabolism” were significantly enriched in PB. In addition, the “glycolysis” and “citrate cycle (TCA cycle)” pathways were identified as involved in cold resistance of P.pratensis. Conclusions As we know, this is the first study to explore the transcriptome of P.pratensis var. anceps cv. Qinghai. Our study not noly provides important insights into the molecular mechanisms of P.pratensis var. anceps cv. Qinghai responds to cold stress, but also systematically reveals the changes of key genes and products of glycolysis and TCA cycle in response to cold stress, which is conductive to the breeding of cold-resistant P.pratensis genotype.

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Fast weight recovery, metabolic rate adjustment and gene-expression regulation define responses of cold-stressed honey bee brood

10.1101/2020.06.15.152389 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Leonor Ramirez ◽

Facundo Luna ◽

Claudio Andoni Mucci ◽

Lorenzo Lamattina

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Rate ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Honey Bee ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Gene Expression Regulation ◽

Uncoupling Protein ◽

Late Winter ◽

Adipokinetic Hormone ◽

Regulatory Pathways

ABSTRACTIn temperate climates, low ambient temperatures in late winter and in spring can result in cold stress conditions in brood areas of weakened honey bee colonies, leading to increased levels of developmental interruptions and death of the brood. Very little is known about the physiological and molecular mechanisms that regulate honey bee brood responses to acute cold-stress. Here, we hypothesized that central regulatory pathways mediated by insulin/insulin-like peptide signalling (IIS) and adipokinetic hormone (AKH) are linked to metabolic changes in cold-stressed honey bee brood. A. mellifera brood reared at suboptimal temperatures showed diminished growth rate and arrested development progress. Notably, cold-stressed brood rapidly recovers the growth in the first 24 h after returning at control rearing temperature, sustained by the induction of compensatory mechanisms. We determined fast changes in the expression of components of IIS and AKH pathways in cold-stressed brood supporting their participation in metabolic events, growth and stress responses. We also showed that metabolic rate keeps high in brood exposed to stress suggesting a role in energy supply for growth and cell repair. Additionally, transcript levels of the uncoupling protein MUP2 were elevated in cold-stressed brood, suggesting a role for heat generation through mitochondrial decoupling mechanisms and/or ROS attenuation. Physiological, metabolic and molecular mechanisms that shape the responses to cold-stress in honey bee brood are addressed and discussed.

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Comparative Analysis of Transcriptome Responses to Cold Stress in Galeruca daurica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Journal of Insect Science ◽

10.1093/jisesa/iez109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-Rong Zhou ◽

Yan-Min Shan ◽

Yao Tan ◽

Zhuo-Ran Zhang ◽

Bao-Ping Pang

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

Fatty Acid Synthase ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

De Novo ◽

Transcriptome Assembly ◽

Glucose Dehydrogenase ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Cuticle Protein

Abstract Galeruca daurica (Joannis) has become a new insect pest in the Inner Mongolia grasslands since 2009, and its larvae and eggs have strong cold tolerance. To get a deeper insight into its molecular mechanisms of cold stress responses, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly for G. daurica by RNA-Seq and compared the transcriptomes of its larvae exposed to five different temperature treatments (−10, −5, 0, 5, and 25°C for 1 h and then recovered at 25°C for 1 h), respectively. Compared with the control (25°C), the numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) decreased from 1,821 to 882, with the temperature declining from 5 to −10°C. Moreover, we obtained 323 coregulated DEGs under different low temperatures. Under four low temperatures (−10, −5, 0, and 5°C), a large number of genes were commonly upregulated during recovery from cold stresses, including those related to cuticle protein, followed by cytochrome P450, clock protein, fatty acid synthase, and fatty acyl-CoA reductase; meanwhile, lots of genes encoding cuticle protein, RNA replication protein, RNA-directed DNA polymerase, and glucose dehydrogenase were commonly downregulated. Our findings provide important clues for further investigations of key genes and molecular mechanisms involved in the adaptation of G. daurica to harsh environments.

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Effects of Cold Stress on the Photosynthesis and Antioxidant System of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.

10.20944/preprints201703.0131.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaofu Zhou ◽

Silin Chen ◽

Hui Wu ◽

Hongwei Xu

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Cold Resistance ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Photochemical Efficiency ◽

Resistance Mechanisms ◽

Photochemical Quenching ◽

Control Group ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters

Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall., live in Changbai Mountain being exposed to chilling temperature, high light intensities and water scarcity condition. To adapt to the harsh environment, the cold resistance mechanisms of R. chrysanthum have been successfully evolved in the long-term adaptive process. In our present work, the methods of proteomics combined with physiological and biochemical analyses were used to investigate the effects of cold stress on the photosynthesis and antioxidant system of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. and the molecular mechanisms involved in cold resistance of plants. A total of 153 photosynthesis related proteins were identified in present work, of which 7 proteins including Rubisco large subunit (rbcL) were up-regulated in experiment group (EG) compared with control group (CG). Simultaneously, four chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured in present study. The results showed that the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), actual quantum yield of PSII (Y(II)) and photochemical quenching (qP) were significantly higher in EG, whereas the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was notably decreased. Cold stress could lead to a significant reduction in electron transport rate (ETR) accompanied with an increase in excitation pressure (1-qP). The abundance of PetE which involved in the plants photosynthetic electron transfer was also significantly influenced by cold stress. Moreover, the up-regulated expressions and higher levels of enzymatic activities of Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and Ascorbate peroxidases (APXs) were detected in EG. All these changes which can help plants to survive in low temperature are considered as the crucial parts of cold tolerance mechanisms. These results revealed that photosynthesis and redox adjustment play significant roles in the defense of cold-induced damage.

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Comparative Study on Cold Resistance Physiology of Red Pulp Pitaya and White Pulp Pitaya

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201913101113 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 131 ◽

pp. 01113

Author(s):

Yan Gong ◽

Xiaoyi Bi ◽

Lijun Deng ◽

Juan Hu ◽

Shan Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Cold Resistance ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

White Pulp ◽

White Crystal ◽

Soluble Protein Content ◽

Malondialdehyde Content ◽

Red Pulp

The red pulp pitaya variety ’Taiwan No. 2’ and the white pulp pitaya variety ’white crystal’ were used as experimental materials, which were cold stressed at low temperature of 3 °C for 48h, 96h, and recovering at room temperature after 96h cold stress for control. The relative conductivity (REC), malondialdehyde content (MDA), soluble sugar content (SS), soluble protein content (SP), free proline content (Pro), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were determined and the cold resistance were analyzed. The results showed that, after cold stress, the SP, Pro content and SOD and CAT activities of ’White Crystal’ pitaya were higher than that of ’Taiwan No. 2’ pitaya. It showed that the cold resistance of ’White Crystal’ white pulp pitaya was stronger than that of ’Taiwan No. 2’ red pulp pitaya.

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