scholarly journals Study on Synthesis Method of Multipoint Seismic Waves for Buried Oil and Gas Pipeline in Shaking Table Tests

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jian-Bo Dai ◽  
Gui-Di Zhang ◽  
Cheng-Tao Hu ◽  
Kai-Kai Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Wave ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Infinite Length ◽  
Shaking Table Tests

The buried oil and gas pipeline is a linear structure with infinite length. In the shaking table test of its seismic response, it is necessary to input the spatially related multipoint seismic wave considering the propagation characteristics of ground motion. The multipoint seismic excitation shaking table tests and loading scheme of buried oil and gas pipelines are designed and formulated. The synthesis method of spatial correlation multipoint seismic wave for the buried oil and gas pipeline test is proposed in this study. The values of relevant parameters are analyzed, and corresponding program is compiled by MATLAB. The results show that the developed multipoint excitation shaking table seismic wave input scheme is reasonable. At the same time, the synthesized multipoint seismic wave based on the actual seismic record and artificial random simulation seismic wave can meet the test requirements, which suggests the testing effect is good.

scholarly journals Shaking Table Tests for Seismic Response of Orthogonal Overlapped Tunnel under Horizontal Seismic Loading

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Honggang Wu ◽  
Hao Lei ◽  
Tianwen Lai
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Seismic Response ◽  
Seismic Wave ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Acceleration Response ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Deformation Stages ◽  
Superposition Effect

This paper presents the seismic dynamic response and spectrum characteristics of an orthogonal overlapped tunnel by shaking table tests. First, a prototype of the engineering and shaking table test device, which was used to design details of the experiment, was developed. Then, the sensors used in the test were selected, and the measurement points were arranged. Subsequently, the Wenchuan seismic wave with horizontal direction in different peak ground accelerations was inputted into the model, followed by a short analysis of the seismic response of the overlapped tunnel in the shaking table test as well as the distribution of the peak acceleration. Throughout the studies, the model exhibited obvious deformation stages during the seismic wave loading process, which can be divided into elastic, plastic, plastic enhancement, and failure stage. In particular, the time- and frequency-domain characteristics of the key parts of the tunnel were discussed in detail by using the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) based on the Morlet wavelet as the basis function. We found that the acceleration response was more intense within 25–60 s after the seismic wave was inputted. Furthermore, owing to “the superposition effect,” the seismic response at the crown of the under-crossing tunnel was stronger than that at the invert of the upper-span tunnel. The low and medium frequencies in the transformation of small scales (5–20) significantly affected the overlapped tunnel. These results elucidate the seismic dynamic response of the overlapped tunnel and provide guidance for the design of stabilizing structures for reinforcing tunnels against earthquakes.

scholarly journals Seismic Response of Flat Ground and Slope Models through 1 g Shaking Table Tests and Numerical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1875
Author(s):  
Yong Jin ◽  
Hoyeon Kim ◽  
Daehyeon Kim ◽  
Yonghee Lee ◽  
Haksung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Time History ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Numerical Analyses ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Shear Box ◽  
Laminar Shear ◽  
Flat Ground

In order to verify the reliability of numerical analysis, a series of 1 g shaking table tests for flat ground and slope were conducted using a laminar shear box subjected to different seismic waves. Firstly, numerical analyses, using the DEEPSOIL and ABAQUS software, were done to compare the results of flat ground experiments. After that, finite element analyses with ABAQUS were conducted to compare the results of slope experiments. For numerical analyses, considering the influence of the boundary, the concept of adjusted elastic modulus was proposed to improve the simulation results. Based on the analyses, it is found that in terms of acceleration-time history and spectral acceleration, the numerical analysis results are in good agreement with the experiment results. This implies that numerical analysis can capture the dynamic behavior of soil under 1 g shaking table test conditions.

Study of Shaking Table Test on Seismic Performance of 750 kV Post Insulator

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 1491-1496
Author(s):  
Sen Lin ◽  
Zhi Cheng Lu ◽  
Zhu Bing Zhu ◽  
Po Gao ◽  
Sheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Seismic Wave ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Performance Estimation ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Wave Condition ◽  
Standard Wave ◽  
Post Insulator

The applicability of seismic waves for the seismic performance estimation of 750 kV post insulator has been investigated in full-scale shaking table test. the input seismic waves comprise El Centro seismic wave, Landers seismic wave, sine beat wave and artificial standard wave. The testing results indicate that, high dynamic responses of the equipment can be obtained under artificial standard wave condition. In addition, due to comprehensive enveloping ability and gentle spectral curve, artificial standard wave is ideal for the seismic performance evaluation of 750 kV post insulator in the test. An finite element model has been developed and numerical seismic analysis has been performed. Satisfactory match between the simulated and measured results reveals the reliability of the test. The achievements obtained in this paper are helpful in choosing reasonable input wave for shaking table test, and also provide technical support on determining seismic capacity of high voltage electrical equipment.

