scholarly journals Beekeeping Production System, Challenges, and Opportunities in Selected Districts of South Wollo Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Addisu Bihonegn ◽  
Desalegn Begna
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Colony Number ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
And Training ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Home Consumption

The study was conducted in Tehulederie, Kalu, and Dessie Zuria districts of South Wollo Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia, to assess the current beekeeping production system with available opportunities and challenges facing the beekeeping subsector. The districts were purposively selected based on potential and accessibility and then stratified into lowland, midland, and highland. In total, 135 beekeepers, of which 126 were males and 9 were females, were interviewed using a pretested semistructured questionnaire. The result revealed that beekeeping is actively practiced by the community regardless of age and sex. Three beekeeping production systems, that is, traditional, transitional, and movable frame hive, have been identified, accounting for 80%, 4%, and 16%, respectively. More than 80% of total bee colonies are managed being placed in the backyard. Besides, the study indicated that about 79% of the beekeepers keep bees primarily for income generation and home consumption. According to this study, the average bee colony holding size is 5.13 per a beekeeper. Also, this study identified that the swarm catching method is the major source of bee colony accounting for more than 45% to start beekeeping and 76% to increase existing colony number. Bee colony decline, absconding and swarming, honeybee pests and predators, and lack of training and extension were identified as major beekeeping challenges in the study areas. This study identified the beekeeping production system, opportunities, and challenges of the study areas and has significantly contributed to our knowledge and identified lack of extension and training as intervention areas. Therefore, practical beekeeping training and extension should get primary emphasis to combat the existing challenges.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF HONEY PRODUCTION SYSTEM, CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN SELECTED KEBELES OF HAWASSA CITY ADMINISTRATION, ETHIOPIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Dinku Negash ◽  
Bereket Mengeste
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
City Administration ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Good Market ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Home Consumption ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study was intended to assess honey production system, constraints and opportunities in selected kebeles of Hawassa city administration, sidama zone in 2018/19. Production limitation has resulted with a significant complain among the beekeepers and all concerned bodies regarding the possible threat for decreasing honey production in the area. Cross-sectional types of studies were used to collect data. 20 beekeepers were selected from each kebeles using purposive sampling method to conduct formal survey with semi-structured questionnaire making a total of 100 interviewed bee keepers. The main purpose of keeping honey bees were for both income generation and home consumption. The main sources of the foundation colony were catching swarm (80%) and gift from parents (20%). Most (40%) of the beekeepers in the study area have owned only traditional hives and all the three types of hive owned (32%). Beekeepers in the study area prevent the incidence of swarming by return back to the colony (56%), removal of queen cell (16%) and cutting of combs (28%). The average amount of honey harvested per hive per year from traditional hive, transitional and frame hive was 5.6±1.49kg, 11.9±3.15kg and 10.8±2.91kg, respectively. There was (p<0.05) no variations in the five representing kebeles in honey yield/hive/year in traditional, transitional and frame hives. Beekeepers of the study area sold the honey at the nearby market (92%) and major marketing place (8%). According to the respondents, they mostly sold the honey to consumer (64%) and tej house (28%). The most important constraints of beekeeping in the study kebels were lack of Absconding (1st), Lack of training (2nd), Pests and predators (3rd), Lack of extension services (4th), Agro-chemicals (5th), Lack of cooperative (6th), Swarming (7 th) and Lack of beekeeping equipment (8th) Lack of bee colonies (9th), Lack of good market (10th), Drought (11th) and Shortages of bee forages (12th). In order to address the skill gap on honey production system and post-harvest handling of hive products practical training on bee and bee products management should be given.

scholarly journals Pricing and inventory control decisions in the stochastic hybrid production systems with multiple recovery options

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Esmaeili ◽  
F. Naseri ◽  
M. Seifbarghy ◽  
T. Heydari
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Inventory Control ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
High Price ◽  
Sale Price ◽  
Hybrid Production ◽  
Bee Colony

Although pricing and inventory control are crucial decisions in each production system, these decisions investigate separately. This paper considers pricing and inventory control decisions simultaneously as a hybrid production system. The hybrid production system with two recovery options, remanufacturing and refurbishing are presented. The demand follows Poisson distribution, which depends on the sale price of each product. Returned products arrive according to a Poisson process. Each returned product can be remanufactured, refurbished, or disposed of. The time to manufacturing, refurbishing, and remanufacturing a product also follows an exponential distribution. By modeling the system as a Markov chain, the long-run expected profit function is derived as a function of the dispose –down-to level of returned products and the order-up-to level and the sale price of serviceable products 1 and 2. Considering pricing and inventory control decisions simultaneously with remanufacturing and refurbishing returned products creates a three-dimensional state space of the Markov Chain with dependence, the sale price of products. Due to the complexity of the model (mixed integer nonlinear programming), the Artificial Bee Colony(ABC)algorithm and complete search method are used. The results show that by increasing the purchase price of returned products, the amount of returned products will increase. If the refurbishing cost of the return products is high or the disposal cost is low, less inventory should be kept in the system with a high price of serviceable products. If the lost sale cost is high, the more inventory should be maintained. Moreover, by decreasing the price elasticity of demand, the customer’s demand is increased, and then more inventory should be kept in the system.

