scholarly journals Effect of Mild Hypothermia after Craniotomy on the Function of Related Organs in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shu Cai ◽  
Zheng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective. To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia after craniotomy on the function of related organs in patients with traumatic brain injury. Method. A total of 240 patients with craniocerebral injury from January 2017 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 120 cases in each group. The control group was treated with craniotomy decompression, and the experimental group was treated with early mild hypothermia based on craniotomy decompression. Patients’ venous blood was collected before operation (T0), at the end of operation (T1), 24 h after operation (T2), and 2 weeks after operation (T3) to detect the serum levels of the beta-subunit of S100 protein (S100-β); soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2 (sST2), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). The prognostic effect was evaluated after 2 weeks of treatment. Results. After mild hypothermia treatment after craniotomy and decompression, the patients’ serum S100-β, sST2, NGAL, and IL-6 levels at different time points were significantly lower than the control group, and the total effective rate was higher than that of the control group. Conclusion. The treatment of mild hypothermia after craniotomy can reduce the related organs function damage indicators and inflammatory stress response, thus improving clinical efficacy and prognosis.

scholarly journals Hyperbaric oxygen for severe traumatic brain injury: a randomized trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 030006052093982
Author(s):  
Xianliang Zhong ◽  
Aijun Shan ◽  
Jianzhong Xu ◽  
Jian Liang ◽  
Ying Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Neurological Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective The present study aimed to explore the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the prognosis and neurological function of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods A prospective study was carried out in 88 patients diagnosed with severe brain injury at our hospital and they were enrolled as research participants and randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (n = 44 per group) using a random number table method. Both groups underwent routine treatment. Patients in the experimental group were administered hyperbaric oxygen therapy approximately 1 week after admission when their vital signs had stabilized. Results No significant intergroup differences were observed in the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and U.S. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores before treatment. However, after oxygen treatment, compared with the control group, the experimental group showed higher GCS and lower NIHSS scores. The GCS score at admission, tracheotomy status, and first hyperbaric oxygen therapy duration were independent prognostic factors in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy may promote recovery of neurological function and improve the cognitive function and prognosis of patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

scholarly journals Metabolic Correction of Primary Hemostasis in the Acute Phase of Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
G. A. Boyarinov ◽  
O. D. Solovyova ◽  
E. I. Yakovleva ◽  
L V. Boyarinova ◽  
A. V. Deryugina
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Liver Sinusoid ◽  
Primary Hemostasis ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine on the ultrastructural alterations in endothelial cells of liver sinusoidal capillaries (SC) and primary hemostasis in the acute phase of traumatic brain injury (TBI).Materials and methods. Ultrastructural endothelial cell changes were studied in 36 female outbred rats in the acute phase of TBI using electron microscopy, and the platelet count was determined using a blood analyzer. The experimental group (n=18) animals received intraperitoneal injections of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine at the dose of 8.0 mg/kg per day for 12 days, and the control group (n=18) rats were administered with normal saline solution at the same dose.Results. Administration of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine in the early post TBI period reduced microvilli damage in endothelial, hepatic and stellate cells in the Disse space, whereas in the control group a significant decrease of these cells counts was detected. In contrast to the control group, the experimental group animals did not demonstrate thrombocytopenia on the days 1, 3, and 7 after injury. There was a significant increase in the platelet count compared with the baseline values, which was highest on day 12 after injury.Conclusion. Intraperitoneal administration of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine in rats in early post TBI period inhibited the TBI-associated damaging effect of secondary factors on liver sinusoid endothelial cells and platelet consumption.

scholarly journals Effect of Right Median Nerve Stimulation on Level of Consciousness in Traumatic Brain Injury Subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Sirisha Nekkanti ◽  
Rahul Shaik ◽  
Srinivas Mondem ◽  
Nandini Meruva ◽  
Gunathevan Elumalai
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Coma Scale ◽  
Median Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Experimental Group

