scholarly journals Evaluation of Prestrain Annealing Impact on Nanomaterial Sensitization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
T. N. Suresh Kumar ◽  
T. Deepa ◽  
L. Natrayan ◽  
Marabathina Maheedhar ◽  
Raja Kathiravan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Hot Forging ◽  
Light Metal ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Metal Alloys ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Weight Saving ◽  
Heat Treated

Light metal alloys are extensively used in automotive, aerospace, aircraft, and military sectors since their lightweight leads to reduced energy consumption, increased fuel efficiency, and better environmental protection. In the present situation, nanomaterials are the potential candidate for weight saving in the structural application and can meet stringent government norms. Nanomaterial was heat-treated in the furnace to about a certain temperature and time and then normalized for strengthening. The heat-treated nanomaterial undergoes different forging processes, namely, hot forging and cold forging, using a certain capacity’s hydraulic press. Hence, in this work, an extensive study on the influence of the prestrain annealing, the corrosion rate on differently treated samples, and the effect of sensitization heat treatment on the nanomaterial was done.

Effect of Hot Work on Hardness and Impact Toughness of Heat Treated Low Alloy Steels

2014 ◽  
Vol 1082 ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Tash ◽  
Saleh A. Alkahtani ◽  
Khaled A. Abuhasel
Keyword(s):  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Hot Forging ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Alloying Additions ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Effect Of Hot Rolling

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of hot work reduction ratio on the hardness and impact toughness of different grades of low alloy steels. The effect of hot rolling and hot forging with different reduction ratios on the hardness and impact toughness properties will be studied. An extensive study will be carried out to investigate the effect of alloying additions and TMT parameters on the hardness and impact toughness of heat-treated low alloy steels. An understanding of the combined effect of TMT and heat treatment on the hardness and impact toughness of the low alloy steels would help in selecting conditions required to achieve optimum mechanical properties and alloy high strength to weight ratio.

scholarly journals Improved Bioactivity of 3D Printed Porous Titanium Alloy Scaffold with Chitosan/Magnesium-Calcium Silicate Composite for Orthopaedic Applications

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hao Tsai ◽  
Chih-Hung Hung ◽  
Che-Nan Kuo ◽  
Cheng-Yu Chen ◽  
Yu-Ning Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Metal Alloys ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Natural Bone

Recently, cases of bone defects have been increasing incrementally. Thus, repair or replacement of bone defects is gradually becoming a huge problem for orthopaedic surgeons. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds have since emerged as a potential candidate for bone replacement, of which titanium (Ti) alloys are one of the most promising candidates among the metal alloys due to their low cytotoxicity and mechanical properties. However, bioactivity remains a problem for metal alloys, which can be enhanced using simple immersion techniques to coat bioactive compounds onto the surface of Ti–6Al–4V scaffolds. In our study, we fabricated magnesium-calcium silicate (Mg–CS) and chitosan (CH) compounds onto Ti–6Al–4V scaffolds. Characterization of these surface-modified scaffolds involved an assessment of physicochemical properties as well as mechanical testing. Adhesion, proliferation, and growth of human Wharton’s Jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) were assessed in vitro. In addition, the cell attachment morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy to assess adhesion qualities. Osteogenic and mineralization assays were conducted to assess osteogenic expression. In conclusion, the Mg–CS/CH coated Ti–6Al–4V scaffolds were able to exhibit and retain pore sizes and their original morphologies and architectures, which significantly affected subsequent hard tissue regeneration. In addition, the surface was shown to be hydrophilic after modification and showed mechanical strength comparable to natural bone. Not only were our modified scaffolds able to match the mechanical properties of natural bone, it was also found that such modifications enhanced cellular behavior such as adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, which led to enhanced osteogenesis and mineralization downstream. In vivo results indicated that Mg–CS/CH coated Ti–6Al–4V enhances the bone regeneration and ingrowth at the critical size bone defects of rabbits. These results indicated that the proposed Mg–CS/CH coated Ti–6Al–4V scaffolds exhibited a favorable, inducive micro-environment that could serve as a promising modification for future bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

scholarly journals Effect of Lubrication and Forging Load on Surface Roughness, Residual Stress, and Deformation of Cold Forging Tools

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Karunathilaka ◽  
Tada ◽  
Uemori ◽  
Hanamitsu ◽  
Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Metallic Contact ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Stress Surface ◽  
Stress And Deformation ◽  
Forging Load

Cold forging is a metal forming that which uses localized compressive force at room temperature. During the cold forging process, the tool is subjected to extremely high loads and abrasive wear. Lubrication plays an important role in cold forging to improve product quality and tool life by preventing direct metallic contact. Surface roughness and residual stress also greatly affects the service life of a tool. In this study, variations in surface roughness, residual stress, and specimen deformation with the number of cold forging cycles were investigated under different forging conditions. Specimens that were made of heat-treated SKH51 (59–61 HRC), a high-speed tool steel with a polished working surface, were used. The specimens were subjected to an upsetting process. Compressive residual stress, surface roughness, and specimen deformation showed a positive relationship with the number of forging cycles up to a certain limit and became almost constant in most of the forging conditions. A larger change in residual stress and surface roughness was observed at the center of the specimens in all the forging conditions. The effect of the magnitude of the forging load on the above discussed parameters is large when compared to the effect of the lubrication conditions.

Measurement of the Absorption of Microwave Power by Corroded Metals

1988 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph W. Bruce ◽  
R. A. Quar
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Surface Conductivity ◽  
Metallic Alloys ◽  
Metal Alloys ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Organic Mixture ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Microwave Signals

ABSTRACTMetal alloys, when exposed to a salt/organic environment at elevated temperatures, corrode resulting in a decrease in the surface conductivity. This decrease can be monitored and assessed via the measurement of the incident and reflected microwave signals impinging upon the corroded surface. Several metallic alloys, stainless steels and inconels, were treated with a salt/organic mixture (proprietary) and heat treated at 1100 F. Periodically, the metals were removed from the furnace, allowed to cool to room temperature, and measured electrically. The samples were re-coated with the salt/organic mixture and re-heat treated. The electrical measurements showed a generally increased power absorption as corrosion thickness increased.

Characterization of Zirconia for Ceramic Dental Implant Coated with Carbonate Apatite

2019 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Fauziah Erfin ◽  
Rasmi Rikmasari ◽  
Lisda Damayanti ◽  
Andrie Harmaji ◽  
Arief Cahyanto
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implant ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Pellet Size ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Temperature Variable ◽  
High Production ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
High Production Cost

Zirconia-based dental implant in Indonesia is rarely used, especially due to low demand. High production cost makes the price of each zirconia dental implant piece become expensive. The fabrication process of the dental implant using 3 mol% Yttria-stabilized Zirconia (3YSZ) as a starting powder, or being synthesized using ZrCl3 and YCl4 precursor were costly and complicated. The aim of this study is to investigate morphology and phase analysis in the ceramic dental implant which coated with carbonate apatite (CO3Ap). The industrial 3YSZ powder was compacted using a manual hydraulic press and sintered at 1500°C approximately to 11 mm pellet size. Specimens were pre-treated using 9% hydrofluoric acid (HF) before coated by CO3Ap, while others without treatment as a control. Then, the specimens were dipped into CO3Ap suspension and heat treated with temperature variable of 300°C or 500°C. The fabrication of specimen using manual hydraulic press creates monoclinic phase more than expected, while SEM discovered that the particle size of the specimen was 130-500nm. In conclusion, the effective method to coat the ceramic dental implant with CO3Ap was using 9% HF as a pre-treatment and calcinate in 300°C as confirmed in XRD and EDS.

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