scholarly journals Enhancing Seed Health for Organic Vegetable Production Systems: Challenges and Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Leopold M. Nyochembeng
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Organic Vegetable Production ◽  
Seedborne Pathogens

Organic vegetable production is a rapidly expanding segment within the fast growing organic sector of agricultural production. Although pests and diseases remain a challenge in organic production, the growth and expansion of this system is dependent on sustained use of good quality organic seed. Due to the limited supply of organic seed, the National Organic Program (NOP) allows the use of untreated conventional seed in organic production of vegetables and other crops. Conventional seed derives from a high input production system using synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. They also offer many varieties and are readily available at a much lower price compared to organic seed. Organic systems demand cultivars with different characteristics often absent in conventional cultivars, and this need begins with the seed. It is not common practice for farmers to test or sanitize seed before planting. Consequently, the use of such conventional seeds, which may not be well adapted to the low input organic production system, could favor disease susceptibility, establishment of seedborne pathogens especially in vegetables and their subsequent dissemination in the organic production system. Our overall goal is to improve organic vegetable crop health and production in the southeastern U.S. through application of sustainable seed health management and help limit seed borne infections, transmission and dissemination in organic vegetable production fields.

scholarly journals Pacing in Time-Limited Ultramarathons from 6 to 24 Hours—The Aspects of Age, Sex and Performance Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2705
Author(s):  
Hagen Deusch ◽  
Pantelis T. Nikolaidis ◽  
José Ramón Alvero-Cruz ◽  
Thomas Rosemann ◽  
Beat Knechtle
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
And Training ◽  
Age And Sex

(1) Background: Compared with marathon races, pacing in time-limited ultramarathons has only been poorly discussed in the literature. The aim of the present study was to analyze the interaction of performance level, age and sex with pacing during 6 h, 12 h or 24 h time-limited ultramarathons. (2) Methods: Participants (n = 937, age 48.62 ± 11.80 years) were the finishers in 6 h (n = 40, 17 women and 23 men), 12 h (n = 232, 77 women and 155 men) and 24 h (n = 665, 166 women and 409 men) ultramarathons. The coefficient of variation (CV), calculated as SD/mean, was used to described pacing. Low scores of CV denoted a more even pacing, and vice versa. A two-way analysis of variance examined the main effects and interactions of sex and race duration on age, race speed and pacing. (3) Results: More men participated in the longer race distances than in the shorter ones and men were older and faster than women. Comparing the 6 h, 12 h and 24 h races, the finishers in the 6 h were the fastest, the finishers in the 12 h were the oldest and the finishers in the 24 h showed the most variable pacing. Furthermore, the faster running speed in the 12 h (women, r = −0.64; men, r = −0.49, p < 0.001) and the 24 h (r = −0.47 in women and men, p < 0.001) was related to less variable pacing. (4) Conclusions: These data might help runners and coaches to choose the the proper duration of a race and training programs for their athletes.

scholarly journals Sublethal concentrations of clothianidin affect honey bee colony growth and hive CO2 concentration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Meikle ◽  
John J. Adamczyk ◽  
Milagra Weiss ◽  
Janie Ross ◽  
Chris Werle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brood Production ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bee Colonies

AbstractThe effects of agricultural pesticide exposure upon honey bee colonies is of increasing interest to beekeepers and researchers, and the impact of neonicotinoid pesticides in particular has come under intense scrutiny. To explore potential colony-level effects of a neonicotinoid pesticide at field-relevant concentrations, honey bee colonies were fed 5- and 20-ppb concentrations of clothianidin in sugar syrup while control colonies were fed unadulterated syrup. Two experiments were conducted in successive years at the same site in southern Arizona, and one in the high rainfall environment of Mississippi. Across all three experiments, adult bee masses were about 21% lower among colonies fed 20-ppb clothianidin than the untreated control group, but no effects of treatment on brood production were observed. Average daily hive weight losses per day in the 5-ppb clothianidin colonies were about 39% lower post-treatment than in the 20-ppb clothianidin colonies, indicating lower consumption and/or better foraging, but the dry weights of newly-emerged adult bees were on average 6–7% lower in the 5-ppb group compared to the other groups, suggesting a nutritional problem in the 5-ppb group. Internal hive CO2 concentration was higher on average in colonies fed 20-ppb clothianidin, which could have resulted from greater CO2 production and/or reduced ventilating activity. Hive temperature average and daily variability were not affected by clothianidin exposure but did differ significantly among trials. Clothianidin was found to be, like imidacloprid, highly stable in honey in the hive environment over several months.