<p class="Default"><strong>Background</strong>: The median nerve serves a peripheral gateway to the central nervous system. Median nerve stimulation is positively associated with regaining the level of consciousness in patients with traumatic brain injury, but the level of evidence is still a research question. So the purpose of the study is to find out the effectiveness of right median nerve stimulation on the level of consciousness and the relation between them in subjects with traumatic brain injury.<strong> Methodology: </strong>Twenty subjects with traumatic brain injury of axonal type were selected for study and randomized into two groups. Experimental group received right median nerve stimulation along with medications where as control group received medications only one month, 30 minutes a day. Glasgow coma scale is used to assess the changes in conscious levels<strong>. Result: </strong>The results have revealed that there is significance improvement noted in experimental group when compared to control group. Comparison  of Glassgow coma scale scores between experimental and control groups after one month showed significant difference with a P value 0.0261.<strong> Conclusion: </strong>Right median nerve stimulation is strongly associated with improvement of consciousness in patients with traumatic brain injury.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Curative Effect of Early Full Nursing Combined with Postdischarge Continuation Nursing on Patients after Craniocerebral Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Lv ◽  
Fengxia Lv ◽  
Guimei Yin ◽  
Ju Yi ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Craniocerebral Trauma ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Speed Up

Early full nursing helps patients with some dysfunctions speed up the reorganization of central nervous system functions and coordinate muscle and limb activities. Postdischarge continuation nursing for patients who have not fully recovered after being discharged from the hospital can transfer nursing work from the hospital to the family to meet their nursing needs. In this study, early full nursing combined with postdischarge continuation nursing was used for patients with traumatic brain injury to explore its efficacy and its impact on patients' motor function, quality of life, and complications. The results of the study show that the total effective rate of the observation group (95.92%) was higher than that of the control group (85.71%). At discharge and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge, the upper limb Fugl-Meyer score, lower limb Fugl-Meyer score, ARAT score, FIM score, 4 dimensions of GQOLI-74 score, and Barthel index scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group in the same period. The postoperative complication rate (10.20%) of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (26.53%). Early full nursing combined with postdischarge continuation nursing can improve the rehabilitation effect, effectively promote the recovery of motor function in patients with traumatic brain injury, improve the quality of life, and reduce postoperative complications.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Centella asiatica (L.) Extract by Decreasing TNF-α Serum Levels in Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafiisah Nafiisah ◽  
◽  
Falah Faniyah ◽  
Yoga Mulia Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Tnf Α

Centella asiatica (L.) has many active ingredients with many important roles, including as antioxidant, anti-inflamation and neuroprotectant. Centella asiatica (L.) can reduce inflammatory reactions by inhibiting the activity of TNF-α. Thus, Centella asiatica (L.) is a potential alternative therapy for traumatic brain injury by reducing inflammation via TNF-α expression modulation. This study aimed to determine the effect of Centella asiatica (L.) on serum TNF-α levels in rat model of traumatic brain injury. This study was conducted during the period of July 3-17, 2020 at the LPPT Unit IV, Gajah Mada University. This was a true experimental with post-test only control group study on 35 male wistar rats as the experimental animals. The rats were divided into 5 groups: P1, P2, and traumatic brain injury groups that received Centella asiatica (L.) treatement at 150, 300, and 600mg/kgBW/d doses, respectively. Blood samples were collected after the experimental animals were terminated to assess serum TNF-α levels. Mean TNF-α levels were 60,980±4,057, 76,931±0,698, P3=75,889±0,948, P4=75,868±1,163, and 74,508±1,126 for P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5, respectively. The Kruskal Wallis test results showed a statistically different between groups (p = 0.005). This study shows that Centella asiatica (L.) can decrease serum TNF-α level in rat model of traumatic brain injury.

scholarly journals Effect of volume replacement during combined experimental hemorrhagic shock and traumatic brain injury in prostanoids, brain pathology and pupil status

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Campos Gomes Pinto ◽  
Matheus Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Prist ◽  
Maurício Rocha e Silva ◽  
Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Pathological Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brain Pathology ◽  
Hypertonic Saline Solution ◽  
Pathological Evaluation ◽  
Experimental Hemorrhagic Shock