Computer Simulation of the Shaking Table Tests on Harder Soil-Structure Interaction System

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 1619-1624
Author(s):  
Pei Zhen Li ◽  
Jing Meng ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Xi Lin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Soil Structure Interaction ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Site Condition ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Structure Interaction

Shaking table test on soil-structure interaction system in harder site condition is presented briefly in this paper. Three-dimensional finite element analysis on shaking table test is carried out using ANSYS program. The surface-to-surface contact element is taken into consideration for the nonlinearity of the state of the interface of the soil-pile and an equivalent linear model is used for soil behavior. By comparing the results of the finite element analysis with the data from shaking table tests, the computational model is validated. Based on the calculation results, the paper gives the seismic responses under the consideration of soil-structure interaction in harder site condition, including acceleration response, contact analysis on soil pile interface and so on.

scholarly journals Shaking Table Test on Dynamic Response of Bedding Rock Slopes With Weak Structural Plane Under Earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changwei Yang ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Denghang Tian ◽  
Xueyan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Wave ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Shear Plane ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Amplification Coefficient ◽  
Structural Plane ◽  
Bedding Slope ◽  
Elevation Effect

Taking a bedding rock slope with weak structural plane as the prototype, a shaking table test with a similarity ratio of 1:10 is designed and carried out. By analyzing the acceleration and displacement responses at different positions of the slope, the seismic response and instability mechanism of rock bedding slope under different seismic amplitudes, frequencies, and durations are studied. Before the failure of the slope, the rock bedding slope shows an obvious “elevation effect” and “surface effect” under the action of Wenchuan Wolong earthquake wave with different amplitudes. With the increase of the amplitude of the input seismic wave, the elevation effect and the surface effect gradually weaken. When the amplitude of the seismic wave reaches 0.9 g, the rock bedding slope begins to show damage, which demonstrates that the difference of PGA amplification coefficients on both sides of the weak structural plane increases significantly. Compared with the Kobe seismic wave and Wenchuan Wolong seismic wave, the excellent frequency of EL Centro seismic wave is closer to the first-order natural frequency of slope model and produces resonance phenomenon, which leads to the elevation effect of PGA amplification coefficient more significantly. Through the analysis of the instability process of rock bedding slope, it can be found that the failure mechanism of the slope can be divided into two stages: the formation of sliding shear plane and the overall instability of the slope.

scholarly journals Seismic Response of a Bridge Pile Foundation during a Shaking Table Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunxiu Dong ◽  
Zhongju Feng ◽  
Jingbin He ◽  
Huiyun Chen ◽  
Guan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Wave ◽  
Pile Foundation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Amplification Factor ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Seismic Intensity ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Acceleration Amplification ◽  
Bedrock Surface ◽  
Bridge Pile Foundation

Puqian Bridge is located in a quake-prone area in an 8-degree seismic fortification intensity zone, and the design of the peak ground motion is the highest grade worldwide. Nevertheless, the seismic design of the pile foundation has not been evaluated with regard to earthquake damage and the seismic issues of the pile foundation are particularly noticeable. We conducted a large-scale shaking table test (STT) to determine the dynamic characteristic of the bridge pile foundation. An artificial mass model was used to determine the mechanism of the bridge pile-soil interaction, and the peak ground acceleration range of 0.15 g–0.60 g (g is gravity acceleration) was selected as the input seismic intensity. The results indicated that the peak acceleration decreased from the top to the bottom of the bridge pile and the acceleration amplification factor decreased with the increase in seismic intensity. When the seismic intensity is greater than 0.50 g, the acceleration amplification factor at the top of the pile stabilizes at 1.32. The bedrock surface had a relatively small influence on the amplification of the seismic wave, whereas the overburden had a marked influence on the amplification of the seismic wave and filtering effect. Damage to the pile foundation was observed at 0.50 g seismic intensity. When the seismic intensity was greater than 0.50 g, the fundamental frequency of the pile foundation decreased slowly and tended to stabilize at 0.87 Hz. The bending moment was larger at the junction of the pile and cap, the soft-hard soil interface, and the bedrock surface, where cracks easily occurred. These positions should be focused on during the design of pile foundations in meizoseismal areas.

scholarly journals Seismic Response of Aeolian Sand High Embankment Slopes in Shaking Table Tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Zhou ◽  
Jiangtao Lei ◽  
Shaobo Shi ◽  
Tong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Aeolian Sand ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Horizontal Acceleration ◽  
Reflected Wave ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Three Stages