scholarly journals Soil Bacterial Community Diversity and Composition as Affected by Tillage Intensity Treatments in Corn-Soybean Production Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Shankar G. Shanmugam ◽  
Normie W. Buehring ◽  
Jon D. Prevost ◽  
William L. Kingery
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Production System ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Our understanding on the effects of tillage intensity on the soil microbial community structure and composition in crop production systems are limited. This study evaluated the soil microbial community composition and diversity under different tillage management systems in an effort to identify management practices that effectively support sustainable agriculture. We report results from a three-year study to determine the effects on changes in soil microbial diversity and composition from four tillage intensity treatments and two residue management treatments in a corn-soybean production system using Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Soil samples were collected from tillage treatments at locations in the Southern Coastal Plain (Verona, Mississippi, USA) and Southern Mississippi River Alluvium (Stoneville, Mississippi, USA) for soil analysis and bacterial community characterization. Our results indicated that different tillage intensity treatments differentially changed the relative abundances of bacterial phyla. The Mantel test of correlations indicated that differences among bacterial community composition were significantly influenced by tillage regime (rM = 0.39, p ≤ 0.0001). Simpson’s reciprocal diversity index indicated greater bacterial diversity with reduction in tillage intensity for each year and study location. For both study sites, differences in tillage intensity had significant influence on the abundance of Proteobacteria. The shift in the soil bacterial community composition under different tillage systems was strongly correlated to changes in labile carbon pool in the system and how it affected the microbial metabolism. This study indicates that soil management through tillage intensity regime had a profound influence on diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities in a corn-soybean production system.

Rural income generation through improving crop-based pig production systems in Vietnam: Diagnostics, interventions, and dissemination

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai Peters ◽  
Nguyen Thi Tinh ◽  
Mai Thach Hoan ◽  
Nguyen The Yen ◽  
Pham Ngoc Thach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Rural Income

A New Procedure of Production Orders Sequencing in Mixed-Model Production Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 1036 ◽  
pp. 864-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Zemczak ◽  
Damian Krenczyk
Keyword(s):  
Task Scheduling ◽  
Production System ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Approximate Solutions ◽  
Task Sequence ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Sequencing Problem ◽  
Car Sequencing

The paper presents the task scheduling issue, which main aim is to establish a proper sequence of tasks, that would maximize the utilization of companys production capacity. According to the literature sources, the presented sequencing problem, denoted as CSP (Car Sequencing Problem) belongs to the NP-hard class, as has been proven by simple reduction from Hamiltonians Path problem. Optimal method of solution has not yet been found, only approximate solutions have been offered, especially from the range of evolutionary algorithms. Regardless of specific production system, while considering reception of new tasks into the system, current review of the state of the system is required in order to decide whether and when a new order can be accepted for execution. In this paper, the problem of task scheduling is limited to the specific existing mixed-model production system. The main goal is to determine the effective method of creation of task sequence. Through the use of computational algorithms, and automatic analysis of the resulting sequence, rates of production are able to be checked in a real time, and so improvements can be proposed and implemented.

scholarly journals Using Computer Simulation Method to Improve Throughput of Production Systems by Buffers and Workers Allocation

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Kłos ◽  
Peter Trebuna
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Buffer Allocation ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Buffer Capacities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Support Decision Making

Abstract This paper proposes the application of computer simulation methods to support decision making regarding intermediate buffer allocations in a series-parallel production line. The simulation model of the production system is based on a real example of a manufacturing company working in the automotive industry. Simulation experiments were conducted for different allocations of buffer capacities and different numbers of employees. The production system consists of three technological operations with intermediate buffers between each operation. The technological operations are carried out using machines and every machine can be operated by one worker. Multi-work in the production system is available (one operator operates several machines). On the basis of the simulation experiments, the relationship between system throughput, buffer allocation and the number of employees is analyzed. Increasing the buffer capacity results in an increase in the average product lifespan. Therefore, in the article a new index is proposed that includes the throughput of the manufacturing system and product life span. Simulation experiments were performed for different configurations of technological operations.

Responsive Production Systems and Roles that Robots can Play

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 275-292
Author(s):  
R.H. Weston
Keyword(s):  
Building Block ◽  
Production System ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Useful Lifetime

With increased product dynamics world-wide, the average economic lifetime of production systems is falling. Industrial robots are widely assumed to be inherently flexible and therefore that they can function as a programmable building block of response production systems. This paper reviews common capabilities of contemporary industrial robotic systems and investigates their capability to extend the useful lifetime of production system by coping with different types of product dynamic. Also considered are relative capabilities of conventional programmable robots and an emerging generation of programmable and configurable component-based machines.

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