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of trauma-related deaths. Systemic hypotension and intracranial hypertension causes cerebral ischemia by altering metabolism of prostanoids. We describe prostanoid, pupilar and pathological response during resuscitation with hypertonic saline solution (HSS) in TBI.Method Fifteen dogs were randomized in three groups according to resuscitation after TBI (control group; lactated Ringer’s (LR) group and HSS group), with measurement of thromboxane, prostaglandin, macroscopic and microscopic pathological evaluation and pupil evaluation.Result Concentration of prostaglandin is greater in the cerebral venous blood than in plasma and the opposite happens with concentration of thromboxane. Pathology revealed edema in groups with the exception of group treated with HSS.Discussion and conclusion There is a balance between the concentrations of prostaglandin and thromboxane. HSS prevented the formation of cerebral edema macroscopically detectable. Pupillary reversal occurred earlier in HSS group than in LR group.

Dynamic Changes and Clinical Significance of White Blood Cells and Platelets in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-273
Author(s):  
He Wang ◽  
Kaili Liu ◽  
Chao Xiu ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Wantao Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Craniocerebral Injury ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Microplate Reader

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is becoming the main cause of death threatening human life because of its high disability rate, high mortality rate and great social harm. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic changes and clinical significance of leukocytes (WBC) and platelets (PLT) in patients with traumatic brain injury. In the process of specimen collection, 4ml of peripheral venous blood was collected 24 hours, 4 days, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days after craniocerebral injury using sterile, non-heat source and non-endotoxin test tube. 2ml venous blood was added into EDTA anticoagulant blood collection vessel to detect the changes of peripheral blood leukocytes and platelets in patients with craniocerebral injury. In addition, 2 ml venous blood was added into the procoagulant blood collection vessel, and the serum was separated and frozen for the determination of CRP and TSP1. All patients were evaluated with Glasgow outcome score at discharge. When detecting PLT and WBC, Sysmex K4500 hematology analyzer was used to routinely measure the number of PLT and WBC in peripheral blood at different time points. In the process of CRP (C- reactive protein) measurement, adjust the pipette to 60 μ l, and add 50 μl of developer a and developer B into the micropore respectively. Then it vibrates on a mini vibrator for 5 seconds to ensure mixing. Preheat the microplate reader for 30 minutes, place the microplate in the microplate reader, set the parameters and read the values. When measuring TSP1 (thrombin sensitive protein 1), adjust the micro pipette to 50 μ l, then add 50μl termination solution into the micropore respectively, and then vibrate on the micro vibrator for 30 seconds to ensure full mixing. Further analysis showed that there was no difference between the non-infection group and the normal control group on the 4th day (P > 0.05). This study is helpful to the timely treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury.

scholarly journals The effects of adapted physical exercise during rehabilitation in patients with traumatic brain injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-489
Author(s):  
Romana Romanov ◽  
Ladislav Mesarič ◽  
Dušan Perić ◽  
Jasna Vešligaj Damiš ◽  
Yoana Petrova Filišič
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Attention Process ◽  
Experimental Group

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of adapted physical exercise on the level of muscular ability and attention process in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Patients and methods: Between September 2018 and November 2018, a total of 25 male patients with TBI (mean age: 41.1±9.7 years; range, 30 to 50 years) that occurred two years ago were included in this randomized-controlled study. The patients were divided into two groups as the experimental group (n=13) and the control group (n=12). The experimental group implemented a regular rehabilitation program and an additional program of adapted physical exercise. The control group implemented only a regular rehabilitation program (morning gymnastics and gymnastics for the brain). Motor and functional abilities were assessed by a Senior Fitness battery and Berg's balance scale. Attention process was assessed by a standardized d2 test. Results: A significant improvement in physical abilities (strength, flexibility and balance) and attention process was observed in both groups (p<0.01). The improvement was greater in the experimental group (p<0.01). Conclusion: Traumatic brain injury causes difficulties in the memory and executive functions of the body and impairs working ability. The short-term adapted physical exercise program can yield a positive change in working abilities of patients with TBI.