Aeolian sand high embankments are always damaged by earthquakes; however, little research has addressed this so far. In this study, shaking table tests were conducted on three aeolian sand high embankment models. Based on the shear failure mechanism of aeolian sand, the seismic responses of model embankments were analyzed. When seismic waves were inputted, the horizontal acceleration magnification (HAM) of three models always exceeded 1.0, and showed an increasing trend with height. Furthermore, according to the HAM change rules of three models under different input peak accelerations, the destruction of model embankments under earthquakes includes three stages: the reflected wave emergence (RWE) stage, the reflected wave strengthening (RWS) stage, and the acceleration magnification attenuation (AMA) stage. According to this definition, models with slopes of 1/1.2 and 1/0.8 experienced all three stages during tests, and the critical horizontal acceleration transform from the RWS stage to the AMA stage appeared. The model with a slope of 1/1.5 only experienced RWE and RWS stages during the test. At the end of the tests, the macroscopic instability mechanisms of all three models were studied, which were found to match the distribution law of HAM during tests and the destruction stage definition.

Shaking Table Test of Muti-Story Subway Station Considering Soil-Structure Interaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Wei Wang ◽  
Ying Ming Zhou ◽  
Shu Yun Mi
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Response Spectrum ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Acceleration Process ◽  
Underground Structures

In this paper, a three-dimensional shaking table test of three three-span subway station model is done. Three test seismic waves were selected in this experiment, which were applied to the model. Modal analysis of the structure was done, and the determination of the acceleration of the model structure was obtained. And the law of underground structures under earthquake damage was analysis. Soil surface acceleration process and its response spectrum and strain are obtained in the different amplitudes of ground motion input case. From experiment cracks in the emergence and development of the situation were observed, and which gives recommendations for the seismic design of underground structures.

Experimental Study on the Seismic Response of Subway Station in Soft Ground

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 1750020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma Xianfeng ◽  
Wang Guobo ◽  
Wu Jun ◽  
Ji Qianqian
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Underground Structure ◽  
Response Characteristic ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Soft Ground ◽  
Shaking Table Tests

Shaking table tests were conducted on typical models of subway structures subjected to several seismic shaking time histories to study seismic response of subway structures in soft ground as well as to provide data for validation of seismic design methods for underground structure. Three types of tests were presented herein, namely green field test, subway station test, and test for joint structure between subway station and tunnel. The similitude and modeling aspects of the 1g shaking table test are discussed. The seismic response of Shanghai clay in different depths was examined under different input waves to understand the acceleration amplification feature in both green field and in the presence of underground structure. Damage situation was checked on internal sections of both subway station and tunnels by halving the model structure. Structure deformation was investigated in terms of element strain under different earthquake loadings. The findings from this study provides useful pointers for future shaking table tests on underground structures/facilities, and the seismic response characteristic of underground structure derived from the shaking table test could be helpful for validating seismic design method for subway station.

Shaking Table Tests With Large Test Specimens of Seismically Isolated FBR Plants: Part 2—Damage Test of Reinforced Concrete Wall Structure

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Inaba ◽  
Takuya Anabuki ◽  
Kazutaka Shirai ◽  
Shuichi Yabana ◽  
Seiji Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Restoring Force ◽  
Seismically Isolated ◽  
Rubber Bearings

This paper describes the dynamic damage test of a reinforced concrete (RC) wall structure with seismic isolation sysytem. It has been expected that seismically isolated structures are damaged in sudden when the accelerations of the structures exceed a certain level by hardening of the rubber bearings. However, the response behavior and the damage mode have not been observed by experimental test yet. So, shaking table tests were carried out at “E-Defense”, equipping the world’s largest shaking table, located at Miki City, Hyogo prefecture, Japan. The specimen was composed of an upper structure of 600 ton by weight and six lead-rubber bearings (LRBs) of 505 mm in diameter which provide both stiffness and hysteretic damping. The upper structure consisted of a RC mass and four RC walls with counter weight. The RC wall structure was designed so that the damage of the RC wall occurred between the shear force at the hardening of the rubber bearings and that at their breaking. The dimensions of the RC wall were 1600 × 800 × 100 mm (B × H × t). The reinforcement ratios were 2.46% in vertical by D13 (deformed reinforcing bar, 13 mm in diameter) and 1.0% in horizontal by D10. The shaking table test was conducted consecutively by increasing the levels up to 225% of tentative design earthquake motion. Consequently, because of the increase of the structural response by the hardening of the rubber bearings, the damage of the wall structure with seismic isolation system suddenly happened. In addition, the preliminary finite element analysis simulated the test results fairly well, which were the restoring force characteristics, the crack patterns of the RC wall structure and such.

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