scholarly journals Therapeutic impact of hypothermia in traumatic brain injury management: systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Abrantes de Oliveira ◽  
Enzo Tibiriçá de Rezende ◽  
Larissa Rodrigues Sotto- Maior ◽  
Nathália Vieira Caires ◽  
Vanessa Teixeira Miquelito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Decompressive Hemicraniectomy ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Fever Management ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Background: Traumatic brain injury(TBI) is an important component of mortality rate(MR) among young adults. Hypothermia(HT) is a treatment with questionable efficacy, given existing discordant views. Objective: investigate the performance of HT in TBI. Methods: Randomized controlled trials(RCT) from PUBMED, over the last five years, were analysed through the descriptors “Traumatic brain injury”; “Therapeutic hypothermia” and its MeSH variations. RCTs in individuals over 19 were included. After criteria were applied, four were selected for this review. This systematic review was submitted for registration on the PROSPERO plataform(ID: 253817). Results: Eurotherm3235 segregated n=387 to a group subjected to HP and another to standard treatment, evaluating them through the Glasgow Scale. The RCT was interrupted due potential damage to the participants, and showed greater MR(p <0.05) in the experimental group (EG). The POST-HOC of the B-HYPO sorted n=129 into a control group on fever management, and another group subjected to HT, separating them according to the injury. The patients with minor severity from the EG showed higher MR(p <0.05). The RCT from Chunhai T et al.(n=60) subjected to decompressive hemicraniectomy, which were divided into those who received HT, and a control group, displaying an inferior MR in the EG (p<0.05). Feng JZ et al. with n=14 subjected the EG to HT, and analysed the participants through the magnetic resonance metabolomics, showing lesser MR and better recovery in the EG(p<0.05). Conclusion: The studies indicated disparate results. However, those with larger samples indicated worse prognosis between patients subjected to HT.

scholarly journals The Influence of Different Footwear on Balance and Gait Recovery of Persons with Traumatic Brain Injury during the Second Phase of Rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Šakalienė ◽  
Vaida Diliūnaitė
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

The individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have impairments of cognitive, social and motor functions. Gait impairment is a very important factor for individuals with TBI, since it directly affects the patients’ activities of daily living and their social integration in society. Impaired gait also increases the risk of falls. Gait and balance training is an important factor for the achievement of independence, quality of life and sense of security in moving for persons with TBI, but there is no common approach to these patients’ rehabilitation and gait training methods. It is not clear whether during physiotherapy the patients who wore MBT (Masai Barefoot Technology) shoes couldundergo gait and balance recovery more efficiently than those, who wore usual shoes. The aim of the research was to evaluate the influence of different footwear on balance and gait recovery in persons with traumatic brain injury during the second phase of rehabilitation. Research sample consisted of 30 individuals (19–43 yr) who suffered mild to moderate TBI. Targeted persons were randomily divided into two groups of 15 patients: the control group consisted of 15 patients – 10 men and 5 women (age 31.6 ± 8.3 yr), who received the gait and balance training program with normal shoes in the physiotherapy room. The experimental group also consisted of 15 patients – 12 men and 3 women (age 30.6 ± 6.2 yr). The patients of the experimental group did the same exercises, but during physiotherapy they wore MBT shoes. The changes of gait indices for both groups were assessed by Emory gait scale, the changes of balance – by Fullerton balance test. The control of balance and gait significantly improved in both groups (p < 0.001) after rehabilitation. However, the balance and gait improvement in the patients with mild and moderate TBI, who were wearing MBT shoes during the physiotherapy, was exactly the same as in persons, who were wearing usual shoes during the physiotherapy. So, the significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05) was not found. The wearing of MBT shoes during the physiotherapy procedures did not affect the balance and gait recovery in persons with mild and moderate TBI.Keywords: traumatic brain injury, physiotherapy, MBT shoes, gait.

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